ABSTRCT
This study investigated the Influence
of student support services on students’ academic performance in College of
Education Ikere-Ekiti.
A total of 200 respondents were
randomly selected from Ikere-Ekiti College of Education. An Instrument titled
“Influence of Student Support Services on Students’ Academic Performance
Questionnaire (ISSSSAPQ)” was administered to the respondents in order to
gather relevant data.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Statistics was used to test the four null hypothesis formulated and where the
result of ANOVA showed a significant difference a post-hoc analysis was used to
determine the group(s) that contributed to the significant difference. All null
hypothesis were tested at 0.05 alpha level of significance. The findings showed
that the major factors that determine the academic performance of students in
College of Education Ikere-Ekiti was “efficient student affairs unit in the
college” with a mean score of 3.24, which ranked 1st , while the
least factor was “ regular power supply in the college” with mean score of
21.77, which also ranked 21st.
The findings also reveled that there
was no significant difference based on Gender, Age, Level and Schoo l. Based on
the findings recommendations were made for implementation.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of
Contents
List of Table
Abstract
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to
the Study
Statement of the
Problem
Research
Objectives
Research
Questions
Research
Hypotheses
Purpose of the
Study
Significance of
the Study
Scope and
Limitation of the Study
Definition of
Terms
CHAPTER
TWO
REVIEW
OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical
Framework
Meaning of
student Support Services
Students
Unpleasant Behaviour
Influence of
student Support Services on students’
Academic
Performance
Conceptual Frame
Work
Appraisal of the
Literature Review
CHAPTER
THREE
RESEARCH
METHODS
Research Design
Population,
Sample and Sampling Techniques
Research
Instrument
Validity and
Reliability of the Instrument
Procedure for
Data Administration and Collection
Method of Data
Analysis
CAHTPER
FOUR
Result
Preamble
Summary of the
Findings
CHAPTER
FIVE
DISCUSSION,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Preamble
Discussion of
the Findings
Conlusion
Recommendation
Suggestions for
Further Studies
References
Appendix
LIST
OF TABLE
Table
1: Percentage Distribution of Respondents Based on Gender
Table 2: Percentage
Distribution of Respondents Based on Age
Table 3: Percentage Distribution of Respondents Based
on NCE Level
Table 4:
Percentage Distribution of Respondents Based on School
Table 5: Mean and Rank Order on the
Respondents’ View on the influence of students Support Services On Students’
academic perfomaace in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti
Table 6: Mean, Standard Deviation
and t-value on the respondent’s view on Influence of Student support services
on Studetns’ academic performance in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti
Table 7: Analyis of Variance
(ANOVA) showing the respondents’ view on the influence of students support
services on students’ academic performance in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti
Table 8: Analyis of Variance
(ANOVA) Showing the respondents’ view on the influence of student support
services on stuents’ academic performance in college of education, Ikere-Ekiti
Table 9: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) Showing
the respondents’ view on the influence of students support services on stdents'
academic performance in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
to the Study
Education as a
socialization process has been variously defined by various authors and writers
and all of them agree that it is the basis for development. Ogunlade (2011)
defined education as the process of not just acquiring knowledge, but the
acquisition of the art of utilization of knowledge. It is indeed a life-long
process that aims at imparting the skills needed to live a purposeful life. In
other words, it is a process by which a sound mind in a sound body is
developed. Therefore, for education to be worthwhile, it must be able to
produce a refined mind, body and soul. Hence, education is a crucial factor in
the social, economic, political and technological development of any nation.
The importance of education is to impart
knowledge in learners and expected short or long term benefit.
In this
regard, education transforms an
individual from the state of ignorance and underdevelopment to a completely new
person who is knowledgeable, cultured, well developed and self realized. It
refers to social economic and political change, which make an individual to
adapt to various changes in the environment such as technological and scientific
change (Oyedeji, 2012; Jessica,2010)
Nigerian higher educational
institutions are established with the aim of giving any student who enrolls a
very sound qualitative education to be able to function effectively in any
environment in which he/she may find himself/herself, so as to become more
productive, self-fulfilling and attain self-actualization.
Colleges
of Education, according to the objectives of their establishment, are meant to
produce well-qualified teachers for the lower forms of secondary schools and
the upper classes of primary schools (Ukeje 1996, NPE 2004). Colleges of
Education to award the Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) to School
certificate holders after three years of successful training. NCE candidate
spends three (3) years with Teaching Practice expirence. The Federal Republic
of Nigeria in the National Policy on Education (2004) stipulated that the NCE
will ultimately become the minimum qualification for teaching in the Nation.
This implies that all primary school teachers must possess the NCE before they
can be allowed to teach at that basic level. The year 1998 was set as the target
date for realizing this policy objective but it was not realized. As at that
date according to
Ajayi (2007)
over 40% of our primary school teachers were yet to be professionally
qualified, many of them still possessed the teachers Grade II Certificate
especially in the Northern part of the country. Again, the target date was
shifted to 2006, yet, the target was not met. In the coming years, this policy
thrust poses great challenges to our teacher preparation programme.
Section
9 of the National Policy on Education stated the purpose of Teacher Education
as followings:
(a) To
provide highly motivated, conscientious and efficient classroom teachers for
all levels of our educational system
(b) To encourage further the spirit of
enquiry and creativity in teachers
(c) To
help teachers fit into the social life of the community and society at
large and to enhance their commitment
to national objectives.
(d) To
provide teachers with the intellectual and professional background adaptable to
any changing situation not only in the life of their country but in the wider
world.
(e) To enhance teachers’ commitment to the
teaching profession.
Nigerian Colleges of Education are finding it
extremely difficult to achieve the highlighted goals because of the myriad of
problems that are confronting them. These difficulties are largely due to the
problems which students who enroll in these institutions either face or cause
irrespective of their family background. This problem ranges from cultism,
examination malpractices and a host of other anti-social behaviours.
It
is a general belief that in the administration of College of education,
students have one problem or the other as far as their academic work is concerned.
To solve these problems, there is need for the establishment of well organized
student support services. Student support services aims at providing some
services to the students so as to enhance their learning process. These
services includes: regular supply of water, electricity, accommodation,
transportation, health, catering service, guidance and counselling services.
Student support services are
provided in order to encourage positive thinking and actions that would
compliment the attainment of their academic pursuit and choices of future
career among the students. The importance of student support services cannot be
over-emphasized in the socio-economic life of the student. Those services are
provided to find out student problems
so as to proffer appreciable solution to the problems. The Guidance and
counselling services are the core–service of the students support services.
Also, a well equipped clinic will
equally contribute to the health care of the students as it will help to solve
their health problems. Adequate provision of water and electricity will enhance
their wellbeing on campus, provision of catering services and accommodation is
of great importance to the students.
If
the above services and other services are satisfactorily provided, the academic
performance of the students will yield positive result, it will also influence
positive response from the students in terms of their performance. That is,
their performance would be in agreement with the norms of the services provided
by the institution. Inadequate provision of the above services might lead to poor
academic performance and unruly behaviour among the students, such as riot, unhealthy
demonstration, destruction of school properties, break down of law and order
thereby obstructing academic learning, hence leading to the closure of the
school.
It
can therefore be deduced that adequate provision of student support services
plays a vital role in any higher institution as it helps to complement
effective teaching and learning as well as students welfare on the campus. It
is in the light of this, that this study seeks to examine student support
services and its influence on academic performance of the students in College
of Education, Ikere-Ekiti.
Statement
of the Problem
Students of
tertiary institutions in Nigeria are facing myriad of problems of which students
in College of Education Ikere-Ekiti are also included. The problems range from
poor or irregular water supply, inadequate hostel accommodation, poorly
equipped school library to poorly equipped health centre.
Similarly, irregular
water supply is one of the major problems faced by the students of college of
education Ikere- Ekiti. During the dry season especially, most of the student will
have to wake as early as 4 0’ clock in the morning and go into the town to
fetch water, while they were suppose to be awake to read their books. Because
of the daily stress most of them pass through in search for water, it becomes almost
impossible for many of them not to be weak and lack concentration in the class
during lectures and consequently this have negatively affected their academic
performances.
However, it has also been asserted
that inadequate hostel accommodation is one of the causes of poor performances
among the students of College of Education Ikere-Ekiti. This was further proven
when some students in the same institution attested that seven or eight of them
were swaddled in a room meant for four students. Consequently, this unhealthy
situation has caused catalogues of misunderstanding among the students, between
the students and the school management and also leads to students unrest and
rioting in the school which in turn have aborted their aims of enrolling in the
same institution and their performances is nothing to write home about.
Furthermore, poor transportation
services provided to the students have also affected their academic
performances negatively. This is because the buses provided to convey the
students to the school are inadequate, while most of them that live off campus
complained bitterly that they do trek more than one hour every day before they
could get to the lecture rooms and the service they paid for were not
adequately provided to them.
Poor electricity supply is another bottleneck
that have affected academic performances
of the students of College of Education Ikere-Ekiti. Since the students are
faced with constant epileptic power supply and most of them cannot afford to
buy kerosene lamps, they are only left with the option of studying in the day
time, while they use the whole night to sleep when they were suppose to be
awake to read their books.
Not only that, the school library
that is poorly furnished has immensely affected the academic performances of
the students of College of Education Ikere-Ekiti, this is because enviable
materials which the students needs to get solid or vital information for
research during and after school examination and also for research project are
not adequately provided. Hence, the students are left alone to wonder about in
search for such materials and in most cases they do not get them.
Finally, poor health services which
cannot be overlooked have also been seen as one of the major causes of poor
academic performances of the students of College of Education in Ikere-Ekiti.
In a normal school system the students has free access to medical services in the
school, at least the medical center must provide health services round the
clock, seven days in a week so that students suffering from one ailment or the
other can be provided with drugs in respect to such ailment as suffered. But
these services are not adequately provided and its consequences tell negatively
on the academic performances of the students.
The importance
attached to student support services in school administration made the
researcher to extend the frontiers of knowledge by examining student support
services and students’ academic performances in College of Education,
Ikere-Ekiti.
Research
Objectives
Based
on the statement of problem ,the following objetives are raised
1.To investigate
the influence of student support services on students’ academic
performance in College of Education Ikere-Ekiti
2.To identify
the student support services available and effective at College of Education,
Ikere-Ekiti
3.To make
adequate suggestion that will improve the workability of the student support
services on the academic performance of the students in the college.
Research
Questions
On the basis of
the study objectives outlined above, five questions were formulated. These are:
1.
What is the influence of student support
services on students’ academic performance in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti?
2.
Is there any difference in the influence
of student support services on students’academic performance in College of
Education, Ikere-Ekiti on the basis of Gender?
3.
Is there any difference in the influence
of student support services on students’academic performance in College of
Education, Ikere-Ekiti on the basis of Age?
4.
Is there any difference in the influence
of student support services on students’academic performance in College of
Education, Ikere-Ekiti on the basis of
NCE Level?
5.
Is there any difference in the influence
of student support services on students’academic performance in College of
Education, Ikere-Ekiti on the basis of
School?
Research
Hypotheses
The
following research hypotheses were formulated to guide the study.
Main
Hypothesis
There
is no significant relationship between student support services and its
influence on academic performance of student in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti.
Operational
Hypotheses
HO1: There
is no significant difference in the influence of student support services on
students’ academic performance in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti on the
basis of Gender.
HO2:There is no
significant difference in the influence of student support services on
students’ academic performance in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti on the
basis of age.
HO3: There
is no significant difference in the influence of students support services on
students’ performance in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti on the basis of
level.
HO4 There
is no significant difference in the influence of student support services on
students’ performance in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti on the basis of School.
Purpose
of the Study
The purpose of
this study is to investigate the relationship between student support services
and its influence on the students’ academic performance in College of
Education, Ikere-Ekiti.
Also to find out if inadequate
provision of the student support services is significantly influencing the
students’ academic performances in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti.
The study also aims at determining the
adequacy or inadequacy of students support services that are provided in the
College of Education.
Finally to find solutions to
problems of student support services in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti and
to give recommendation based on the research findings.
Significance
of the Study
The relevance of
the study is that the findings would be of immense benefit to the management of
the College of Education in order to understand the present state of student
support services and it influence on the academic performance of students
towards those services with the aims of improving on the services.
This
study would assist in finding solution to the problems of students’ academic
poor performance through effective and efficient provision of student support
services.
The
result obtained from this study can possibly prompt government and the College
authority to take and implement decisions that would help improve the student
support services which in turn would help influence the academic performance of
the students in desirable manner.
Finally,
the out-come of this study would be of use to those who may wish to research
into this study in future.
Scope
and Limitation of the Study
The study will
examine the relationship between student support services and it’s influence on
students’ academic performances in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti. The
population comprised the 7825 students on the campus, while the sample
comprised 200 students. Student support services (Independent Variable) have
the following indicators, namely Provision of guidance and counselling
services, provision of water supply, accommodation, libraries, school clinics
and other services. While academic performance (dependent variable),could also
be determined based on the services provided by the school management. Such
services also include counselling services, guidance services, provision of
water supply, accommodation, libraries, school clinc etc
Definition
of Terms
For the purpose
of this study the following terms were operationally defined.
Student
support services: These are out-of-classroom services
designed to make classroom work effective so that each student might fully
realize his or her potential, such as greater performances, better reading,comprehension
and so on.
Academic:
Is used to describe things that relate to the work done in schools, colleges
and universities, especially work which involves studying and reasoning rather
than practical or technical skills
Performance:
The
accomplishment of a given task measured against preset known standards of
accuracy, completeness, cost and speed. In a contract, performance is deemed to
be the fulfillment of an obligation, in a manner that releases the performer
from all liabilities under the contract.
Influence:
The
power to change or affect someone or something: the power to cause changes
without directly forcing them to happen: a person or thing that affects some or
something in an important way.
Academic
performance: most people know that academic
performance generally refers to how well a student is accomplishing his or her
tasks and studies, but there are quite a number of factors that determine the
level and quality of students academic performance grades.
Certainly the most well known indicator
of academic performance grades are the students “score’’ for their classes and
overall tenure.
It would be difficult to perform
well in class if the student doesn’t attend. In public grade schools,
attendance is compulsory and numerous unexcused absences may lead to notifying
the students’ parents, barring or make-up work for missed assignment and tests
or direct effects on grades.
It would also be difficult for the
students to perform well in the class if the school management did not provide
necessary service.
Students
Unrest: This can be described as the state of discontent or
trouble making by the students such as riot, violent demonstration on campus
amidst the students.
Cultism:
Can
be defined as a form of organization in which activities of members are
exclusively kept away from the knowledge or view of others.
Examination
Malpractices: Can be described as the act of cheating
in an examination by the students. Using micro-chips (expo), copying from
others popularly known as giraffe in an examination hall.
Rape:
This
can be defined as having sexual intercourse with the male/female students
without his/her consent. Also rape can be described as the un-lawful compelling
of a person through physical force or duress to have sexual intercourse.
Anti-social
Behaviour: This can be defined as un-pleasant
behaviours shown by the students that are inimical to the progress of the
institution. Such as student unrest, cultism, examination malpractices,
demonstrations and so on. In other words, anti-social behaviours can be seen as
negative behaviour or social disorders.
Guidance:
The term guidance in every language has always carried the connotation of help
given to an individual or group of individuals in areas of personal, social,
educational and vocational concerns. From the school point of view, guidance can be defined as a total programme of highly specialized
activities, implemented by all staff members to help individual make wise intelligent
choices and decisions.
Counselling:
Can
be defined as “ the process in which one
person assists another person in a person-to-person or face-to-face encounter’’.
This assistance, may take many forms such as: educational, vocational, social,
recreational, emotional and moral. Also, counselling can be defined as “an enlightened process whereby people help
people by facilitating growth, development and positive change through an exercise of self understanding’’
Guidance
and Counseling Services: This can be conceived as advisory
services given to students either as individual or as a group to assist them in
solving their problems, and adjust meaningfully to the environment.
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