ABSTRACT
The study to determine the parasitological contamination of fruits was carried out in post office Ilorin, three different types of fruits wee sampled and all were infected with helminthes eggs. Using sedimentation analysis. This suggesting existence of a great risk of acquiring intestinal parasites by eating improperly washed fruits.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of
Contents
Lists of
Tables
Abstracts
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
and Literacy review
Epidemiology
studies
Literature
review
CHAPTER TWO
Materials and
Methods
Sample
collection
Sample analysis
CHAPTER THREE
Results
CHAPTER FOUR
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendation
References
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1:
Parasitic profile of each fruits sample examined from post office market in
Ilorin.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION AND LITERACY REVIEW
Indigenous
fruits are known to play major role in the nutrient livelihood of the religion
population especially in the rural area where there is poor socio-economic
condition (Adeboye and Adebayo 2008).
Unfortunately,
people do not wash them properly before eating. The climate and topography of
south – west Nigeria are suitable for growth of these fruits thought-out the
year, using rain during wet season ad irrigation during dry season. These two sources
of water was highly polluted with human and animal faced which represent high
risk to farmers and consumes of fruits products.
Markets
fruits are often contaminated by eggs of human intestine nematodes where human
and animal faeces are extensively used as fertilize and refuse waste water.
This indirect reserve of river water contains a substantial percentage of
munipal refuse and sewage. This practice is gaining prominence in Nigeria as a
result of the crowing cost of mineral fertilizer and high demand of basis
fruits as a nutrient diet due to poor. Socio – economic condition (Damen and
Ban wat 2007).
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES
This
have indicated that area of south west Nigeria are characterized by endemic
inlmthid disiasen in population where raw untreated waste water imgated fmits
generthy eaten unwashed and uncoked, my lead to parasite infestation (egah
2007)
In
this content of fmits and porapties there is need for these avaneas with this
increasing population, poor socio-economic conditions, urbanization and poor
sanitation parasites living organisms which receive nourishment and shelter
from other organism (hosts) where they live parasite is one of the “NATURE
HANGMENT” because parasitic disease continue to be a major public health
problem all over the world with associated high degree of morbidity and
mortality.
According
to WHO, parasites are one of the leading cause of death after HIV/AIDS and also
tuberculosis. One out of ten living persons suffers from one or more seven
major tropical disease of which five are parasitic in nature, out of 60
millions deaths in the world, more than 25th are accounted to
parasites and with necessary population, urbanization industrialization poor.
Socio-economic condition and poor sanitation facilities in developing
countries, deforestation, unplanned reforestation and climate changes, some
diseases which were previously unrecognized are emerging (Arora and Arora 2002).
Ethnic
eating habits, poverty, tourism to exotic areas and environmental regradation
have lead to emergence of food borne parasitic infection (Arora and Arora
2008).
It
has been estimated that human harbors about 300 species of parasites worms and
areas. To species of protozoa some of these parasites may have been required
from field especially raw fruits, water and animals. Common food borne
parasites include three, types of worms (uzotodes tremeadodesand neonelodes and
several protozoa (Zoyle, 2003).
Facilities
in these developing country like Nigeria to improve the parasite potential
effect on public and healthcare issue to economic. Consequences of peoples productivity
and agricultural loss are not readily available. Therefore the general
objectives of this work is to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites
on some fruits at post – office of Ilorin.
LITERATURE REVIEW
- Abera et al (2010) Ereplorethe prevalence
of intestinal parasites in food handlers of Ethiopia. One hundred and fifty
eight (41.1%) food handlers had
intestinal parasites of these, 25 (6.5%) were suffering from diarrhea. In his
studies h found nine species of intestinal parasites, of parasites recovered
two protozoa (E. histilytical 12.76% and G. Lanblia 7.0%) and seven helminthes
(A. lumbricoides, 11.7%, hook work, 80%, S. Stercoralis; 2.86% S. Mansoni,
1.8%, Taenia species, 1.3%, H, Nana, 0.5% and T. trodera, 0.5%) were detected.
- Nyarango et al (2007) examined 168 stool
samples and 84 vegetables and in Kisi region of Kenya. He found 65.5% of
vegetables and 41.1% of tool samples were positive for intestinal parasites.
Ascaris lambricoides and Entamoeba were most prevalent parasites in the region
that were infecting the food stuff and the food handlers were giardia lanblia
(2.61) and entamoeba histolytical (0.66%). More types of helminth were found in
this study among other severe strongly loudest sites corelis, Trichuris
trichuris and Asaris lonbricoides were predominant.
- Soares and Corner (2004) conducted study
on lettuce, water cresu and arugula in florian no polis, Brazil. They found all
vegetables were highly contaminated with parasites water cresu was most
contaminated vegetable (70.4%) followed by lettuce (60%) and rocket (58%)
parasites recovered from the study were mainly protozoa, Entamoeba spp. (76%)
followed by Blastocystis (20%), Endolimax and biardia spp were T4% and 12.4%
respectively. Daryani et al (2008) reported that consumption of raw vegetables
is a major way in the transmission of parasites contaminations. They carried
out a study in iron to determine parasitological contamination of vegetable in
market gardens. They collected 96 vegetables from markets and 55 from graders,
comprising a total of 141. The results showed that 50% of market and 71% of
garden vegetables were contaminated with parasites.
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