EFFECT OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN NATIONAL IDENTITY MANAGEMENT COMMISSION, JIGAWA STATE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1  Background to the Study

National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) is a critical government agency in Nigeria that is responsible for creating, managing, and maintaining the national identity database. The commission was established by the NIMS act no. 23 of 2007, to provide an integrated and centralized national identity system for Nigerians and legal residents. The commission's role is vital for national planning, security, and service delivery across various sectors, including banking, healthcare, and telecommunications. For effective service delivery the commission require information and communication technology (ICT) Emmanuel Ojo and Ibrahim A. Yaro have indeed contributed to discussions on Information Communication Technology ICT in National Identity Management Commission NIMC, and governance, particularly in the context of Nigeria.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has revolutionized how organizations operate, both in the private and public sectors. Over the past few decades, the integration of ICT into organizational processes has been identified as a key driver of efficiency, improved service delivery, and enhanced decision-making. Governments worldwide, including Nigeria, have increasingly adopted ICT to modernize operations, improve transparency, and meet the growing demand for efficient public services (Adewoye, 2013; Heeks, 2001).

However, achieving these objectives has been challenging due to issues such as inefficient processes, data inaccuracies, and limited public trust. In response, the NIMC has increasingly leveraged ICT to improve its operations. This includes the adoption of biometric technology, electronic data management systems, online service platforms, and other digital tools aimed at streamlining identity enrollment, verification, and data management processes.

Information Communication Technology (ICT) has become a fundamental driver of efficiency and effectiveness in public sector organizations. For organizations like the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) in Nigeria, ICT systems are essential for managing identity data, streamlining operations, and delivering services to citizens. The key components of ICT that support NIMC's functions include Decision Support Systems (DSS), Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), and Executive Support Systems (ESS). DSS aids in decision-making by providing data analytics, TPS manages day-to-day transactions, and ESS supports strategic management decisions. Understanding the performance of these systems is vital for improving service delivery and achieving NIMC’s objectives. Thus for any organization without quality information is bound to fail in the competitive market. “the organization must have adequate information systems to know what your competitors are doing”, this will enable the manager to plan ahead of them so as to outsmart them, to know your target market (customers) and how to satisfy them, all these are only achievable through the help of an information technology, then the business organization can stand the test of time and performance will be achieved effectively and efficiently Ikechukwu, E. A., Ajayi, O. M., &Onifade, I. O. (2019).

The National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) in Nigeria operates primarily as a government agency responsible for the registration, management, and verification of citizens' identities. In this context, NIMC does not have direct competitors in the traditional business sense because it is the sole government-authorized body for identity management in Nigeria. Its mandate includes issuing the National Identification Number (NIN) and maintaining a centralized national identity database, a function that is typically reserved for a single state agency in many countries.

Every organization develops its own ICT which is totally dependent on the personal needs of the organizations. In the Information Communication Technology (ICT), especially within organizations like the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC),the effectiveness soft technology is not solely dependent on the hardware and software systems. To fully leverage the advantages of ICT, the role of human intelligence, perception, and judgment is equally critical. While ICT systems, such as data bases and automated processes, can stream line the registration, verification, and management of citizen data, it is the skilled application and interpretation of this technology by NIMC staff that ensures its success. For instance, employees must use their judgment to interpret complex data, ensure data accuracy, and make informed decisions based on the insights provided by ICT systems. By combining advanced ICT tools with the expertise and strategic thinking of NIMC personnel, the Commission can enhance its efficiency, respond effectively to challenges, and deliver better services to citizens. This combination will provide managers with the unique and value to and for the information management in any company. ICT is presently the organization nerves system which responds to opportunities and threats are avoided. It is widely acknowledged that firms with the best and most effective information system are those that have clear and well through of information strategy. In private organizations, ICT are important factors in assuring the competitive advantage and eventual profitability of the firm. On the other hand in governmental organizations ICT are just as crucial but from another perspective, in terms of responsiveness, efficiency, and productivity (Ogunleye & Adeyemi, 2023). All of these factors transformed the information technology from data processing systems to decision support systems and became the foundation of the new business environment.

The information technology stores documents and revision histories, communication records and operational data. The trick to exploiting this recording capability is organizing the data and using the system to process and present it as useful historical information. Manager can use such information to prepare cost estimates and forecasts and to analyze how manager actions affected the key company indicators (Markgraf, 2017).

Lahar et al (2015) posited that information communication technology ICT is an organized, diverse and automated information system that is concerned with the process of gathering, storing and transferring relevant information to support the management operations in an organization. He added that this information data is distributed among the various departments in an organization. Given today’s global marketplace and increasingly complex economy, information communication technology is critical to many organizations‟ survival, and business managers consistently rank it among the top IS management issues (Whittington, 2014).information communication technology are seen to be effective if the electronic information is correct and serves widely the intended objectives of the system users’ successfully. Therefore, it is in the light of the above that this study intends to investigate the role of information communication technology on organizational performance in Nigeria taking National Identity Management Commission Jigawa as a case study.

Study Purpose:

This research aims to explore the impact of Information Communication Technology (ICT) on organizational performance in Nigeria, using the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) in Jigawa State as a specific case study.

1.2  Problem Statement

The National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) in Nigeria plays a pivotal role in the registration, management, and verification of citizens' identities, which is essential for effective governance, national security, and social service delivery. As a government agency tasked with implementing a comprehensive national identity management system, NIMC relies heavily on Information Communication Technology (ICT) to facilitate its operations and enhance service delivery. However, despite the critical importance of ICT in modernizing identity management processes, NIMC faces a myriad of challenges that hinder its effectiveness and efficiency. One of the significant issues confronting NIMC is the lack of seamless data integration and interoperability among its various ICT systems. One critical issue is the fragmentation of data across various systems and databases. The lack of interoperability among these systems creates inefficiencies such as duplicated records, delays in service delivery, and difficulty in conducting comprehensive data analysis. This has a negative impact on the Commission’s ability to make informed decisions and deliver citizen-focused services (Adebayo, 2022).

Despite the advantages that comes with ICT, most organization has failed to understand the essence of information communication technology in the business environment. The researchers felt that if nothing was done to correct and remedy this situation, there is every tendency of more developing business organization to fail in future. This raised the researcher’s interest and hence the need to ascertain the importance of information communication technology for organizational success in a competitive environment. This study therefore seeks to examine the role of information communication technology on organizational performance in National Identity Management Commission (Adebayo, F. A., & Adesope, O. M. 2007).

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of information communication technology on organizational performance in National Identity Management Commission, Jigawa state. While the specific objectives are as follows:

(i)                 To determine the impact of Decision support system (DSS) on performance of NIMC Jigawa state.

(ii)               To determine the impact of Transaction Support System (TSS) on performance of NIMC Jigawa state.

(iii)             To determine of the impact of Executive Support System (ESS) on performance of NIMC Jigawa state.

1.4  Research Questions

Based on the above specific objectives, the research questions have been formulated:

(i)     To what extent does the decision support system influence the performance of NIMC in Jigawa State?

(ii)   How does the transaction support system affect the accuracy and efficiency of transactions at NIMC in Jigawa state?

(iii) How does the executive support system impact the effectiveness of senior management at NIMC in Jigawa state?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

(i)     H₁: The decision support system have significant influence on the performance of NIMC in Jigawa state.

(ii)   H₂: The transaction support system have significant affect on the performance of NIMC  in Jigawa state.

(iii) H₃: The executive support system have significant impact on the performance of NIMC   in Jigawa state.

1.6  Scope of the Study

This study investigates the role of Information Communication Technology (ICT) on organizational performance at the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC), Jigawa State, over a six-year period (2018-2023). The research examines the impact of various ICT variables on performance. The variables under ICT such as (Decision Support System), Transaction Processing System and Executive Support System will be examined on the performance of service industry in Nigeria.

1.7  Significance of the Study

In today’s competitive global market environment, adaptation and use of information and technology in operation is not just as optional decisions for service organizations, to ensure their productivity and survive in the future.

The findings of this study will benefit the staff of National identity management commission (NIMC) because both management and staff will gain a clear understanding on how ICT impact on organizational performance throughout its daily activities.

To the management of the any Service Industries, the findings of the study reported will provide a more reliable scientific measure and perspective for describing and evaluating the level of their activities using ICT, and at the same time the study specifically will also help the Managers of organizations to identify the key areas of improving so that the performance can be achieved continuously.

This study will add value to the body of existing literature and it will be a guide to academicians towards gaining facts that will be used in the teaching profession concerning the use of ICT. The study will be useful to future researchers that will or are conducting similar research work.

1.8 Definition of Key Terms

Decision Support System (DSS):are computer based information system that provides interactive information support to managers and business professionals during the decision making process. According to O’ Brien (2019),

Transaction Processing System (TPS):TPS are cross sectional system that process data resulting from the occurrence of business transactions.

Executive Support System (ESS):Executive support system help executives organize their interactions with the external environment by providing graphical and communication technologies in accessible places such as board rooms or personal corporate offices.

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