AN ANALYSIS OF CULTISM IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES

ABSTRACT

This project work examined “The Origin, Causes and effects of Cultism in Nigerian Universities.

Cultism has been one of banes of the Higher Institutions. It is a cankerworm that has gradually eaten deep into the fabrics of the universities and other higher institutions and even the large society.

This worked is divided into four chapters the first chapter dwelled on the introduction, purpose, scope and methodology.

Chapter two focused on the literature review. Chapter three discussed the causes of the proliferation of cultism in Nigerian Universities, while chapter four is concerned with the Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations of the study.

It is important that, if cultism is to be eradicated all hands must be on deck to find lasting solution to it.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.0            Introduction                                                                                                                       

1.1     Statement of Problem                                                            

1.2     Purpose of Study         

1.3     Scope and Methodology       

          Reference                                                                                         

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Literature Review                                                                    

          Reference                                                                                         

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Proliferation of Cultism in Nigeria Universities: Plausible Factors  

3.1     Factors that Affect the Growth/Proliferation of Cultism in

Nigerian Higher Institutions.                                                 

3.1.1  The Education Sector and Cultism                     

3.1.2  Nigerian Society and Cultism               

3.1.2.1  Military Coups                                                                          3.1.2.2 Political Assassination                                                            

3.1.2.3 Ethnic Militia                                           

3.1.2.4 Diminution of Family Influence                                           

3.13   Nigerian Law                            

          End Notes and References                                                               

CHAPTER FOUR

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations                                          

4.1            Summary                               

4.2            Conclusion                                        

4.3            Recommendation                                          

References                                                                                        

Bibliography        

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.0       BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

It is a truism that no meaningful academics can take place where there is incessant student unrest on campuses.

Sequel to the above opinion, the want on destruction of properties, various acts of thuggery, hooliganism and indiscipline that now characterized students revolt in the country’s tertiary institutions should be condemned unequivocally by all right thinking persons.

Crisis in our Ivory Towers have assumed on new dimension in the last two-three decades. Although much efforts have been put in place to stem the tide but only tittle progress has been made. Crisis in our tertiary institutions which is often regarded as our “Citadels of learning occur in different forms it could be between the school authority and the students, between the students themselves or between the school as a whole and the host community.

Today campus hoodlums other known as ‘cultists’ are mostly children of the highly placed members of the society whose individual levels of affluence can finance the entire activities of a cult group. They hijack of the cult activities by these wealthy students changed the Scenario and operation for the worse.

According to Eneji (1996), almost every passing day, there are new stories of devilish acts carried out by secret cults on Nigerians Tertiary Institutions.

Secret societies in our campuses today are numerous but the notorious one include the pyrate confraternity, Seadogs, Bu Claneers, Black axe, Eye, Black bras, Jezebels and several others. Members operate by intimidation, harassment and physical torture to achieve their goals.

WHAT IS A SECRET CULT?

The word "cultism" etymologically can be traced to the Latin word "Cultist" which mean's to worship. The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (2001), states that, cultism is "a small group of people who have extreme religious beliefs and who are not part of any established religion.”

Another dictionary defines cultism as "an orthodox or false religion” or a great often excessive admiration of a person.” A more related definition would be cultism regarded as "something which is popular and regarded as particularly significant by a certain group of people. In another dimension the Oxford Concise Dictionary of Sociology (1996) gives the anthropological definition of “a ‘cult’ as a set of practices and beliefs of a group in relation to a particular god” it also gives a sociological definition of it as a small group of religious activists whose beliefs are typically secret, esoteric and individualistic. Ogunbameru (1997) defines as activities which are kept away from the knowledge of others. These activities are essentially covert, disguised and are usually carried out behind closed doors. From these definitions cultism or a secret cult could be defined as a group of people whose activities are carried out in exclusive locations and unusual times without being exposed to the uninitiated, or one may define a secret cult as “a clique formed by a particular people in order to achieve peculiar interests common among them, usually manipulative, aggressive and shrouded in secrecy.”

1.1      STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Nigerian Institutions including Universities, Polytechnic, Colleges of Education, once known for their prestige and high standard in imparting knowledge have. fallen into the portals of disrepute receiving disdain from the society and the academic community in the outside world due to the infiltration of secret cults who unleash violence on Nigerian Institutions of Higher learning.

They are lawless, no respecter of campus rules and regulations. To worsen the situation, there is an unhealthy rivalry between members of different secret societies or cults. They clamour for supremacy among themselves, which does not argur well for the university community. 

1.2      PURPOSE OF STUDY

The research makes an attempt of tracing the origin of cultism in Nigerian Higher Institutions, depicting and elucidating those conditions that stimulate and promote cultism and also analyse the various policies put in place by the Nigerian government and the administration of these institutions. 

1.3      SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY

This work examines the issue of cultism in Nigerian Higher Institutions. To give the reader the basic idea of what cultism is about, the writer begins with various definitions of cultism propounded by various scholars in the introduction, then moves outwards and discusses the changes occurring in the educational sector which have some bearing on cultism propounded by various scholars in the introduction, then moves outwards and discusses the change occurring in the educational sector which have some bearing on cultism and the proliferation of cultism.

This is followed by the analysis of those changes which have taken -place in the society and play a role on the problem of cultism.

Furthermore, the study is divided into four chapters to include introduction, literature review, plausible factors and then solutions instigated is a content analysis research project whose methodolical approach adopts oral interview, written sources, electronic media sources which include articles, books, magazine, internet sources etc. distributed questionnaires and also visiting a number of tertiary institution to gather one on one opinion of the work under study from students in these tertiary institution.

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