TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
1.2
statement of the problem
1.3
AIMS and objectiveS
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
1.5
SCOPE OF
THE STUDY
1.6 limitation
of the study
1.7 methodology
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1 INFORMATION
SHARING AMONG AGENCIES AND MANAGEMENT CENTERS
2.2 TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT (TSM) RELATIONSHIP
2.3 CONTROL SYSTEM
OPTIONS
2.4 IMPLICATIONS OF INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC
SYSTEM
2.5 BENEFITS
OF INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC SYSTEM IN URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
2.6 RULES OF
INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC CONTROL
2.7 VEHICLE CONTROL
2.8 EXPERT SYSTEMS
2.9 PREDICTION-BASED OPTIMIZATION.
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.2 ANALYSIS
OF EXISTING SYSTEM
3.3 DESCRIPTION
OF NEW SYSTEM
3.4 MERIT
OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
3.5 FEASIBILITY
STUDY
3.6
SOURCE OF DATA
3.7 METHOD OF COLLECTION
3.8 SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
3.9 SYSTEM
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 SYSTEM
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 SYSTEM
DESIGN
4.3 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
4.4 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
4.5 SYSTEM
REQUIREMENT FOR INSTALLATION
4.6 SYSTEM
INSTALLATION PROCEDURE
4.7 HOW TO RUN THE SYSTEM
4.8 CHOICE
OF LANGUAGE
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION
AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 SUMMARY
5.2 CONCLUSION
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This project is about integration of intelligent
traffic control system, for the types of collisions, congestions and traffics
rules. The examples and perceptive in this project deal primarily with World
computerized traffic control system and some civilized countries. Traffic light,
also known as traffic signal, stop light, traffic lamp, stop and go light,
robots or semaphore, are signaling
devices positioned at road
inspections, pedestrian crossing, and other locations to control competing
flows of traffic.
1.1 BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
The increase in urbanization and traffic congestion
create an urgent need to operate our transportation systems with maximum
efficiency. Real-time traffic signal control is an integral part of modern
Urban Traffic Control Systems aimed at achieving optimal Utilization of the
road network. Providing effective real time traffic signal control for a large
complex traffic network is an extremely challenging distributed control
problem. Signal system operation is further complicated by the recent trend
that views traffic signal system as a small component of an integrated
multimodal transportation System. Optimization of traffic signals and other
control devices for the efficient movement of traffic on streets and highways
constitutes a challenging part of the advanced traffic management system of
intelligent transportation system.
Simply defined, Intelligent
Transport Systems and Services is the integration of information and
communications technology with transport infrastructure, vehicles and users.
For a large-scale traffic management system, it may be
difficult or impossible to tell whether the traffic network is flowing smoothly
and assess its current state. Over the past few years, multi-agent systems have
become a crucial technology for effectively exploiting the increasing
availability of diverse, heterogeneous and distributed information sources.
Researchers over the Years have adopted numerous techniques and used various
tools to implement multi-agent systems for their problem domains. As researchers
gain a better understanding of these autonomous multi-agent systems, more
features are incorporated into them to enhance their performance and the
enhanced systems can then be used for more complex application domains.
Intelligent software agent is an autonomous computer
program, which interacts with and assists an end user in certain computer
related tasks. In any agent, there is always a certain level of intelligence.
The level of the Intelligence could vary from pre-determined roles and responsibilities
to a learning entity. Multi-Agent System is the aggregate of agents, whose
object is to decompose the large system to several small systems which
communicate and coordinate with each other and can he extended easily.
Agent-based simulations are models where multiple entities sense and
stochastically respond to conditions in their local environments, mimicking
complex large scale system behavior. The urban traffic system is a much complex
system, which involved many entities and the relationship among them are
Complicated.
Therefore, the most
important issues for a learner agent is the assessment of the behavior and the
intelligence level of the other agents. By sharing vital information,
Intelligent Traffic System allows people to get more from transport networks,
with greater safety and with less impact on the environment. Intelligent
Traffic System helps the whole transport system to work most effectively and
efficiently. Intelligent Traffic System integrates users, transport systems,
and vehicles through state-of-the-art information and communications
technologies. Intelligent Traffic System can dramatically improve travelers’
safety, efficiency and comfort. Intelligent Traffic System helps shippers and
carriers move freight to its destination reliably and efficiently. Intelligent
Traffic System helps the people who run transport systems provide better
service to their customers. Intelligent Traffic System helps get the best value
from the road and rail systems we already have. Intelligent Traffic System
helps traffic flow more smoothly, reducing delays, fuel consumption, and air
and noise pollution. Intelligent Traffic System helps make public transport
more convenient and affordable.
Intelligent Traffic System often works behind the
scenes. When emergency vehicles get to a crash site more rapidly than before,
Intelligent Traffic System is detecting the crash, notifying emergency
services, and getting the nearest response unit rapidly to the site. Technology
in a vehicle prevents skidding and helps the vehicle to stop safely; the driver
may not even realize that assistance was provided, but Intelligent Traffic
System is at work.
1.4
statement of
the problem
Traffic congestion is an increasing problem in cities
and sub urban spend more of their time commuting to work, school, shopping, and
social event as well as dealing with traffic light jambs and accidents. Traffic
became heavy in all directions, more to and from cities as well as between sub
urban locations. Sub urban business locations required huge parking lots
because employees have to drive; there were few buses trains, or trolleys to
carry scatter workers to their work place. The hope of reduced congestion in
the sub urban had not been realized; long commutes and traffic jams could be
found everywhere.
1.5
AIMS and objectiveS
Intelligent Traffic System provides travel
opportunities and additional travel choices for more people in more ways,
wherever they live, work and play, regardless of age or disability.
The aims of this research work are:
-
To
design and implement an intelligent traffic control system.
-
To
develop a suitable algorithm to implement the design.
-
To
simulate the intelligent traffic control using Visual Basic programming.
The first objective is to
make each of the traffic lights or semaphores smart. That is, aware of the time
of day, basic turn red, green or yellow rules, and perhaps what traffic looks
like in all directions based upon locally mounted signals. In achieving these
aims, the following objectives will also be followed:
-
To
design a simple system that is easily adaptable to the existing traffic
conditions at the junction, involving a minimum of physical changes in the
intersection.
-
To
provide the quickest possible clearance to vehicular and pedestrian traffic in
all directions at a junction.
-
To
a design flexible artificial intelligence traffic light system that will take
care of changes in the traffic density and character.
-
To
reduce the stress of the traffic warder.
-
To
reduce the occurrence of possible accident.
-
To
verify the efficacy of the program.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The important of this research work
are:
-
It
will help in reducing the occurrence of possible collision or accident and
thereby improve the confidence of the driver and the pedestrian plighting through
the highways.
-
The
project to allay the fear of time wastage at the junctions because of unevenly
directions of traffic system.
-
Since
the system is capable of working for 24hours uninterrupted thereby assured
constant availability of traffic control service hence reduce human effort and
energy.
1.6
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope is the design of an intelligent traffic
control system. The modern method of traffic control system is indicating each
light at a particular time interval to pass a vehicle at one lane and stop
vehicle on the other lane. The light is broken into three (3) categories (Red,
Yellow, and Green) to signal to lane on
what to do at a particular time where the red signify STOP, yellow signify READY,
and green signify MOVE.
Each light is designed to turn itself on whenever it
is necessary and turn off the time elapse.
1.6 limitation
of the study
Traffic congestion is a serious problem despite costly
effort to create an integrated method of traffic control system. The number of
private automobiles used mainly by people with middle and income, has increased
faster than any form of transportation in Lagos (Nigeria) and this has
increased a demand of expansion of roads, parking space and improved
computerized traffic control system.
1.7 methodology
The designed method employed for the intelligent
traffic control system for this case study was the use of Split Cycle and
Offset Optimization Technique. This technique used was use for the signal
timing optimization and also to make a series of frequent adjustment for signal
timing to minimize the modeled vehicle delays of the case study. The method is
developed to meet the need of today`s traffic management. Visual basic was the
developed program used for designing the intelligent control system of the case
study and its design analysis as a functional designed method for the
specification that identifies whether a new replacement system is required.
This is done so as to ensure proper accuracy, efficiency and effectiveness
which is the basic of a traffic control system.
1.8 DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Traffic Light: A road signal for
directing vehicular traffic by means of colour lights, typically red for stop,
green for go, and yellow for proceed with caution.
Intelligent Traffic System: refers to information and communication
technology that improve
transport outcomes such as transport safety, transport productivity, travel
reliability, informed travel choices, social equity, environmental performance
and network operation resilience.
§ Intelligent Traffic System will help
all travelers get where they need to go regardless of age or disability and
regardless of where they live. Intelligent Traffic System will provide better
information on available services to travelers who cannot or choose not to
drive including those who are mobility or sight-impaired.
§ Intelligent Traffic System will also
help make it easier to pay for transport services. The future will include a
single electronic payment mechanism to pay for fuel, tolls, public transport
fares, parking, and a variety of other charges that busy travelers encounter
every day. Intelligent Traffic System will help convey the needs and interests
of transport system customers to the people who manage the system, helping to
ensure a transport system that is responsive to those needs and interests.
Intelligent Traffic System will help managers of the transport system to make services
safer and simultaneously available for motorists, cyclists, pedestrians, and
users of public transport.
§ Intelligent Traffic System will help
focus the transport system on meeting the needs of all its customers. Better
meeting customer needs means a renewed focus on customer service and effective
operations.
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