ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to research
project on practice of unhealthy eating habits among adolescent in Danjuma community. A descriptive study design was
used for this research and questionnaires were used to collect data. one
hundred and ten (110) questionnaires were administered and one hundred and five
(105) were retrieved for analysis. generally, it has been established that the
factors affecting the feeding patterns of adolescent in Danjuma is mainly due
to lack of finance because majority of the respondents have great knowledge
about feedings. Otherwise, parents try to provide as much as they can although
sometimes, they are left with no option but to consider the income before
thinking of the adolescent’s food. It was recommended that community should be
encouraged to seek for healthcare before their disease gets worse to reduce
time wasted in hospital caring for the sick. Also, health workers should
emphasize on nutrition during health education
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Title
Page
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledge
iv-v
Abstract vi
Table
of contents
vii-ix
List
of tables
x-xi
Abstract
CHAPTER
ONE
Introduction 1-2
Background
of the study 2-4
Statement
of the problem 4
Aims
of the study 5
Objectives
of the study 5
Significance
of the study
5
Assumptions
5
Definition
of terms 6
CHAPTER
TWO
Literature review 7-16
CHAPTER
THREE
Research
methodology 17
Study
design 17
Study area 17-18
Study
population 18
Sample size
determination 18
Sampling
technique 19
Method of
data collection 19
Data
Analysis
19
Ethical
consideration
20
CHAPTER
FOUR
Data
presentation and analysis 21-26
CHAPTER
FIVE
Discussion, conclusion and
recommendation
Discussion
of findings 27-28
Conclusion 28-29
Recommendation 29
REFERENCE 30-36
APPENDIX 37-38
LIST
OF TABLES
Table 1: Age of the respondents
Table 2: Gender of the respondents
Table 3: Educational status of the respondents
Table 4: Religion status of the respondents
Table 5: Do you used to weigh yourself?
Table 6: Have you received health education on
nutrition?
Table 7: Do
you fall sick often?
Table 8: How often do you fall sick
Table 9: Do you cook yourself?
Table 10: What are the common foods do you feeds on?
Table 11: How many times do you feed in a day?
Table 12: What are your sources of food?
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
Dietary
intake has been linked with obesity in terms of volume, composition, meals’
frequency, snacking habits and diet quality (Agostoni
et al., 2009). Additionally, there is indication that Adolescent is likely
to maintain their dietary habits into adulthood (Agostoni
et al., 2009). Thus, understanding adult’s eating habits is very important
in terms of adult’s health (Scaglioni et al., 2018). There are
some factors that could influence Adolescent eating habits such as the home
food environment, as well as the social environment, contexts where
perceptions, knowledge and eating habits are established (Scaglioni et al., 2018). However,
dietary patterns seem to affect Adolescent most, as parents are the ones who
shape the home food environment and, influence how a Adolescent thinks about
food, and, accordingly, start forming their own food preferences and eating
behavior (Scaglioni et al., 2018). Out of the
dietary habits, family mealtime becomes the main social context in which
Adolescent can eat with their parents, who are considered as their main
role-models (Utter et al., 2007).
Sharing
meals with Adolescent having breakfast together regularly and encouraging
Adolescent to have healthy snacks with moderate restrictions have shown
positive impacts on Adolescent dietary behaviors (Keski et al., 2003). Food consumption preferences are developed early in life
(Ventura et al., 2013). Understanding how Adolescent food consumption
choices are developed has the potential to benefit individuals’ health over
their entire lifetime. Specifically, limiting the consumption of
sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), while increasing the consumption of healthy
food choices such as fruits and vegetables, can have protective effects on
people’s health (Ludwig et al., 2001). In spite of this, Adolescent
across several parts of the world are consuming sugars at an alarming rate,
with Adolescent in the United States (Welsh et al.,
2011), United Kingdom, Mexico, and even Asian
countries such as Taiwan and Singapore consuming SSBs at worrying levels.
Parents
are important socialization agents who play the role of health promoters, role
models, and educators in the lives of their children (Ventura,
2013).
Defined as “processes whereby naïve individuals are taught the skills, behavior
patterns, values, and motivations needed for competent functioning”,
socialization in the context of food consumption involves parents conveying
learning outcomes such as norms, knowledge, attitudes and behaviors to
Adolescent via a range of behaviors (Maccoby, 2014). Among socialization researchers, two
broad concepts have been used to understand parental influence on Adolescent
outcomes (Darling, 2019). First, parental practices are context-specific
strategies parents use to help children achieve goals. Second, general parenting style,
which cuts across behavioral contexts, refers to the general emotional climate
in which these parental practices are situated.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Over the last decades, deep economic, social, and
environmental changes have encouraged the raise of new consumers’ requests
towards food. On the one hand, the increasing consumers’ awareness about food
and the effects it has on citizen-consumer’s health and life has spur
consumers’ interest and consumption towards healthier food products, more
respectful of the environment and of all actors involved in the production
process, namely, more sustainable (Marotta and Nazzaro 2012; Ohe et al. 2014;
Lombardi et al., 2015; Lerro et al. 2016; Marotta et
al. 2017). On the other hand, the consumption of unhealthy foods has
grown among broad segments of society, consequence of the adjustments in
citizen-consumer’s lifestyles resulting from the economic and social changes
affecting modern society (McKenzie 2016). For instance, longer and
stressful working days have reduced the time available for meal preparation
affecting citizen-consumer’s eating habits too (Buckley et al., 2007).
The result is the reduction of meat, fruit, and vegetables consumption, in
favor of a higher demand of tastier high-fat foods such as convenience food,
salty snacks, and take-away foods (Somogyi, 2020). A further aspect to
consider is the new structure of family, smaller than the past and mainly
consisting of single (Buckley et al., 2007).
The effects, similar to those previously observed, are the
lower propensity to meal preparation at home and the growing demand for
convenience foods, often single-serving (De Boer et al., 2004). The
increasing rate consumption of convenience foods, mostly high in fat, as well
as the lower propensity to meal preparation at home are acknowledged as causes
of overweight and obesity (Mancini et al., 2012), in particular
among Adolescent. The resulting negative externalities are both in terms of
social and environmental costs (Telese et al., 2016). The former
(social costs) are estimated at about €70 billion per year in Europe
(Brambila-Macias et al. 2011) and €9 billion per year in Italy
(EASO 2015). Further, it is expected to dramatically increase as the
steady growth of overweight and obese population, growing up to 20% among
adults and up to 15.5% among Adolescent leaving in OECD countries.
The environmental costs, instead, are difficult to
determine as they are mainly indirect costs. The latter are either due to the
depletion of natural resources (e.g., environmental exploitation and water
pollution) or to the use of chemicals and fertilizers to boost crop production.
Further, food transportation from field to fork and a diet based on a large
consumption of animal proteins are both responsible to put large amount of
carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, which has detrimental effect
on the environment too (Telese et al., 2016). To address these
issues and promote a more sustainable and responsible consumption, a strategic
approach aimed at investigating citizen-consumer’s characteristics able to
encourage specific food habits and lifestyles is needed.
AIM OF
THE STUDY
The aim
of the study is to examine the practices of unhealthy eating habits among adolescent in Dajuma Community.
STATEMENT
OF PROBLEM
Poor
eating habits include under- or over-eating, not having enough of the healthy
foods we need each day, or consuming too many types of food and drink, which
are low in fibre or high in fat, salt and/or sugar. Adolescent does not take balance diet and this may be endangering their
health. Adolescent were not knowledgeable on how to prepare to balance diet. They
prefer buying themselves sugary foods. Therefore, this study wants to examine
practices of unhealthy eating habits among adolescent
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The
objective of this study is to;
1. Investigate
the practices
of unhealthy eating habits among adolescent in
Danjuma Community, Akure.
2. To
examine the role of adolescent in eating habit Danjuma Community, Akure.
3. To
investigate how eating habit influence the adeolesent academic performance
in school in
the study area.
4. To investigate the causes
of poor eating habit in the study area.
RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
1. What is the practice of
unhealthy eating habits among adolescent in
Danjuma Community, Akure.?
2. Is there relationship between the role of parents and their
children’s proper eating habit in Danjuma Community, Akure?
3. Is there any means in
which eating habit influence the Adolescent
academic performance in school in the study area?
4. What are the causes of
poor eating habit in the study area?
ASSUMPTIONS
·
Adolescent eat more even if they were satisfying
·
The adolescent needs to
eat a high volume of food so that they can have stamina
·
The adolescent is
expected to do what they can do when they are still young.
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
This
study will be a good advantage for those Adolescent that does not pay attention
to their eating habit. this study will also serve as an instruction guideline
for health educators. This study will
also help to improve the health of the public. It will also help to reduce the
prevalent of malnutrition in the community. This study will also serve as a
base knowledge for other researchers.
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Adolescence:
is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that
generally occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood
Climate:
is the average weather in a given area over a longer period of time.
Environment:
can be defined as a sum total of all the
living and non-living elements and their effects that influence human life.
Exploitation:
is the act of selfishly taking advantage of someone or a group of people in
order to profit from them or otherwise benefit oneself.
Food:
Is
any nourishing substance that is eaten, drunk, or otherwise taken into the body
to sustain life, provide energy, promote growth.
Habit:
Is an acquired behavior pattern regularly followed until it has become almost
involuntary
Motivation:
is the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors.
Overweight:
is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health
Pollution:
is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment
Poor
eating habits include under- or over-eating, not
having enough of the healthy foods we need each day, or consuming too many
types of food and drink, which are low in fibre or high in fat, salt and/or
sugar.
Socialization:
is the process beginning during childhood by which individuals acquire the
values, habits, and attitudes of a society.
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