ABSTRACT
Corruption is any form of dishonesty or criminal behaviour undertaken by a person or organization entrusted with public funds or a position of authority, to acquire illicit benefit or abuse of power for one's private gain. Corruption has penetrated every facet of human life in Nigeria; politics, judiciary, governance, commerce and industry, taxation, health, education and, religion, to mention a few, and has caused serious negative effects on national security, unity, integration, peace and development. This paper presented discussions on corruption as an endemic that gave birth to numerous contemporary issues bedeviling well-being of Nigerian citizenry. In other words, most of the social issues/problems prevailing in this country like armed robbery, vandalism, theft, drug abuse, banditry, kidnappings, unemployment, human trafficking et cetera are direct products and consequences of corruption. The design of this study was descriptive survey. It is a position paper that presented the concept of corruption, its types, causes and detrimental effects on Nigerians. The paper also proposed/described how Counselling as a professional helping discipline can contribute towards ameliorating the menace. It is recommended that Counselling programmes should be established in schools at all levels so as to guide the leaders of tomorrow (students) on the implications of corruption and how to avoid it.; Government at levels should implore and support the intervention of counsellors towards counselling Nigerian leaders and workers in both public and private sectors on the need to join hands to stop corruption; and Well-equipped counselling centers be established at every ministry or parastatal/agency for the public servants to get free assistance on ceasing corruption.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
COVER
PAGE - - - - - - - - i
APPROVAL
PAGE - - - - - - - - ii
DECLARATION - - - - - - - - iii
DEDICATION - - - - - - - - iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT - - - - - - - v
TABLE
OF CONTENTS - - - - - - - vi
ABSTRACT - - - - - - - - - viii
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION - - - - - - - 1
1.1
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY - - - - - 1
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM- - - - - - 2
1.3
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES - - - - - - 3
1.4
RESEACH QUESTIONS - - - - - - 5
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY - - - - - 6
1.6
SCOPE OF THE STUDY - - - - - - 7
1.7
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS - - - 7
1.8
PLAN OF THE STUDY - - - - - - - 8
REFERENCES
CHAPTER
TWO
LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1
INTRODUCTION - - - - - - - 11
2.2 CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK - - - - - 11
2.3 WHAT CONSTITUTES CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC
SERVICE - -13
2.4 FORMS AND CAUSES OF CORRUPTION - - - - -13
2.5 TYPOLOGIES OF CORRUPTION - - - - - -15
2.6 THE IMPACT OF CORRUPTION ON THE PUBLIC
SERVICES- -23
2.7
SOME OF THE EVILS OF CORRUPTION AS DERIVED FROM
RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND HYPOTHESIS - - - - -23
2.8
ASSESSING THE EXTENT AND NATURE OF CORRUPTION IN
PUBLIC SERVICE IN JIGAWA STATE- - - - - -28
2.9
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK - - - - - -29
REFERENCES
CHAPTER
THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1
INTRODUCTION - - - - - - - 33
3.2
RESEACH DESIGN - -
- - - - - -33
3.3
SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE -
- - -
- 33
3.4
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT - - - - - - 34
3.5
VALIDATION OF THE INSTRUMENT -
- - -
- 34
3.6
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION -
- - - - - 35
3.7
METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS - -
- - - 35
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.0 INTRODUCTION - - - - - - - 36
4.1
DEMOGRAPHIC OF THE RESPONDENT
- - - - 36
4.2
PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULT - - - 38
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 SUMMARY - - - - - - - - 41
5.2 CONCLUSSION - - - - - - - 42
5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS - - - - - - 43
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Corruption,
an enduring and deeply entrenched issue, poses a formidable challenge to
Nigeria's socioeconomic and political landscape. It permeates various facets of
the nation's functioning, including its public administration. Public service,
as the bedrock of governance, bears a significant responsibility in providing
essential services to citizens and fostering national development. However,
corruption casts a long shadow over these noble objectives, thwarting efforts
aimed at achieving efficiency, transparency, and effectiveness in public
service. The repercussions of corruption extend far beyond fiscal losses; they
encompass the erosion of public trust, impaired service delivery, and the
perpetuation of poverty and inequality.
Corruption
in Nigeria has historical and systemic roots. Over the years, it has become
deeply ingrained in the fabric of the nation's public institutions and society
at large. From petty bribery to grand embezzlement, corrupt practices have
infiltrated all levels of government and have become a norm in many areas. This
phenomenon is not unique to Nigeria, but it is particularly pernicious due to
the country's vast resources and potential for development.
In
the context of public service, corruption takes various forms. It may involve
the misappropriation of public funds, nepotism in hiring and promotion,
embezzlement, bribery, and extortion. These corrupt practices not only hinder
the efficient functioning of public institutions but also result in the
misallocation of resources that could otherwise be used to improve the lives of
Nigeria's citizens.
The
impact of corruption on public service is multi-dimensional. It undermines the
principles of fairness, accountability, and transparency that are essential for
good governance. It distorts decision-making processes, diverts resources away
from essential services, and erodes public trust in government institutions.
Moreover, it perpetuates a culture of impunity, where individuals engage in
corrupt practices with little fear of consequences, further entrenching the
problem.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Nigeria's
struggle with corruption is well-documented, and its detrimental effects on
public service are palpable. Jigawa State, like many other regions in Nigeria,
is not immune to this systemic issue. The corrosive influence of corruption on
public service delivery in Jigawa State demands an in-depth examination. While
corruption is often discussed in broad terms, there is a pressing need for a
localized and comprehensive study to discern its specific impacts within the
context of Jigawa State.
The
specific problems that this research seeks to address include:
1.
The extent and nature of corruption within Jigawa State's public service.
2.
The tangible and intangible effects of corruption on the delivery of public
services.
3.
The underlying root causes and drivers of corruption that persist within the
public service.
4.
The effectiveness of existing anti-corruption measures and strategies currently
employed in Jigawa State.
Understanding
these issues is pivotal to developing targeted interventions and evidence-based
strategies for preventing corruption in the public service of Jigawa State.
1.3 Research Objectives
The
primary aim of this research is to conduct a rigorous investigation into the
impact of corruption on public service in Jigawa State, Nigeria. This study
will seek to achieve the following specific objectives:
1.
To assess the extent and nature of corruption within Jigawa State's public
service.
2.
To critically examine the tangible and intangible effects of corruption on the
delivery of public services.
3.
To identify the underlying root causes and drivers of corruption that persist
within the public service.
4.
To explore the existing anti-corruption measures and strategies currently
employed in Jigawa State.
5.
To propose evidence-based strategies and recommendations for preventing
corruption within Jigawa State's public service.
These
research objectives will guide the systematic investigation and analysis of
corruption in Jigawa State's public administration, providing valuable insights
for policy development and reform.
Examining the Effects of Corruption
on the Delivery of Public Services in Jigawa State
The
second research objective delves into the tangible and intangible effects of
corruption on the delivery of public services in Jigawa State. This examination
will include:
-
Assessing the impact of corruption on the quality and accessibility of public
services, such as healthcare, education, and infrastructure.
-
Investigating how corruption exacerbates disparities and inequalities in
service provision among different communities within the state.
-
Analyzing the consequences of corruption on citizens' trust in public
institutions and their overall well-being.
Through
a thorough exploration of these effects, this objective will provide insights
into the real-world implications of corruption on the lives of Jigawa State's
residents.
Identifying the Root Causes and
Drivers of Corruption within the Public Service in Jigawa State
The
third research objective seeks to uncover the underlying root causes and
drivers of corruption within Jigawa State's public service. This will involve:
-
Conducting in-depth interviews and surveys with public servants,
whistleblowers, and experts to understand the motivations behind corrupt
practices.
-
Examining the structural and systemic factors that enable and perpetuate
corruption within the public service.
-
Investigating cultural and social norms that may either facilitate or deter
corrupt behavior.
Identifying
these root causes is essential for developing targeted and effective
anti-corruption strategies.
Exploring Existing Anti-Corruption
Measures and Strategies in Jigawa State
The
fourth research objective focuses on the examination of existing
anti-corruption measures and strategies employed within Jigawa State. This will
entail:
-
Reviewing legislative and policy frameworks aimed at combating corruption in
the state.
-
Evaluating the effectiveness of enforcement agencies, oversight bodies, and
accountability mechanisms.
-
Analyzing the practical implementation of anti-corruption initiatives and their
impact on reducing corruption.
This
objective aims to provide an overview of the state's current anti-corruption
landscape and pinpoint areas where improvements may be needed.
Proposing Evidence-Based Strategies
for Preventing Corruption in Jigawa State's Public Service
The
final research objective involves the development of evidence-based strategies
to prevent corruption within Jigawa State's public service. This will include:
-
Drawing upon the findings from the preceding objectives to formulate targeted
recommendations.
-
Identifying best practices and lessons learned from successful anti-corruption
initiatives in other regions.
-
Collaborating with stakeholders, including government officials, civil society
organizations, and experts, to craft practical and context-specific strategies.
This
objective serves as the culmination of the research effort, offering actionable
solutions to mitigate corruption's impact on public service delivery in Jigawa
State.
1.4 Research Questions
The
research questions posed in this study align with the specified research
objectives, ensuring a systematic exploration of the problem. These questions
are as follows:
1.
What is the nature of corruption within Jigawa State's public service?
2.
What are the tangible and intangible effects of corruption on the delivery of
public services in Jigawa State?
3.
What are the root causes and drivers of corruption within the public service in
Jigawa State?
4.
What are the existing anti-corruption measures and strategies in place in
Jigawa State?
5.
What are the strategies can be proposed to prevent corruption in Jigawa State's
public service?
1.5 Significance of the Study
This
research is significant for several reasons. First and foremost, it contributes
to the existing body of knowledge on corruption, with a specific focus on its
impact on public administration within Jigawa State. The findings of this study
will provide valuable insights for policymakers, government agencies, civil
society organizations, researchers, and the general public. By shedding light
on the challenges and opportunities in addressing corruption at the state
level, this research aims to assist in the development of more effective and
context-specific anti-corruption strategies.
Additionally,
understanding the local dynamics of corruption in Jigawa State will serve as a
blueprint for other states facing similar challenges in Nigeria and beyond.
This study has the potential to inform policy decisions that could lead to more
transparent, accountable, and efficient public service delivery, ultimately
benefitting the citizens of Jigawa State.
Furthermore,
this research aligns with international efforts to combat corruption and
promote good governance. It contributes to the global dialogue on corruption by
providing a case study that offers insights into the challenges and solutions
faced by a sub-national entity within a complex federal system.
In
summary, this project endeavors to illuminate the pervasive issue of corruption
within Jigawa State's public service and contribute to the ongoing efforts to
combat corruption and enhance public administration in Nigeria.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This
research will focus exclusively on Jigawa State, one of Nigeria's 36 states, to
ensure a localized and context-specific examination of corruption within its
public service. The study will encompass various sectors of public
administration, including but not limited to healthcare, education, public
infrastructure, and law enforcement.
The
choice of Jigawa State as the research focus is driven by the need for a deep
dive into a specific state's experiences with corruption, as state-level
dynamics often differ from the national context. Moreover, Jigawa State, like
many others, faces unique challenges and opportunities that warrant an in-depth
analysis.
While
the study's primary focus is on Jigawa State, it is essential to acknowledge
that corruption is a complex and interconnected issue. Many of the findings and
recommendations may have broader applicability and relevance to other states in
Nigeria and even beyond the country's borders.
1.7 Definition of key Terms
To
ensure clarity and precision in this research, the following key terms are
defined:
-
Corruption: The abuse of entrusted
power for personal gain, often involving bribery, embezzlement, nepotism, or
other illicit practices (Mauro 2016).
-
Public Service: Public service
refers to the various government departments, agencies, and organizations
responsible for providing essential functions and services to the general
public (Gray 2018).
-
Anti-Corruption Measures:
Anti-corruption measures encompass a set of policies, laws, regulations, and
actions implemented by governments, organizations, and institutions to prevent,
detect, and combat corruption.
Anti-corruption measures may include the
establishment of regulatory frameworks, codes of conduct, and ethical
standards, as well as the enforcement of laws and penalties against corrupt
activities (Klingaard 2023).
-Evidence-Based Strategies:
Evidence-based strategies refer to approaches and interventions that are
formulated and implemented based on empirical evidence and rigorous research.
The
term "evidence-based" underscores the importance of using reliable
and validated information to design and execute interventions that are more
likely to be effective (Pope 2000).
1.8 Plan of the Study
This project is carried out to investigate
on the ‘analyzing the impact of
corruption on public services and exploring strategies for its prevention
Jigawa state as a case study’.
The
project contain five chapters, chapter one deals with general introduction,
background of the study, statement of the research problem, aims and objectives
of the study, research hypothesis, significance of the study, scope and
limitation of the study, definition of key terms and plan of the study.
Chapter
two consists of literature review/ theoretical frame work of the project,
conceptual framework, and other things.
Chapter
three contains research methodology, introduction of the chapter, research design, Population of the study,
sample size, instrument of data collection, sampling techniques and procedure,
method of data analysis and collection.
Chapter
four consists of data presentation and analysis, introduction of the chapter,
data presentation, Demographic Data of the Respondent.
Finally,
chapter five of this project comprises the Summary, conclusion, and
recommendations, Bibliography and Questionnaire design.
Click “DOWNLOAD NOW” below to get the complete Projects
FOR QUICK HELP CHAT WITH US NOW!
+(234) 0814 780 1594
Login To Comment