THE EFFECT OF CHILD ABUSE ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF POST PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS IN OF ORUMBA SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ANAMBRA STATE

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Product Code: 00005832

No of Pages: 49

No of Chapters: 5

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ABSTRACT

The study was carried out to determine the effects of child abuse on academic achievement of post primary school pupils in Orumba South Local Government Area of Anambra State and also the ways for preventing or eradicating child abuse. The researcher adopted survey research design and sampled two hundred and ninety students and teachers of JSIII from the five chosen schools out of nine schools. The total population was 2,897 (two thousand, eight hundred and ninety-seven) students and teachers and the ten percent were used for the sampling. An instrument styled students-teachers opinion questionnaire and research questions were used to guide the study towards achieving appropriate results. It was found from the data analysis, that child abuse includes physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse and neglect which were attributed to domestic violence, single parenthood, and lack of parenting skills and low socio-economic status while others are seen as deliberate act. From the findings, it was discovered that child abuse leads to cognitive impaired (including having a lower intellectual quotient and cognitive development; lower grades and educational achievement) and low self-esteem. Based on that, it was recommended that government should support public awareness program on the ills of child abuse to the society and family planning exercise should also be enforced upon every couples so that family con procreate the number of children they can properly care for.




TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page            -        -        -        -        -        -                           i

Approval page   -        -        -        -  -    -        -        -                   ii

Certification        -        -        -        -        -        -       -        -         iii

Dedication          -        -        -        -      -        -        -                   iv

Acknowledgements    -        -        -        -                -                   v

Table of Contents                        -        -        -        -        -          vi

Abstract              -        -             -        -        -        -                   viii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study     -        -       -       -        -        -          1

Statement of the Problem    -        -               -        -                    3

Purpose of the Study           -        -        -      -        -                    3

Research Questions   -        -        -        -      -        -                    4

Significance of the Study     -        -        -      -        -                    4

Scope of the Study     -        -        -      -        -        -                    5

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Conceptual Framework      -   - -       -        -        -                    6    

Forms of Child Abuse          -        -        -       -      -                     8

Causes of Child Abuse        -        -             -        -                    10

Effects of Child Abuse on academic achievement of students -12

Eradication or Prevention of Child Abuse            -                    14

Theoretical Framework        -        -            -        -                    16

Empirical Framework  -            -        -        -        -                    17

Summary of Literature Review     -             -        -                    18

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design        -        -        -        -        -                         20

Area of study      -        -        -        -    -      -        -                     20 

Population of the study        -        -  -        -        -                      21

Sample and sampling techniques     ---    -        -                      21

Instrument for data collection        -   ---    -        -                      23

Validation of the instrument      -    -          -        -                      23

Reliability of the instrument      -    -        ---        -                      23

Method of data collection       -        -        -        -                      24

Method of data analysis           -             - -  - -   -                      24

Decision rule                             -                        -                      26

Chapter Four: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

Research question 1-    -        -        -        -        -                      26

Research question 2  -          -        -        -        -                       27

Research question 3  -        -            -        -        -                     28

Summary of findings   -        -  -        -        -        -                     30

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Discussion of findings         - -- -  -  -  -        -     -  - - - - -          31

Conclusion                                    -  -        -        -                     33

Implication of the study                 -  -        -        -                     33

Recommendations                       -  -        -        -                      34

Limitation of the study                  -  -        -        -                      35

Suggestions for further studies    -  -        -        -                      35

Reference                                    -  -        -        -                      36

Appendix   -        -                            -        -        -                      40

 

  

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

It has been a primary objective of principals and teachers in schools to make their students attain a high standard of academic achievement. However, many factors hinder the attainment of such a good objective. One of such factors has been identified as related to child abuse among students. There is a general outcry nowadays among educators, parents and even the government about the decline in the academic performance of students in Nigerian secondary school at large.

Ogaigal, (2012) observed that there was a fall in the academic achievement of students. This poor achievement was evident in the result of previous West African Examination as well as the Senior School Certificate Examination. The trend up till now, has been a gradual deterioration from year to year. Thus, some educators have been concerned about how to improve students’ academic achievement. In attributing causes for poor achievement, Olaofe (2011) mentioned three factors namely, the tender age at which children now attend school compared with the age at which parents did, the poor understanding of English language by the students, and the employment of inappropriate categories of teachers in secondary schools.

Other researchers such as Adediran, (2012) also identified other causes like shortage of teachers in schools, non-availability of teaching materials, the use of unqualified teachers, lack of adequate supervision, indiscipline, truancy and student's degree of self-concept.

From the various causes mentioned so far, it seems that Nigerian researchers and educators have not given great attention to behavioural exhibition like child abuse. However, Ige (2010) observed that school achievement of children could be predicted from child abuse as well as from other attitudinal, school, family or teacher variables. Thus, it is worthwhile to examine if child abuse affects academic achievement. Child abuse, according to Ige (2011) includes psychological maltreatment that threatens the child's emotional development. In this part of world, the term child abuse has little or no meaning to many people especially those in the rural areas and who particularly indulge in child labour. Child labour here refers to what some parents do when they give work to be performed by children that either endangers their health or safety, interfere with or prevent their education or keeps them from play and other activity necessary for their development. Other forms of child abuse include early child marriage, malnutrition, sexual abuse, separation from parents, physical and psychological maltreatment in the family (Patron 2013).

Estimates of the prevalence of child abuse very widely depending on the definition used, while most developed nations have laws requiring that cases of abuse be reported to law enforcement agencies, there is practically nothing being done about the issue in third world countries. As a result, so many cases of child abuse go unreported. It seems that many people are ignorant of the term child abuse.

Some of the incidence of child abuse with their various effects includes, the home socio-economic condition where malnutrition, poverty and child labour exists. This in most cases leads to prolonged illness and non-availability of textbooks. Also according to Ige (2005)        parental neglect, that is, when the child lives with guardians, like step parents and in welfare institution is another form of child abuse. The effects of this in most cases include fear of foster-parents, school insecurity, malnutrition and child labour. There are also cases of unsatisfactory home backgrounds that is divorced parents, alcoholics as parents and care free parents. The effects of these includes insecurity truancy and non-chalant attitude on the part of students.

Since these causes and their various effects are still here with us today, it is worthwhile then to examine how these may have damaging effects on children's academic achievement.

 

Statement of the Problem

Child abuse has a deteriorating effect on child development. This becomes obvious when one view, it from treatment meted to the children from broken homes, and mere parental neglect.

The following are some abuses meted on children

·                    Child prostitution through hawking.

·                    Inadequate care for the children by parent and guardian in terms of providing basic needs.

·                    Exposure to danger of death or harm through kidnapping.

·                    Deprivation of certain children's right both in the home and at school.

 

Purpose of the Study

This study is to investigate the various forms of child abuse and how these relate to students achievement in JSS III. Specifically, the study sought to determine the following:

i.             To determine the practices that constitute child abuse and some of its causes.

ii.            To examine the effects of child abuse on academic achievement of the children in post primary schools in Orumba South

iii.           Ascertain the ways of preventing or eradicating child abuse in post primary schools.

Research Questions

The following research questions guided the researcher in this study.

1.           What are the practices that constitute to child abuse in post primary schools in Orumba South Local Government Area?

2.           What are the effects of child abuse on academic achievement of the children of post primary schools in Orumba South?

3.           In what ways can child abuse be prevented or eradicated in post primary schools in Orumba South Local Government Area?

 

Significance of the study

The findings of this study will benefit parents/students, peer groups, government and educational personnels to have alternative way of child rearing without abuse. There will be improvement on children enrolment in the school as the findings of the study will be known to the society at large.

Education Personnel: This study will also help the educational personnel's to comprehend what causes child abuse (such like working in the teacher's farm during school hours, sex abuse by senior students, lack of teaching aids etc), its perpetuating force and effect. So that they will know where and how to fight it.

Peer Group: This study will help the peer groups to dissociate themselves from bad behaviors. It will lead them to comprehend that the abused child is never happy, always in need of help.

The Government: It will also help the government to know the various forms of child abuse, the implications of its social ill and formulate suitable policies which will finally help to reduce problem of child abuse and highlight child's right.

 

Scope of the Study

The study is delimited to the effect of child abuse on academic achievement of post primary school students in Orumba South Local Government Area of Anambra State.


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