ABSTRACT
The
purpose of this research work is to examine the economic and social effect of
rural-urban migration in Local Government with special emphasis on Ikole Local
Government Area of Ekiti State for the purpose of getting the required
information from the respondents.
The
researcher made a personal contact and observation from the personal contact
and observation, it was discovered that Ikole Local Government is one of the
Local Government that play an important role in rural urban migration. People
move from rural areas to urban areas for the purpose of getting better offers,
for the purpose of getting basic healthcare, social infrastructure, for
marriage, to continue schooling and by following relatives.
In
presenting the research, the work is divided into five chapters. Each dealing
with one topic or the other in order to make a good description of the various
stages involved in the study. The project or research work consists of five
chapters as viz:-
Chapter
one consist of introduction, statement of the problem, aims and objectives of
the study, significance of the study, research hypothesis, scope and limitation
of the study, organization of the chapter and definition of terms.
Chapter two has to do with literature
review in form of introduction, theoretical framework, current trends in
thinking, review of related literature, summary of chapter.
Chapter
three contains introduction, the research methodology, method of data
collection and questionnaire design and problems encountered.,
Chapter four deals with introduction,
brief history of Ikole Local Government, reasons for migration out of Ikole
Local Government area, reasons for migration of the villagers and villagers, responses,
reasons whey village on rural area is unpleasant, age group of the migrant and
summary of the chapter.
Chapter
five states the summary of findings, recommendation and conclusion.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
ONE:
1.0 General Introduction or background of the study
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Purpose/objectives of the study
1.4 significance of the study
1.5 Research hypothesis
1.6 Scope and limitations of the study
1.7 Organization of the study/plan of the study
synopsis of each chapter.
1.8 Definition of terms
Reference
CHAPTER
TWO:
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Theoretical framework
2.3 Current trends in thinking
2.4 summary of the chapter
Reference
CHAPTER
THREE: 3.0 Methodology and Research Methods
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Sample and population of the study
3.3 Sources of data/data collection instruments
3.4 Method of data analysis
Reference
CHAPTER
FOUR:
4.0 Data presentation/Analysis and Interpretation of Findings
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Brief History of Ikole Local Government
4.3 Presentation of data
4.4 Analysis of data
4.5 Testing of hypothesis
4.6 Summary of
chapter
Reference
CHAPTER
FIVE: 5.0 Summary,
recommendation and conclusion
5.1 Summary
of findings
5.2 Recommendations
5.3 Conclusions
Bibliography
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
IN OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC
Few years ago, rural-urban migration was
viewed favourably in the economic department, prior to this time, rural-urban
migration has been in existence. People migrate from one place or area to the
other especially from rural to urban area for one thing or the other. It is now
abundantly clear from recent trends that the rate for rural urban job creat8ion
and surpass from the capacity of both industrial and urban social service
effectively to absorb this labour. Population in Ekiti State
is becoming alarming and particularly among the youths. The consequence of this
is gradual reduction of family labour on the farms and most especially since
the late 1780s, other problems are created in this process and it is the
intention of the researcher to examine the extent to which Ekiti State
is affected.
In relating to Ikole Local Government,
it was created in 1996 by General Sanni Abacha.
The language attributes of the
inheritance of this area has made it very much possible for the Ikole Local
Government people to settle down peacefully to conduct their day-today
activities such as farming and trading. The major problem which form the focus
of the research work is that Ekiti
State was being faced by
problem of the movement of her youngable bodies. Those that are literate and
educated to urban centre in search of
jobs.
Thereby rendering the area to be less
productive agriculturally’; this again has its effect of the national level.
The movement of large number of people from other area including those of rural
urban areas.
1.2 STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
This project is based on the social and
economic effect of rural-urban migration with particular reference to Ikole
Local Government, Eikti
State and the years they
have been in problems in the area i.e. movement of vehicle, youths to urban
town for job.
SOME
OF THE PROBLEMS ARE:
1.
There are rapid rate of
movement/migration from rural to urban areas.
2.
There
are less productivity in the areas of agriculture.
3.
The rural towns are characterized by low
labour and low productivity.
4.
Cities are growing fast and suffering
from rural illness.
1.3 PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
The aims and objectives or purpose of
the study are:-
i.
To identify and examine the general
causes of rural-urban migration in Ikole Local Government.
ii.
To determine the impact of rural urban
migration on the rural development of Ikole Local Government area.
iii.
To show the negative impact this
migration has on urban area or centre.
iv.
To provide an insight to the problems in
order to contribute towards a policy of rural urban migration
v.
To examine the magnitude of migration
from the Local Government in particular and state in general
vi.
Suggest possible solutions to the
problems
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The significance of the study is to
determine the effect of rural urban migration of Ikole Local Government in both
social and economic aspect of the Local Government.
1.5 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
The following hypothesis would be tested
in the research project.
i.
Lack of job opportunities in the rural
area is responsible for the rural-urban migration on Ikole Local Government in
both social and economic aspect of the Local Government.
ii.
The
influx of people from the rural areas to urban areas is responsible for the
shortage of accommodation in the urban centre.
1.6 SCOPE
AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This research work is limited to only
Ikole Local Government Area of Ekiti State with a view of finding the economic
and social effect of rural-urban migration and creating alternative source of
social and economic effect in this Local Government.
1.7 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY/PLAN FO THE
STUDY/SYNOPSIS OF EACH CHAPTER.
This
project consists of five chapters as viz:-
Chapter
one consist of introductions statement of the problem, purpose/objectives of
the study, significance of the study, research hypothesis, scope and limitation
of the study/synopsis of each chapter and definition of forms or operational
terms
Chapter
two has to do with introduction theoretical framework, current trends in
thinking and summary of the chapter.
Chapter
three contains introduction, sample and population of the study, sources of
data/data collection instruments, method of data analysis and research
problems.
Chapter
four deals with data presentation/analysis and interpretation of findings.
Introduction, brief of history of Ikole Local Government, Presentation of data,
analysis of data, testing of hypothesis, summary of the chapter.
Chapter
five states the summary of findings, recommendation and conclusions.
1.8 DEFINITION
OF TERMS OR OPERATIONAL TERMS
MIGRATION:
Migration refers to the movement of
people from one place to another. It is equally defined as population mobility.
this can take place within a country, region or it can take place from one
country to another. Migration can also be defined as a response to possible
dissatisfaction to people within their present location to another location.
RURAL: For the purpose of this project, the word
rural shall be described as a place that lack necessary infrastructure and
telecommunication we may say assume that any place having population of less than 5,000
people sparsely populated and lack any form of wage earning in economic with
less tribal diversity and strictly controlled socio culturally should be
regarded as a rural area.
URBAN: This means metropolitan centre were basic
infrastructural facilities are available. An urban area is relatively large and
permanent settlement of social heterogeneous individuals in another definition.
G.W.
fair Holms states that urban settlements are high concentration of 5,000 people
living in geographical area having the following characteristics, a wage
earning economy, a trial diversification, and absence of traditional
socio-cultural control.
URBANIZATION: Urbanization may be defined as the process of
territorial population concentration both in form of rural-urban nations and
multiplication of points of concentration and the increase in size of
individual concentration.
DEVELOPMENT: Development can be defined as the advancing
from lower level to higher level. Definition of development from the classical economic perspective refers to the
increase in the economic well being of a nation.
According to Onar and Okoli (2000) state
that development involves progressing of movement of advancing towards
something better.
RURAL DEVELOPMENT: Rural development will be used in this work as
a means for restructuring the economic order to statisfy the materials needs
and aspiration of the rural masses and to promote individual and collective
incentives to participates in the process of development. This involve a host
of multi-sectarian activities including the improvement of agriculture,
promotion of rural industries, creations of the infrastructure and establishment of appropriate decentralized
structure in order to allow mass participation. Therefore, rural development
will facilitate improved living standard of the masses of the low income
population residing in rural areas and make the process of their development
self sustaining if sincerely unpursued.
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