ABSTRACT
This project work examined “The
Origin, Causes and effects of Cultism in Nigerian Universities.
Cultism has been one of banes of the
Higher Institutions. It is a cankerworm that has gradually eaten deep into the
fabrics of the universities and other higher institutions and even the large
society.
This worked is divided into four
chapters the first chapter dwelled on the introduction, purpose, scope and
methodology.
Chapter two focused on the literature
review. Chapter three discussed the causes of the proliferation of cultism in
Nigerian Universities, while chapter four is concerned with the Summary,
Conclusion and Recommendations of the study.
It is important that, if cultism is
to be eradicated all hands must be on deck to find lasting solution to it.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction
1.1 Statement of
Problem
1.2 Purpose of Study
1.3 Scope and
Methodology
Reference
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature
Review
Reference
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Proliferation of
Cultism in Nigeria Universities: Plausible Factors
3.1 Factors that
Affect the Growth/Proliferation of Cultism in
Nigerian Higher Institutions.
3.1.1 The Education
Sector and Cultism
3.1.2 Nigerian Society
and Cultism
3.1.2.1 Military Coups 3.1.2.2 Political Assassination
3.1.2.3 Ethnic Militia
3.1.2.4 Diminution of Family Influence
3.13 Nigerian Law
End Notes and
References
CHAPTER FOUR
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
4.1
Summary
4.2
Conclusion
4.3
Recommendation
References
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
It is a truism that no meaningful academics can take
place where there is incessant student unrest on campuses.
Sequel to the above opinion, the want on destruction of
properties, various acts of thuggery, hooliganism and indiscipline that now
characterized students revolt in the country’s tertiary institutions should be
condemned unequivocally by all right thinking persons.
Crisis in our Ivory Towers have assumed on new dimension
in the last two-three decades. Although much efforts have been put in place to
stem the tide but only tittle progress has been made. Crisis in our tertiary
institutions which is often regarded as our “Citadels of learning occur in
different forms it could be between the school authority and the students,
between the students themselves or between the school as a whole and the host
community.
Today campus hoodlums other known as ‘cultists’ are
mostly children of the highly placed members of the society whose individual
levels of affluence can finance the entire activities of a cult group. They
hijack of the cult activities by these wealthy students changed the Scenario
and operation for the worse.
According to Eneji (1996), almost every passing day,
there are new stories of devilish acts carried out by secret cults on Nigerians
Tertiary Institutions.
Secret societies in our campuses today are numerous but
the notorious one include the pyrate confraternity, Seadogs, Bu Claneers, Black
axe, Eye, Black bras, Jezebels and several others. Members operate by
intimidation, harassment and physical torture to achieve their goals.
WHAT IS A SECRET CULT?
The
word "cultism" etymologically can be traced to the Latin word "Cultist"
which mean's to worship. The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (2001), states
that, cultism is "a small group of people who have extreme religious beliefs
and who are not part of any established religion.”
Another
dictionary defines cultism as "an orthodox or false religion” or a great
often excessive admiration of a person.” A more related definition would be
cultism regarded as "something which is popular and regarded as
particularly significant by a certain group of people. In another dimension the
Oxford Concise Dictionary of Sociology (1996) gives the anthropological
definition of “a ‘cult’ as a set of practices and beliefs of a group in
relation to a particular god” it also gives a sociological definition of it as
a small group of religious activists whose beliefs are typically secret,
esoteric and individualistic. Ogunbameru
(1997) defines as activities which are kept away from the knowledge of
others. These activities are essentially
covert, disguised and are usually carried out behind closed doors. From these
definitions cultism or a secret cult could be defined as a group of people
whose activities are carried out in exclusive locations and unusual times
without being exposed to the uninitiated, or one may define a secret cult as “a
clique formed by a particular people in order to achieve peculiar interests common
among them, usually manipulative, aggressive and shrouded in secrecy.”
1.1 STATEMENT
OF PROBLEM
Nigerian
Institutions including Universities, Polytechnic, Colleges of Education, once
known for their prestige and high standard in imparting knowledge have. fallen
into the portals of disrepute receiving disdain from the society and the
academic community in the outside world due to the infiltration of secret cults
who unleash violence on Nigerian Institutions of Higher learning.
They are lawless, no respecter of campus rules and
regulations. To worsen the situation, there is an unhealthy rivalry between
members of different secret societies or cults. They clamour for supremacy
among themselves, which does not argur well for the university community.
1.2 PURPOSE OF STUDY
The research makes an attempt of
tracing the origin of cultism in Nigerian Higher Institutions, depicting and
elucidating those conditions that stimulate and promote cultism and also
analyse the various policies put in place by the Nigerian government and the
administration of these institutions.
1.3 SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY
This work examines the issue of cultism
in Nigerian Higher Institutions. To give the reader the basic idea of what
cultism is about, the writer begins with various definitions of cultism propounded
by various scholars in the introduction, then moves outwards and discusses the
changes occurring in the educational sector which have some bearing on cultism
propounded by various scholars in the introduction, then moves outwards and
discusses the change occurring in the educational sector which have some
bearing on cultism and the proliferation of cultism.
This is followed by the analysis of
those changes which have taken -place in the society and play a role on the
problem of cultism.
Furthermore, the study is divided into
four chapters to include introduction, literature review, plausible factors and
then solutions instigated is a content analysis research project whose
methodolical approach adopts oral interview, written sources, electronic media
sources which include articles, books, magazine, internet sources etc.
distributed questionnaires and also visiting a number of tertiary institution
to gather one on one opinion of the work under study from students in these
tertiary institution.
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