ABSTRACT
This study is an Evaluation of the
Contributions of Public Enterprises to Socio-Economic Development of State.
Development whether at the national, state or local government levels has
always constituted the central focus of every administration either civilian or
military. Industrialisation, is recognised as a catalyst of rapid economic
development. In Jigawa state in particular, the great desire to industrialise
arises partly because of the relative backwardness of the state, which depends
for over 90% of her revenue from the federal government. Realizing how
vulnerable the state is, as a result of dwindling revenue from the federation
account occasioned by the 1980s world glut the economic recession that followed
and the poor financial management of available resources, the leadership set
out to reverse this trend. Realising the relationship between the establishment
of manufacturing industries within the state and economic growth and
development of the state, the government thus made the Establishment of small
and medium scale industries one of its cardinal objectives. To achieve this
lofty objective, the Jigawa Investment and Pro-perties Limited and Jigawa
Transport Corporation were established to serve as catalysts in this policy of
the development process of the state. The evaluation was done by the
establishment of three hypotheses set out to measure such variables as
employment opportunities, development of infrastructure, rate of revenue
generation and investments.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
- - - - - - - - - - I
CERTIFICATION
- - - - - - - - -
II
DECLARATION
- - - - - - - - - III
DEDICATION
- -- - - - - - - - - IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT - - - - - - - - V
TABLE OF
CONTENTS - - - - - - - - VI
ABSTRACT - - - - - - - - - - VIII
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY - - - - - - - 1
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM - - - - - - 1
1.3 AIMS
AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY - - - - - 4
1.4
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES - - - - - - - 5
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY - - - - - - - 5
1.6 SCOPE
AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY - - - - - 6
1.7
DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS - - - - - - - 6
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW:
2.1
LITERATURE REVIEW - - - - - - - - 9
2.2 CONCEPT
OF PUBLIC ENTERPRESIS- - - - - - - 9
2.3 IDEOLOGICAL
IMPARTATIVE FOR THE CERATION OF PUBLIC ENTERPRESIS- 10
2.4 POLICY
FRAMEWORK OF SAP- - - - - - - - 14
2.5 PRIVATIZATION
OF PUBLIC ENTERPRIES IN NIGERIA - - - - 16
2.6
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK - - - - - - - 17
CHAPTER THREE:
STRUCTURE AND
FUNCTIONS
3.1
INTRODUCTION- - - - - - - - - - -20
3.2
RESEARCH DESIGN - - - - - - - - - -21
3.3
SOURCES OF DATA - - - - - - - - -21
3.4
POPULATION OF THE STUDY- - - - - - - - -22
3.5 SAMPLE
SIZE- - - - - - - - - - -22
3.6 METHOD
OF DATA COLLECTION - - - - - -- -22
3.6.
METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS - - - - - - - -22
CHAPTER FOUR:
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1
INTRODUCTION - - - - - - - - - -23
4.2 DATA
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS - - - - - - -23
3.3.
RESPONDENT BIO DATA - - - - - - - -24
2.4 DATA
ANALYSIS - - - - - - - - - -28
CHAPTER FIVE:
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1
SUMMARY - - - - - - - - - 30
5.2
CONCLUSION - - -- - - - -- - - - 31
5.3
RECOMMENDATIONS - - - - - - - - 31
BIBLIOGRAPHY - - - - - - - - - 39
APPENDIX - - - - - - - - - -
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:
Development as a concept and process its operation and
efforts has attracted alot of controversy. Generally, development is realized through
factors such as capital accumulation, socio-economic growth and political
stability. There are two major schools of thought in the definition of the
concept of development, the Orthodox Liberal Scholars and the Marxist scholars.
The Orthodox liberal scholars view development as essentially economic growth
or increase in per capita income, percentage of net product and the ratio of
social amenities to the general population. The Marxists on the other hand view
development as equalizing the distribution of income accompanied by a general
upward trend in socioeconomic mobility of the entire society. As such man is
central to the Marxist concept of development. To them, development is not just
catching up with the already industrialized nations of the world through the
procurement of art effect that are believed to emanate from and reflect a
developed status.
Rather these artifacts would not doubt reflect
development only if they are the end products of the efforts of the population as they
apply their capacity to a general transformation of the society to ensure a
better and more rewarding existence.
Conceptually, a consequence of the above arrangement
is the polarization of the world into developed and less developed countries.
In the developed countries for instance USA, Great Britain and Japan, factors
of developments such as Capital accumulation socio-economic growth and political
stability are quite high.
Overtime, therefore, other nations that fall in the
bracket of less developed countries have been consistently struggling to attain
such factors of development. In their efforts at development various measures
have been employed such as the provision of economic and social infrastructure,
introduction of new technology etc. Nigeria being one of the less developed countries
is not left out in the struggle to overcome underdevelopment. Since colonial
times, government efforts at development have used the vehicles of public
enterprises. Overtime therefore, public enterprises have become tools used by
governments in national development. The process of development for any country
therefore, relates to certain factors which govern or influence the state of
the economy. These factors may be in the form of institutional arrangements for
shaping the economy.
The use of public enterprises for development has been
predicated on low level of industrial development, socioeconomic and political
conditions and historical experience. For instance, during the 1970s oil boom,
Nigeria had the resources to rationally expand the public sector investment but
failed to do so. The result of the above weakness was domination of the country’s
economy by foreign capital and therefore less participation by indigenous
entrepreneurs.
Experience in Nigerian Public Enterprises has been
that of limited success. In other words, the performance of these institutions
leaves much to be desired.
Several criticisms put forward against public
enterprises range from ineffectiveness, unjustified or monopolistic operations,
inefficiency and of course the issue of corruption.
Hence it is argued that most public enterprises in
Nigeria should ordinarily be viable and thus do not justify the continuously
huge amount of public funds expended on them. In fact, it would not be far from
the truth to state that no other institution has come under attack than public
enterprises. Other problems confronting public enterprises in Nigeria and Jigawa
state especially include lack of sufficient funds to finance major industrial
projects, hinterland disposition of Jigawa state which makes it far from sea
ports, resulting in huge transportation costs, lack of adequate infrastructural
facilities such as good roads, potable water, electricity etc. There is also
the problem of lack of autonomy in areas of investments, finance and operations
on the part of the management staff as well as corruption and mismanagement.
Therefore, there is the need to seek answers to these
problems mentioned above, because these problems grossly hamper public
enterprise performance.
The central focus of this study therefore is, despite
these major drawbacks, to evaluate the contributions of public enterprises to
socioeconomic development of Nigeria in general and of Jigawa state in particular.
The variables that will be employed for this assessment will be based on the
set objectives of public enterprises selected as our survey sample which are:-
1.2
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
The aim of the study is to identify and evaluate the
contributions of public enterprises to socio-economic development of Jigawa
state. The study aims at the following:
i) To examine the contributions of public enterprises
to economic development in general and that of Jigawa state in particular.
ii) To examine the organization and management of Jigawa
state Transport Corporation and Jigawa Investment and Properties Limited.
iii) To evaluate the contributions of the Jigawa state
Transport Corporation and the Jigawa Investments
to economic development, revenue generation, employment and infrastructural
development.
1.3
Research Questions
1. What
is the historical and current role of public enterprises in Nigeria's socio-economic
development?
2. How
effective are the governance and management structures of public enterprises in
Nigeria in achieving socio-economic development objectives?
3. What
are the future prospects and challenges for public enterprises in Nigeria in
contributing to socio-economic development?
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:
The role of social science in government lies not in
the formulation of social policy but in measurement of its result. There is a
growing need therefore, for evaluation in both public and private organization.
This is especially so in developing countries where evaluation of public program
had been relegated to the background, making it possible for huge resources to
be sunk into white elephant projects.
Nigeria today is trapped in crises of deteriorating
economic conditions measured in terms of widespread unemployment, abject
poverty, exploitation and backwardness among others. The establishment of
public enterprises is to address these problems. The significance of the study,
therefore, is to study selected enterprises sample survey for Jigawa state. it
is the opinion of the researcher that the study will assist the government and
the managements of the organization studied in improving the performance of public enterprises in Jigawa towards higher contribution to socioeconomic
development of the state.
1.5
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY:
National development particularly in a third world
environment is a continuous process. But a study on definite issues likes the
“Evaluation of the Contributions of Public Enterprises to Socio-Economic
Development needs certain confinement in time and space. Our sample survey
involves an evaluation of the contributions of public enterprises to the
socio-economic well being of the people of Jigawa state from 1995 – 2000, A period of five years.
The survey will cover two organizations namely, Jigawa state Corporation and Jigawa Investment and
Properties Limited.
1.6
DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS:
Evaluation:
is the process of assessing and analyzing the effectiveness and efficiency of a
particular project, program, or policy. It involves gathering data, measuring
outcomes, and determining whether the goals and objectives have been achieved.
Evaluation helps identify strengths and weaknesses, provides feedback for
improvement, and informs decision-making.
Contribution:
refers to the act of giving something, such as money, time, or expertise, to a
cause or organization. In the context of socio-economic development,
individuals, businesses, and public enterprises make contributions in various
forms to support initiatives aimed at improving the well-being of society.
Contributions can be financial, in-kind, or through volunteer work, and they
play a vital role in driving positive change and fostering development.
Public
Enterprises: are government-owned or controlled
organizations that operate in the public sector with the aim of fulfilling
specific socio-economic objectives. These enterprises typically provide
essential services such as transportation, healthcare, education, and
utilities. They play a crucial role in driving socio-economic development by
ensuring access to key services for the general public, creating job
opportunities, and contributing to economic growth.
Socio-economic
Development: refers to improving the social and
economic well-being of individuals and communities. It encompasses various
aspects such as poverty alleviation, education, healthcare, infrastructure
development, and employment generation. Socio-economic development aims to
create a sustainable and inclusive society where everyone has access to basic
needs, opportunities for growth, and a better quality of life. It requires the
collective efforts of governments, public enterprises, private sector, civil
society, and individuals to address social inequalities and promote economic
progress.
Development:
The quantum of “development” cannot be strictly minimized to only one or two
variables and its characteristics are apparently dynamic Geographically and
ideologically the world was divided into two hemispheres the capitalist
oriented group and the socialist oriented group -each with its own indices of
development. Hence any group which is not having one characteristic of another
is considered underdeveloped by the opposite group.
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