ABSTRACT
Politics as a Universal
phenomenon has become inherent and inevitable in any social arrangements.
People from different lifestyles bring all sort of political tactics to
organization so as to foster easy pursuance of their singular interest at the
expense of others. Workplace politics occur when individuals or group deviate
from ultimate goals and objectives of an organization and concentrate on their
self interest with the aim of controlling the organization’s scarce resources
so as to influence and control others.
Therefore, this thesis is
carried out to examine the role of organizational politics on organization
effectiveness. To do this hypothesis shall be formulated and tested to justify
the relationship between workplace politics and organization effectiveness.
Furthermore, a structured
questionnaire shall be administered to elicit response from targeted sample.
Interview and questionnaire are the major data collection instruments in this
thesis. Also chi square method of analysis will be employed in analyzing
various data.
Finally,
recommendations shall be made on the subject matter. Recommendations will focus
on how to manage office politics toward achieving organization effectiveness.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE
PAGES
Cover page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of Content v
Abstract vi
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0 Background
to the Study 1
1.1
Introduction 1
1.2
Statement of Problem 4
1.3
Research Questions 5
1.4
Objective of the Study 6
1.5
Statement of Hypothesis 6
1.6
Significant of the Study 7
1.7
Scope and Limitation 7
CHAPTER
TWO
2.1
Introduction 9
2.2
Literature Review 9
CHAPTER
THREE
3.1
Introduction 37
3.2
Population and Sample size 37
3.3
Data Collection 38
3.4
Data Collection Instrument 39
3.5
Method of Data Analysis 40
CHAPTER
FOUR
4.1
Introduction 41
4.2
Characteristics of Sample 42
4.3
Data Analysis and Presentation 44
CHAPTER
FIVE
5.1
Introduction 60
5.2
Summary
60
5.3
Conclusion
62
5.4
Recommendation 63
REFERENCE
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 BACKGROUND TO
THE STUDY
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The concept “organizational
politics” is a new area of focus in Human Resources Management. Politics is ever
present in any plurality of human society.
The endemic nature of politics in
our organization and the large society has compelled many scholars to carry out
research work in order to recommend how politics can be manage toward achieving
the predetermined goals and objectives of an organization.
One of the contributions to the
study of politics is attributed to the work of a great Greek philosopher,
Aristotle.
According to him (Aristotle
384-322) viewed politics to mean the affairs of Greek city or state. In his
book, man is a political animal who by interacting with another or more persons
produces a relationship called politics.
This there are two major types
of politics state and organizational politics. But in this chapter and for the
purpose of this research work, we shall concentrate mainly on the organizational
politics
Organizational politics or
corporate office politics is an inescapable and intrinsic reality.
Organizational politics is so intricately
woven with management system that relationship norms, processes, performance,
and outcomes are largely influenced and affected by it. Office politics is an
ever present and sometimes annoying feture of work life.
Robert Kreitner and Angels Kinicki
(2004): described organizational politics as self servicing and manipulative
behavior of individual and groups to promote their self interest at the express
of others, and sometime even at the expense of organization’s goals as well.
Organizational politics manifest itself through struggle for resources,
personal conflicts, competition for power and leadership and tactical influence
executed by individuals and groups to attain power, building, personal stature,
controlling access to information, not revealing real intents, building coalition
e.t.c.
Laurie Mullins (1985) sees
organization politics as involving acts of influence to enhance or protect the
self-interest of individuals or groups. An emphasis on self - interest distinguished
this form of social influence.
Skillful and well timed politics
at work place can help an organization in getting its point across, neutralize
resistance to a key project, or get a choice job assignment.
Bacharach and Lawler (1980) assented
that political behavior becomes a negative force when self-interests erode or
defect organizational interests.
On this note, it is important to
point out that organization politics is multifaceted in nature, that is, it
could be positive or negative depending
on low individuals or groups in an organization demonstrate there political
behavior. This will take as to the role of organizational politics on
organizational effectiveness.
Griffin (2002) describe
organizational effectiveness as a concept that measures how effective an
organization is interms, of its outcomes, competition, technology,
communication e.t.c
The concept of organizational
effectiveness is multi- dimensional in nature organizational effectiveness is
like a two sides of a coin. That is, what organization perceive as effectiveness
at times contradict the perception of their external participants (stakeholders).
This contradiction between the perception of the internal and external
stakeholders makes organizational effectiveness a muiti- dimensional approach.
1.2 STATEMENT OF
PROBLEM
The followings are the problems
deduced from this empirical study
1.
Unequal treatment of employees as a result of
negative workplace politics.
2.
Formation of destructive cliques and coalitions
within the organization
3.
Organizational effectiveness is largely affected as
self-interest tends to erode organizational interest.
4.
Unjustifiable lay-off of skilled worker by
management as a result of fear of loosing management position.
1.3 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
The following constitute the
research questions.
1.
Does organizational politics helps individuals and
groups in achieving their interest?
2.
To what extent does workplace politics affected new
employee?
3.
is the relationship between organizational politics
and organization effectiveness positives or negative?
4.
To what extent does workplace politics led to caver
advancement
5.
The existence of organizational politics common on
all organizations.
6.
To what extent does organizational politics affect
employee’s productivity?
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF
THE STUDY
Having identified the various
problems in this research work, the objectives shall be the following:
1.
To examine
how to manage organizational politics towards achieving organization effectiveness.
2.
To examine the role of organizational politics on
organization effectiveness
3.
To examine the effect of negative workplace politics
on employee’s and organization’s performance.
4.
To contribute to the existing literature on organizational politics and
organization
effectiveness
5.
To recommend how constructive workplace politics can
be practices for healthy work environment.
1.5 STATEMENT OF
HYPOTHESIS
For the purpose of this study,
certain assumption would be made and tested in order to provide justifiable
decisions.
Some of the hypotheses are as
follows:
1.6 HYPOTHESES
H1: There is no significant relationship between
organizational politics and employee’s productivity.
H2: There is no significant relationship between
organizational politics and organization effectiveness.
H3: There is no significant relationship between
organizational politics and career advancement.
H4: There is no significant relationship between
organizational politic and employee’s potentials.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The significance of this study is to provide
additional and relevant information to the existing literatures in the area of
organizational politics and effectiveness which will serve as a secondary
source of data for future research work.
1.8 SCOPE AND
LIMITATIONS
The scope of the study will
cover all areas of organizational politics and it’s effect on organization
effectiveness in one organization
Also in the course of carrying
out the study, the following challenges may likely slow down the outcome of the
research work.
1.9 LIMITATIONS
1.
Financial constraint
2.
Paucity of relevant materials or information.
3.
Delay of questionnaires by respondents
4.
Time constraint
5. Delay in typing the project
may also constitute a limitation.
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