ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine whether sex education
should be inculcated into the secondary school curriculum and at what level of
study. The descriptive survey research method was used for the study. A total
of one hundred (100) participants were selected through a simple random
sampling technique which comprised the sample population from five different
schools in the local government. The research instrument used was a
self-developed and validated questionnaire. Five (5) research questions and
hypotheses were raised and tested in this study. Data analysis was with
descriptive statistics of frequency counts, percentages and the inferential
statistics chi-Square (X) statistics was used for Hypotheses testing. Results
showed that all hypotheses were rejected. Findings revealed that there is a
significant relationship between content of sex education, teacher’s gender,
societal norm, religious and cultural belief and age towards the teaching of
sex education in secondary schools in Ado odo ota, Ogun State. It was
recommended that School, Government and the Society should enlighten the
students on the relevance of sex education to the complete development of an
individual and will also improve their perception on sex education as a subject
matter. Schools and Government should ensure that adequate teaching aids which
are related to growth and development are provided as this will help in
enhancing sex education and improve students’ perception. More studies on
effective ways of teaching sex education in secondary schools and effect of sex
education on academic performance of students were also suggested.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
PAGES
Title page i
Certification
ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement
iv
Abstract v
Table of
contents vi
List of tables viii
CHAPTER
ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study 1
1.2 Statement of the problem 2
1.3 Purpose of the study 3
1.4 Research Questions 3
1.5 Research Hypotheses 3
1.6 Significance of the study 4
1.7 Delimitation of the study 4
1.8 Limitation of the study 5
1.9 Definition of key terms. 5
CHAPTER
TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
Concept and objectives of sex education 7
2.2 School –
based and Fear- based sex education 11
2.3 Sex issues
and Religious belief 23
2.4 Abstinence-only
and Abstinence-until-marriage 25
2.5 Effective
sex education (i.e. Adolescence, puberty, and maturation) 28
2.6 Strategies
for school – based sex education. 29
2.7 Importance
of sex education to students and society 33
2.8 Consequences
of lack of sex education 35
CHAPTER
THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research
Method 37
3.2 Population
of the Study 38
3.3 Sample and
Sampling Techniques 38
3.4 Research
Instrument 38
3.5 Validity
and Reliability of Research instrument 38
3.6 Method of
Data Collection 39
3.7 Method of
Data Analysis 39
3.8 Pilot study 39
CHAPTER
FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
OF RESULTS
4.1 Data
presentation 40
4.2 Analysis of
Data and Testing Hypothesis 41
4.3 Discussion
of findings 47
CHAPTER
FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1
Summary 48
5.2
Conclusion 48
5.3
Recommendations 49
REFERENCES 50
APPENDIX 54
LIST OF TABLES
Pages
Table 4.1: Distribution
of Respondents by Age. 40
Table 4.2: Distribution
of Respondent by Religion. 41
Table 4.3: Distribution
of Respondent by Sex. 41
Table 4.4: Frequency
responses to hypothesis 1 42
Table 4.5: Frequency
responses to hypothesis 2 43
Table 4.6: Frequency responses
to hypothesis 3 44
Table 4.7: Frequency
responses to hypothesis 4 45
Table 4.8: Frequency
responses to hypothesis 5 46
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Sex
education begins at home. Parents and caregiver ought to be the primary sexuality
educators of their children because opportunities to discuss sexuality issues
with children occur on a daily basis.
According
to SIECUS (2009) Sex education is a lifelong process of acquiring information
and forming attitude, beliefs and values. It encompasses sexual development,
sexual and reproductive health, interpersonal relationship, affection,
intimacy, body image and gender roles.
From
the moment of birth, children learn about love, touch and relationship. Infants
and toddlers learn about sexuality when their parent talk to them, dress them,
show affection, and teach them the names of the parts of their body. As
children rows into adolescence, they continue to receive message about sexual behavior,
attitude, and values from their family in an informal way. Sexuality is also
learn from other sources such as friends, peer group, television, music, books,
advertisement and internet which are all forms of informal way of learning (Lisa,
2008).
The
formal ways of acquiring sex education include planned opportunities such as
faith communities, community-based sexuality education as well as abstinence-only
in sex related matters, the school based sex education is often comprehensive
and as such provide certain guidelines in form of objectives to be achieved at
the end of the programme. The school based sex education provides accurate
information about human sexuality, it provides opportunity for people to
develop and understand their values, attitude and insight about sexuality, help
young people to develop relationship and interpersonal skills among others.
These scope and others such as human development, relationship, decision
making, abstinence, contraception, and disease prevention are what makes
school-based sex education differ from other forms of sex education (Makira,
2012).
Even
though the values of sex education to human development, maturation, family
life and all forms of relationship are known. Yet sex education is not been
currently taught at the secondary school level - a level that can referred to
as transitional level in nature, from childhood to adulthood. The reason for
these decision by the federal government, state government and local government
as well as ministry of education is not certain to the ordinary citizen of this
country, but it is certain that it is neither because sexuality education is
irrelevant nor is it because students do not want to learn about it (Adegoke,
2003).
Though
the content for a junior secondary level on sex education may not be same for
senior secondary school level because of their level of development and
maturation. To this end, the study want to seek
the opinion of students on sex
education, and determine if they will like sex education to be a core subject
either at junior level or senior secondary.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The
researcher have observed that most
students in secondary school are of divergent view when it comes to matters of
sexuality and such lack of information have led many teenagers into engaging in
sexual activities without precaution which have resulted in higher rate of
unwanted pregnancies among female and sexually transmitted diseases likewise.
To this end, the researcher wants to know the perception of secondary school
students on sexuality education.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The
purpose of this study is to investigate whether sex education should be
inculcated into the secondary school curriculum and at what level of study.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. To
what extent will the content of sex education influence the perception of
students towards teaching of sex education in schools?
2. Will
teacher’s gender influence the perception of students towards teaching of sex
education in schools?
3. Will
societal norm influence the perception of students towards teaching of sex
education in schools?
4. To
what extent will Religion and Cultural belief influence the perception of
students towards the teaching of sex education in schools?
5. Will
age influence the perception of students towards the teaching of sex education
in schools?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
1. Content
of sex education will not significantly influence the perception of students
towards teaching of sex education in schools.
2. Teacher’s
gender will not significantly influence the perception of students towards
teaching of sex education in schools.
3. Societal
norm will not significantly influence the perception of students towards
teaching of sex education in schools.
4. Religion
and Cultural belief will not significantly influence the perception of students
towards teaching sex education in schools.
5. Age
will not significantly influence the perception of students towards teaching of
sex education in schools.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This
work will provide relevant clues to schools, ministries of education, parents,
community and other stakeholders in education on whether or not sexuality
education should be a part of secondary school curriculum and the level it
should commence. It will give schools and parents in particular the feedback on
what students feel about sexuality education and lastly, it will recommend a
veritable pathway towards changing the attitude that may be noted during the
course of this research work while giving clue to how sex education textbooks can
be adjusted to suit the relevance of secondary school students without over
exposing them psychologically.
1.7 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study will be delimited to five (5)
schools in Ado Odo Ota Local Government, Ota, Ogun State. They are:
1) Sango
High School, Sango Ota, Ogun State.
2) Iganmode
Grammar School, Ota, Ogun State.
3) Iyesi
High Secondary School, Iyana Iyesi, Ota, Ogun State.
4) The
Scholars Secondary School, Ota, Ogun State.
5) Ota
Total Academy, Ota, Ogun State.
The
study will be delimited to the use of questionnaire. The study will involve One
Hundred (100) students in the Junior and Senior Schools. It will be based on
randomly selected male students and female students across the five schools.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
1. Administration
of questionnaire effectively.
2. Reluctance
to participate in filling the questionnaire.
3. Gaining
access to the respective participating schools
and students.
4. Uneasy
retrieval of questionnaire.
1.9 DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
Abstinence: An act of staying away from danger.
Adolescence: This is an individual that can be called a
teenager or person that has passed the stage of puberty.
Contraception: An act of preventing pregnancy or STDs.
Feasible: Capable of been done, effected, or
accomplished.
Gender: A particular sex of a person.
Insight: An instance of apprehending the true nature
of a thing.
Intimacy: A close, familiar, and affectionate.
Outright: complete or total.
Puberty: A
state of change in growth
Veritable: Being truly or very much so.
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