ABSTRACT
The world is now a global village with the invention
of new technologies. However, the physical migration of people is still
inevitable and it is necessary for rural community’s development. There are
several reasons while people migrate, like economic reasons, ecological
reasons, educational reasons etc.
The purpose of the research work is to bring to the
fore the “Impact of rural migration on community development”.
Hypotheses were structure in a way to show the
significant relationship between rural migration and community development.
Data were collected through primary and secondary
sources. Questionnaires were structured in order to solve the identified
problem and meet up with the stated objectives.
Chi-square was used to test the positivity and
negativity of the hypothesis.
Conclusively, there is a relationship between rural
migration and community development.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page 1
Abstract 2
Table of Content 3
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the study 5
1.2 Statement
of problems 6
1.3 Objectives
of the study 7
1.4 Research
questions 8
1.5 Research
hypotheses 8
1.6 Definition
of terms 9
1.7 Limitation
of the study 10
1.8 Organization
of the study 10
Reference 12
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK
2.1
Introduction 13
2.2
Literature
review 13
2.3
Theoretical
framework 23
References 35
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 36
3.2 Restatement of research
questions 36
3.3 Restatement of research
hypotheses 37
3.4 Research Design 38
3.5 Purpose of research design 38
3.6 Population of study 39
3.7 Sampling design and
procedures 40
3.8 Population characteristics 41
3.9 Advantages of using random
sampling 41
3.10 Data collection instruments 42
3.11 Pilot test (validity and
reliability of test) 42
3.12 Analytical tool 44
3.13 Limitations of methodology 44
References 45
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION
4.1 Introduction 46
4.2 Analysis of questionnaires
administered
and returned
46
4.3 Personal questions to the
respondents 46
4.4 Hypothesis testing 50
4.5 Hypothesis one 50
4.6 Hypothesis two 51
4.7 Hypothesis three 53
4.8 Hypothesis four 54
4.9 Other results from
respondents 56
4.10 Summary of hypotheses tested 64
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY
OF FINDING, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction 66
5.2 Summary of findings 66
5.3 Conclusion 68
5.4 Recommendations 68
Bibliography 72
Appendix I 74
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Migration
is a universal phenomenon. It had been a daily routine from time immemorial
till this present time. Migration is the movement of individual or group from
one location to the other. Rural-migration is the movement of individual group
of people from one country–side to a particular geographical rural /urban area
(Della Summers 2000).
Previous
research as documented the devastating effect of out-migration on rural
communities. In this process, young highly skilled migrants leave rural area
that offer little opportunity, migrating to urban and suburban areas. Their out
migration leaves behind an older, less educated and low skilled community that
struggles to meet increased social-service needs with shrinking tax base (Cushing,
2000). The migration pattern of the poor, coupled with the out-migration of the
non-poor, exacerbated poverty rates in poor countries.
Nigeria’s
concern and desire to do something about rural urban migration stems from the
unprecedented rapid growth of the urban population which is believed to had
result from the rapid influx of migrants from rural areas. In–migrants are
blamed for swelling population for beyond the towns economic capacity thus,
creating urban problems such as unemployment successive Nigerian government
have planned and executed several projects ranging from farm settlements in
rural areas to development of new, smaller, satellite towns to divert migration
from the more crowded, large towns (Markiwa, 2004).
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Migration
is an inevitable phenomenon. It has negative and positive impact on both rural
and urban communities. The migrants from the rural communities posses lot of
problems on the urban communities. Most of these problems are:
i.
Congestion
in population: Due to over concentration of people in
a particular area which create problem for the government to execute its plan
effectively for its residents or citizens of a particular area.
ii.
Poverty:
Over concentration of migrants in a particular local area without proper
documentation or records from government can reduce the standard of living of
the people because there is increase in the population against government
plans.
iii.
Crime:
Migrants who leave their homes hoping to get a good job in other communities
ends up being disappointed as a result of unemployment and at the end get
involve in one criminal activities or the other, in other to make ends meet.
iv.
Illiteracy:
Migration is also a bane to educational system. School age migrants who migrate
to another community posed problem to their education in the sense that the
facilities might not be able to accommodate more population of
students–migrants who are aspiring to further their educational carrier.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
i.
To examine the impact of rural migration
on community development.
ii.
To examine the relationship between
rural migration and illiteracy in the community.
iii.
To examine the effect of crime on
community development.
iv.
To examine the relationship between
rural migration and poverty level in the community.
v.
To make appropriate suggestions.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTION
i.
Why do people migrate to a particular
community?
ii.
What is the effect of migrants on the
educational system of the community?
iii.
Is crime a bane of community
development?
iv.
Is migration a determinant factor of
poverty
1.5 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESES
1. HO: There is no significant relationship between rural migration and community development.
HI: There is a significant relationship between
rural migration and community
development.
2. HO: That rural migration is not a determinant of poverty
Manifestation in community development.
HI: That rural migration is a determinant of
poverty manifestation in the
community.
3. HO: There is no relationship between over
population of migrants and level of illiteracy.
HI: That there is a relationship between over population of
migrants and level of illiteracy.
4. HO: There is no significant relationship between unemployment of migrants and increase in
crime activities in the community.
HI: There is a significant relationship between unemployment of migrants and increase in
crime activities in the community.
1.6 DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Impact:
The effect or influence that an event situation etc has on someone or something.
Rural:
A place far from the city, with a natural environment.
Migration:
It is the movement from a particular location to another.
Community:
A group of people who share the same nationality or religion or who are similar
in another way.
Development:
The gradual growth of something, so that it becomes bigger or more advanced.
Theory:
It is a reasonable or scientifically acceptable explanation for a fact or event
which is yet to be proven true.
Model:
Fred Riggs asserted that models are constructs purely hypothetical, ideal type
abstracted from observed realities and useful as tools of analysis to
significant phenomena and relationships.
1.7 LIMITATION
OF THE STUDY
It
must be clearly stated here that absolute proof or perfection is not possible
and for the purpose of this study the following limitations are imminent.
·
Time constraint
·
Financial constraint
·
Under the sampling method, since the
whole population is not selected, there is a possibility of inaccuracy
·
The method of data collection selected,
questionnaire is subjected to too much individual biases
1.8 ORGANIZATION
OF THE STUDY
This
research work will be carefully arranged in five chapters. Chapter one is the
introductory, part and it deals with those aspects such as background of the study,
objective, statement of problems, research questions, statement of hypotheses,
definition of terms, limitation of the study and organization of the study.
Chapter
two focuses on literature review and theoretical framework. Chapter three deals
with research methodology which describes population of the study, sample and
sampling methods e.t.c. Chapter four focuses on the result of the field
investigation through the presentation and interpretation of data and the
testing of hypothesis. Chapter five focuses
on the summary, conclusion and recommendations for further research.
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