AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN JOB CREATION IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF DUTSE ULTRA MODERN MARKET)

The study is titled the impact of entrepreneurship development on job creation in Nigeria: A case study of Dutse Ultra-modern Market, this research is planned into five chapters. Chapter one present background of the study that establish the need of the study and the set forth it is purpose. It also present the statement of the problem, the objectives, the significance of the study, statement of hypothesis, scope of the study and plan of the study. Chapter two deals with the literature review on the conceptual framework, concept of entrepreneurship, concept of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria, the concept of entrepreneurship philosophy, the concept of unemployment, empirical studies, development and economic growth entrepreneurship role on entrepreneurial activities, role of Supporting institution in entrepreneurship development and unemployment, theoretical framework, economic entrepreneurship theories and the psychological entrepreneurship theories. In chapter three, the research discuss the method and techniques of sampling, data collection and data analysis used in this research work which help in finding answers to the Research questions and to achieve the stated objectives of the research, simple random, sampling technique is the adopted sampling method for the research, a sample size of 89 selected entrepreneurs . Chapter four discusses data analysis and presentation of result on survey data collected using questionnaire. The researcher was also able to test the research hypothesis that was tested. 

Title page…………………………………….………..………………………………………

Approval page……………………………………..…….……………………………………

Declaration page……………………………………………………………………………

Certification……………………………………………………………………………………

Dedication……………………………………………………………………………...………

Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………….…

Table of contents…………………………………………………………………………..…

List of tables………………………………………………………………………………….

Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………

1.1 Background of the study…………………………………………………………………

1.2 Statement of research problem…………………………………………………

1.3 objectives of the study…………………………………………………

1.4 Research question…………………………………………………

1.5 Research hypothesis…………………………………………………

1.6 Significance of the study…………………………………………………

1.7 Scope of the study………………………………………………

1.8 Limitation of the study…………………………………………………

1.9 Definitions of terms…………………………………………………

2.1 Introduction…………………………………………………

2.2 Conceptual framework…………………………………………………

2.2.1  The concept of entrepreneurship…………………………………………………

2.2.2 The concept of entrepreneurship development…………………………………

2.2.3 Entrepreneurship development in Nigeria…………………………………………………

2.2.4 The concept of entrepreneur philosophy…………………………………………………

2.2.5 The concept of unemployment…………………………………………………

2.2.5.1 Types and causes of unemployment…………………………………………………

2.3 Empirical studies…………………………………………………

2.3.1 Entrepreneurial development and economic development………………………

2.3.2 Entrepreneurship development and job creation………………………………

2.3.3 Entrepreneurial development and poverty reduction……………………………

2.3.4 Entrepreneurship and economic growth…………………………………………………

2.3.6 Role of supporting institutions in entrepreneurship development……………………

2.4 Theoretical framework…………………………………………………

2.4.1 Economic entrepreneurship theories…………………………………………………

2.4.1.1 Classical theory…………………………………………………

2.4.1.2 Neoclassical theory…………………………………………………

2.4.1.3 Australian market process (amp) …………………………………………………

2.4.2 Psychological entrepreneurship theories…………………………………………

2.4.2.1 Personality trait theory…………………………………………………

2.4.3 Sociological entrepreneurial theory…………………………………………………

2.4.4 Anthropological entrepreneur theory…………………………………………………

2.4.5 Opportunity based entrepreneurship theory……………………………………………

2.4.6 Resource based entrepreneurship theory………………………………………………

2.4.7 Summary…………………………………………………

3.1 Introduction…………………………………………………

3.2 Research design…………………………………………………

3.3 Population and sampling…………………………………………………

3.3.1 The population…………………………………………………

3.3.2 The sample…………………………………………………

3.4 Data collection instruments and measurement……………………………………………

3.4.1 Source of data…………………………………………………

3.4.2 Instrument…………………………………………………

3.4.3 Independent variable………………………………………………

3.4.4 Dependent variable…………………………………………………

3.5 Data analysis techniques…………………………………………………

3.6 Summary…………………………………………………

4.1 Introduction…………………………………………………

4.2 Data presentation………………………………………………

4.4 Test of hypothesis…………………………………………………

4.5 Summary…………………………………………………

5.1 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………….

5.2 Recommendations……………………………………………………………………

5.3 Conclusions………………………………………………………………………………….

References…………………………………………………………………………………

Questionnaire…………………………………………………………………………………

It is generally known that small-scale business at the engines of every Development Academy and they provide the best opportunity for job creation and half for thousands of people who have good ideas but lack the financial support to implement their dreams in big ways, between every large firms, industries or corporations and the consumers there are thousands of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) orbusinesses whose existence provide the solid foundation under planning of most of the economy of the world. The near absence of such enterprises or failure to give them necessary policy attention they deserve usually results in the economic problems for a country (Aruwa 2004).

Experience for entrepreneurship development in every country provides the brightest for generating jobs. Nigeria, like any other developing country with relatively low per capita income, looks into entrepreneurship development. One of the most critical development issues in Nigeria revolves around the need to design and implement policies and strategies for an effective competitive and diversified industrial system. This is particularly important when one considers the countries endowment. Therefore, think less of small and medium scale business but a clear examination will show that small and medium scale Business Ventures are also extremely important in our societal development.

Most of today's business giants Started From dreams and dedication of perhaps 1 person, why backbone of our economic system and on those business e.g. (oil and steel companies’etc.) and medium-scale Industries constitute the muscle that enable such business competitors.

Government of Nigeria in realisation of the importance of small-scale medium Industries to the development of the economy in the first national development plan (1962 to 1968) then introduced import substitution Industries. In the second national development plan in early 1980s the main strategies of the industrial policy while foreign exchange policy and trade regulations investment incentives and special incentives to provide credit and technical assistance to small scale Industries. Under the structural adjustment programme (sap) framework, having recognised expenditure with increases revenue from Petroleum was launched in 1989 which emphasizes direct government realisation process for the first time, define small and medium-scale Enterprises are the main focus and strategy for the development of the goal of economic self-reliance. This is why in recent years particularly since the adaptation of economic reform programme in Nigeria in 1986 there had been cry for the from the grandiose capital-intensive scale industry entrepreneurs which have the potential for developing domestic linkage for rapid sustainable industrial development. The danger is that the absence of good entrepreneurs in the economy the system will not be able to stimulate any form of expansion. The Nigerian economy had expressed a prolonged recession leaving millions of Nigerians unemployed with many social problems let's not forget that developed countries such as South Korea Japan and United States of America used to and continue to rely on the entrepreneurship development as a veritable source of their economic growth (Adewale 2002).

The importance of entrepreneurship development in the revitalization of the Nigerian economy cannot be overstated because this is some of the bedrock of economic growth and prosperity in any progressive economy. Statistics have shown that 98% of workers in Great Britain are in the small and medium Enterprises (SME)entrepreneurship development sector, in India the figure is 80% and is rising. Firms have been promoting indigenous technology and utilisation of raw materials through the processing of well input (Adewale 2002). It is the anticipated contribution of entrepreneurship development of the country that promoted the choice of the research topic.

The idea for the establishment of the National directorate of employment (NDE) was conceived with special emphasis to create employment to the Nigerian youth through self-reliance and entrepreneurship, like a reoccurring disease this is a national concern.

This study therefore attempt to investigate the challenges and prospects as well as the impacts of entrepreneurship development in reversing the trend of unemployment in Nigeria especially at this period of economic competition and globalisation.

The main purpose of this research work is to examine the impact of entrepreneurship development on job creation in Nigeria.

Other specific objectives are to;

This research intends to answer the following questions;

Below null hypothesis was formulated to address the objectives stated and to answer questions research.

Ho: Entrepreneurship development does not have significant impact on job creation in Nigerian economy.

Entrepreneurship is a cornerstone of development strategies for emerging economies, it has garnered support among a broad spectrum of scholars, policymakers and government (Nigeria 2009).

The relevance of the study in simplicity based on its ability to assist policy-makers to formulate formal policy supportive of informal service operators, especially against the background that knowledge acquired from entrepreneurship development sharpens the sector operators thereby to increase job creation. The significant of the study cannot be overemphasized.

The study is also significant in the following ways;

This is concerned with impact of entrepreneurship development creation and employment generation in Nigeria with special reference to Jigawa State. The study will concentrate on Enterprises within Dutse Ultra-modern Market only due to the High concentration of the entrepreneurs within the municipality. The study will cover period of five years spanning from 2005-2017.

In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher encountered some challenges. These include unavailability of sufficient, inability to access the required materials for the completion of the work, lack of time in meeting with the deadline for submission of the work and others. Nonetheless, such challenges were not allowed to diminish the enthusiasms level in accomplishing stated objectives and hypothesis.

Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching and running a new business, which is often initially a small business. The people who create these businesses are called entrepreneurs. 

Entrepreneur: An entrepreneur is an individual who creates a new business, bearing most of the risks and enjoying most of the rewards. The entrepreneur is commonly seen as an innovator, a source of new ideas, goods, services, and business/or procedures.

Job Creation: The process of creating new jobs, especially to provide work for people who are unemployed:

Job: A job, or occupation, is a person's role in society. More specifically, a job is an activity, often regular and often performed in exchange for payment ("for a living"). 

Employment: Employment is a relationship between two parties, usually based on a contract where work is paid for, where one party, which may be a corporation, for profit, not-for-profit organization, co-operative or other entity is the employer and the other is the employee.

Unemployment: Unemployment, or joblessness, is a situation in which able-bodied people who are looking for a job cannot find a job.