TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
Cover page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of content v
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction 1
1.1 Background
of study 1
1.2 Statement of problem 4
1.3 Purpose
of the study 4
1.4 Research
Question 4
1.5 Research
Hypothesis 5
1.6 Significance
of the study 5
1.7 Scope
or Delimitation of the study 6
1.8 Assumptions
of the study 6
1.9 Clarification
of major variables and terms 7
CHAPTER
TWO
2.1
Introduction 8
2.2 Concept of motivation 8
2.3 Motivation and business studies 15
2.4 Achievement motivation
16
2.5 Contributing factors to students motivation 27
CHAPTER
THREE
3.0
Introduction 37
3.1 Research Design 37
3.2
Population 37
3.3 Sampling 37
3.4 Sampling Technique 37
3.5 Research instrument 38
3.6 Validity of the instrument 38
3.7 Administration of the instrument 38
3.8 Data analysis 38
CHAPTER
FOUR
4.0 Introduction 40
4.1 Research question one 40
4.2 Research question two 42
4.3 Research question three 43
4.4 Research question four 44
4.5 Research question five 45
4.6 Summary of Findings 46
4.7 Discussion of findings 48
CHAPTER
FIVE
5.1
Summary of the study 50
5.2
Conclusion 52
5.3
Recommendation 52
5.4
Suggestions for further research 54
Reference
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
The issue of academic performance in
business education in our secondary schools has become the concern of parents,
government and every citizen in our society. It is evident by the level of
failure in the junior secondary certificates examination and other examination
results taken in Business Studies in Nigeria.
According to the National policy on
Education (2004), Business education known as business studies at the secondary
school level is splited into the following components or subject areas:
shorthand, office practice, book-keeping and typewriting at the Junior Secondary School
level while at the Senior
Secondary School level we
have Shorthand, Typewriting, Economics, Commerce and Accounts.
In the National policy on education
of (2004), it was stated that the preparation of the individual to fit into his
society and train his mind to understand the world around him is one of the
goals of education. Based on this, the students must be motivated to learn and
become part of the learning process in the school. By being motivated in
various ways such as the use of appropriate teaching aids for example
typewriter to teach typewriting lesson, the use of good teaching methods, good
classroom management. (Alaba Olaleken 2002), with all these, the students will
put in more efforts as their interest is stimulated.
The present system of education makes
provision for business studies at the Junior Secondary level. Consequently, a
large number of the students enrol for these subjects in both the junior
secondary school examinations.
Business studies subjects should be
taught by well qualified and knowledgeable teachers in the area of the subject
matter. Parents and students need to be well informed about relevance of each
subject being taught in the secondary schools. This will encourage or motivate
students to study harder especially those who have interest in such career.
Having identified some of the factors
that could motivate students at the secondary schools level, the next question
that comes to the mind is who is largely responsible for the task of motivating
students to take up each subject being taught in their various schools? It is
of course the teacher.
Here the governments together with
the parents and the general public on several occasions have attributed the
poor students performance in business studies to teacher’s nonchalant attitude
to work (Ali, 2003).
The concise Oxford Dictionary (2000),
defined a teacher as “one who gives lessons especially at school” therefore the
teacher is expected to achieve the National objective of education by directing
the learning of students and at the same time motivating them to take up
subjects that will be of use to them in future.
Therefore, the classroom management
by the teacher should be done effectively to achieve the stated objectives.
It could be seen that motivation is
one of the essential tools for behavioral modification or social control in the
instructional procedure of informing and explaining the question. Therefore,
business studies teachers need to demonstrate high sense of dedication and
commitment to the teaching of the subject to reflect the high performance place
on it as a core subject by the Federal government.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The performance of students in Junior
Secondary Certificate Examination (JSCE) in business studies is appalling.
Various factors have been adduced for poor performance of students in the
subject area. The interest of students in business education, students task orientation and skill
acquisition, students personality and self concept (more 1973), feeling of
inadequacy (Callahan, 1971), shortage of qualified teachers (Ohuche, 1970),
poor facilities, equipment and instructional materials for effective teaching
(Oshibodu, 1984 and Akpan, 1987).
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The study sought to explain learning
outcomes in Junior Secondary Business Studies in terms of motivating students
towards academic gains in the subject.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
This study is guided by the following
questions:
1.
Does motivation have any impact on students academic
performance is Business Education.
2.
Does a task value have any significant role on students
motivation?
3.
Do teachers have any relevant role in improving the
performance capabilities of the students through motivation?
4.
Do students require any incentive before they can perform
well in their academic work?
5.
Does the family motivation determine the rate of students’
performance in their school work?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Ho1: There is no significant difference
in the impact of motivations of academic performance of male and female
students in business studies.
Ho2: There is no significant difference
in the academic performance of highly motivated and lowly motivated students in
business studies achievement test.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will be to the Government,
Educationist, Teachers, Employers of labor and the Parents – teacher
association as it exposes to them some of the problems which affects high
performance in business studies.
The findings of this study will help
to provide ways in which students can be motivated toward effective
performances in business studies. The suggestions and recommendations to be
made in this study will assist the different groups and agent concerned with
curriculum and instructional development in making appropriate decisions
regarding improvement in the teaching of business studies which would finally
increase their performances.
Generally, this study will seek to
provide the future Educationist The solution on how to increase students
performances in business studies as well
as in other related subject.
1.7 SCOPE OR DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study is limited to five (5)
secondary schools in Shomolu local government area of Lagos state. These are:
6
Eva Adelaja
Junior Secondary
Grammar School.
7
Baptist Junior
High School.
8
Igbobi Junior
Girls High
School.
9
Gbagada Comprehensive
Junior High School.
10 Morocco Comprehensive
Junior High School.
1.8 ASSUMPTIONS OF THE STUDY
In the
light of this study, the following assumptions have been made:
a.
It is assumed that students can be motivated in school to
improve their performances.
b.
Effective classroom management in schools by teachers can
go a long way to motivate students to improve them academically.
c.
Teachers with high morale due to job satisfaction can
achieve the goals of motivation better than teachers with low morale.
d.
Finally, this study assumes that the school environment
and the students socio-economic background has a part to play in motivating the
students.
1.9 CLARIFICATION OF MAJOR VARIABLES AND TERMS
Most of the terms and concepts used
in this study have loaded meanings and applications. It is therefore necessary
to define them as they would be used in this study.
MOTIVATION: Power of moving
PERFORMANCE: Execution of an action or to
accomplish or to effect.
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