ABSTRACT
The study focused on
the comparative analysis of the academic performance of the well-behaved and
delinquent students, in Esan-West Local Government Area. Three research
questions were used to guide the study. The sample of the study comprised of
one hundred and fifty (150) students who are senior secondary two of five
selected secondary schools in Esan-West Local Government Area. Data for this
study was collected using questionnaire and the response was based on a 4-point
Likert scale of Always true AT, Often true OT, Sometimes true ST and Never true
NT. Data collected were analyzed using T-test. The findings revealed that;
there is no difference in the academic performance of well-behaved boys and
delinquent boys, there is no difference in the academic performance of
well-behaved girls and delinquent girls and there is no difference in the
academic performance of students from intact and broken homes. From this it was
then recommended that:
1.
Individual and group counselling
should be employed by the school guidance and councellors to correct these
delinquent acts.
2.
Teachers should establish an order of
standard behaviour so that students can know what is expected of them.
3.
The school principals must exert the
types of leadership and inspiration that will result in educational growth of
the students.
4.
Government should employ guidance
councellors in secondary schools.
The
suggestion for further studies was also made.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Title page……………………………………………ii
Certification……………………………………….iii
Dedication……………………………….iv
Acknowledgement……………………………....v
Table of content…………..vii
Abstract……………………………………..xi
CHAPTER
ONE
Introduction
Background of the study…….....1
Statement of the problem……………………..7
Purpose of the study …………………….7
Research question ………………………..8
Hypothesis …………………………….9
Significance of the study …………………..9
Delimitation of the study …………………13
Limitation of the study ……………………13
Basic Assumption ………………………….14
Definition of terms ……………………...14
CHAPTER
TWO
Review
of Related Literature
Theoretical review on adolescence ……………..16
The physical development of
adolescence ……20
Learning process ………………………………..22
Disruptive behaviours ……………….25
Adolescence behaviour ………………28
Fighting …………………………………29
Vandalism ………………………………30
Delinquency ……………………………31
Empirical review ………………………35
Intact and broken homes …………..39
Summary of literature review ...41
CHAPTER
THREE
Method
of study
Research
design ………………………45
Population of
study …………………..46
Sample and
sample procedure …….46
Instrumentation
…………………………47
Validity of
instrument ………….49
Reliability of
instrument ………………….49
Administration
of instrument ……………..50
Method of data
…………………………..51
CHAPTER
FOUR
Data
Analysis and Discussion of Findings
Discussion of
findings ………………57
CHAPTER
FIVE
Summary,
Conclusion and Recommendation
Summary …………………………….61
Conclusion…………………………………62
Recommendation ………………………..64
Suggestion for further studies ………….69
References …………………………………...70
Appendix……………………………………...73
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Learning
theories recognize the freedom of teachers in the classroom situation .With this,
they create room for acceptability for what ever happens within the class. This
is to say that teachers at all levels of learning should be given credit for
any relative change in students’ behavior that is beneficial to the students. On
the same note, the teachers are to be held liable for anything lacking on the
child which the teacher is expected to have impacted in the classroom. Unfortunately,
the teacher becomes the scapegoat for every short comings of their students. This
is so because the teacher has the professional competence to re-order the
learning experience provided for the student and chooses the medium he or she
considers best through which the knowledge should be disseminated.
Well behaved students are those ones
that abides by the school rules and regulations such as being punctual at
school, providing textbooks and other writing materials for them by their
parents, prompt payment of school levies to allow them stay in school, punctual
and regular at school lessons, putting on the correct school uniforms, doing of
take home assignment, not making noise or bulling other students in the
classroom and so on. While the delinquent students are those ones that do not
abide by the school rules and regulations. In essence, we say they are the
opposite of the well behaved students.
Both the well behaved and the delinquent
students do exist in schools, they sit in the same classroom, they receive the
same lessons, and they are thought by the same teachers and at the end of the
term or session, they sit for the same examinations and their script are marked
by the same teachers or examiners; why then should there be no difference in
their academic performance since they are the opposite of each other. For
example, students from broken homes who lack adequate parental care at home and
are not well taken care of should not be expected to perform well academically
since there is no proper discipline impacted on the child from home.
Juvenile
delinquency on the other hand is becoming rampant today and if care is not
taken, these students may become a menace in our society. It is now on the
increase since the delinquent ones has nearly outnumbered the well-behaved ones
and this is causing a lot of problems in our schools and to the country as
well. A lot has been written on juvenile delinquency as the major factor of
poor academic performance of delinquent students and as such, a lot should be
done to curb it as it regards the way it affects the academic performance of
the students. This study is committed to finding out the comparism of the
academic performance of the well-behaved students and that of the delinquent
secondary school students.
Juvenile
delinquency includes not only the students has violated any adult rule but also
the students who habitually deports himself so as to endanger the morals of
himself or others thus affecting his performance academically and this is not
hampered or disturbed for the well-behaved students.
Juvenile delinquency includes truancy,
stealing, quarrelling, noise making, immoral or indecent conduct, ganstarism,
using of vulgar languages in public, cultism and so on. All the above named
factors contribute to the poor academic performance of delinquent secondary
school students. Any students who exclude him or her self from these acts will excel
academically compared to those involved in them.
It must be realized that the academic
performance of school students varies according to their locality i.e rural and
urban areas. In the cities, though there are some areas where the delinquent
act is negligible and others in which it is well above average. Some could be
traced to the trait of the child that is children who come from homes where
criminal acts are common can often be inclined to be delinquent; this means
that they have inherited such traits from their parents.
The family is known to be the source for
both the well-behaved and the delinquent school students. This is because some
children are fully provided with their needs while most of them lack proper
parental care and control for one reason or the other. In a home where the
child feels rejected, unsecured, unloved and unwanted, there is the tendency
for the child to be come delinquent. For example, an under aged girl could
enter into an unmatured relationship simply because she is interested in what
any one can give or offer. The delinquent needs assistance in making
adjustments that are socially acceptable so as not to find themselves in
difficulty.
Statement of the Problem
If learning as a process is taken to
mean a behaviour that is initiated to modify change, then there will be a
problem that will make the change not to take place. If there is a sudden
disruption of the input process, the expected change in behaviour might not
take place.
The
teachers have an important role to play in the academic performance of the
learners, both the well-behaved and the delinquent ones. However, if the
teachers are not competent to play their respective roles very well, the expected
change might not take place accordingly
Purpose of the Study
This
study tends to find out the difference between the academic performance of
well-behaved secondary school students and the delinquent secondary school
students. Therefore, for the purpose of this study, we focus on the well-behaved
and delinquent students in order to find out how their behaviour has affected
their learning at school.
Research Questions
For
this study, three questions were raised. They are:
1.
Is there any difference in the
academic performance of the well-behaved boys and delinquent boys?
2.
Is there any difference in the
academic performance of the well-behaved girls and delinquent girls?
3.
Is there any difference in the
academic performance among the students from intact and broken homes?
Hypotheses
A
statistical hypothesis is an assumption of statement which may or may not be
true concerning one or more.
·
There is no difference in the academic
performance of the well-behaved boys and delinquent boys.
·
There is no difference in the academic
performance of the well-behaved girls and delinquent girls.
·
There is no difference in the academic
performance among students from intact and broken homes.
Significance of the Study
This
study seeks to find out the difference between the academic performance of the
well-behaved and delinquent secondary school students. It is therefore
important as it will to enable the teachers to know and understand the children
and their different behaviours. Through this study, teachers can deal
meaningfully with the students they teach because it would enable them to know
as much as possible about the students.
The secondary school students from (JSS
1 to SS 3) who are socially misfit or suffer from moral decadence were once
innocent probably in their infancy. That they are what they are today is
largely due to a point at which the children are entrusted to teachers in
formal institutions. Teachers have to ensure some measures of responsibility
for the failure as well as the success of a student. Knowledge of him and the
psychology of his growth and behaviour are important and necessary parts of a
teacher’s educational programme. With this study, teachers would be able to
detect students with any type of juvenile delinquency and curb them before they
influence others.
Finally, the study will serve as a
literature to all practicing teachers. It will also enable the other students
to be adequately taken care of so as not to be influenced by the delinquent
ones. It will also enable the delinquent students to know that their behaviour
could hinder their progress at school. It will also enable the teachers to know
the types of students they are teaching so that the well-behaved ones would be
used as examples to the other students. The study will also make parents to be
aware of the types of children they have, it will enable them to know the type of
treatment to give to them and also keeping a closer look at everything they do
at home.
The school administrators are not
left out that is the principal and the vice-principal. This study will help facilitate
their work and give room for them to know how to handle their students if they
are able to detect the well-behaved ones from the delinquent ones through their
academic performance and also know that they need to apply extra effort so that
the delinquent ones can change.
The study will enable the ministry of
education that is responsible for the education of the state to know how to
provide materials for the schools and also make them know that there is need
for counselors to be employed into schools so as to eliminate disruptive
behaviours in secondary schools.
The policy makers will also benefit
from this duty because it will create awareness for the policy makers to know
how to plan for the education of the children and also make them to be aware of
the types of policies to be made.
Delimitation of the Study
This
study is also familiar with other tertiary institutions but for the purpose of
this work, it involves all the secondary school students but specifically the
students of the following schools in Esan West Local Government Area of Edo
State particularly Ekpoma Town.
Amazing
Grace Group of schools, Ekpoma
Blessing
Group of Schools, Ekpoma
Bonahis
Group of Schools, Ekpoma
Eguare
Secondary School, Ekpoma
Emaudo
Secondary School, Ekpoma
Limitation of the study
This study would be
faced with the following constraints:
The
refusal of teachers to disclose the delinquent students.
Strike
in the case of public schools could also hinder the progress of this research
because the students will be unavailable.
The
school management’s rules and regulations might not allow researchers into the
field.
Basic Assumptions
It
is assumed that the magnitude of juvenile delinquency is on the increase since the
number of the delinquent students has nearly out numbered the number of the
well-behaved ones.
Definition of terms
Academic Performance: This
can be defined as the performance of a person or a group of persons in
education discipline which can be quantified and measured.
Well-Behaved (Students):
This is a person that conforms to the societal norms and values. In terms of
this study, it means those students that conform to the norms, values, rules
and regulations of the school.
Delinquent (Students): This is an act of deviance in terms of
societal norms and values; it is also an act of showing or exhibiting
anti-social behaviour.
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