ABSTRACT
This
study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of female bankers
toward the practice of exclusive breast feeding in IkpobaOkha local government
area in Benin City, Edo state. The background of the study gave a general and
comprehensive introduction of the study, statement of the problem were
identified. The significance of the study was outlined and operational
definition of terms was included for proper understanding, scope of study was
also drawn out current related literature were reviewed and theoretical
framework that, is relevant lo the study that is discussed. Questionnaires with
open and closed ended questions were administered to 115 respondents and all
were retrieved and a total of 100 that were properly filled were analysed. Date
was analyzed using frequency table, percentages pie chart and bar charts. The
discussion of result and interpretation of findings were made. The results from
the findings in figure IV shows that 95 (95%) of the respondents have good
knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding while in figure IX only 15(15%)
practices exclusive Breastfeeding. From the above, it was observed that the
respondents have good knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding had no influence
on their poor attitude towards the practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding. Other
factors such as early resumption to duty and late closing hour as seen in
figure VII, XIX 98 (98%) and also lack of support from colleagues in figure XIX
96 (96%) are other hindrances to the effective practice of Exclusive
Breastfeeding.
The
findings result revealed that female bankers have good knowledge about
Exclusive Breastfeeding while their attitude towards the practice of Exclusive
Breastfeeding is very poor. Recommendations and suggestion for further study
were made.
KEYWORDS: KNOWLEDGE,
ATTITUDE, EEMALE
BANKERS, RACTICE OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING, IKPOBA OKHA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA,
BENIN CITY.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
OBLECTIVES OF THE STUDY
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
RESEARCH QUESTION
SCOPE OF STUDY
LIMITATION OF STUDY
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE
REVIEW
INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION OF BREAST FEDING
KNOWLEDGE OF EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING AMONG FEMALE
BANKERS
ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AMONG
FEMALE BANKERS
CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK:
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
ANATOMY AND PHYSOLOGY OF THE FEMALE BREAST
THE BREAST:
SHAPE:
SITUATION
CROSS STRUCTURE
MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE
BLOOD SUPPLY
FUNCTION OF THE BREAST
PHYSIOLOGY OF LOCATION
PRODUCTION OF MILK
THE FLOW OF MILK
MAINTENANCE OF MILK
BENEFITS OF EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING
BENEFIT TO THE BABY
BENEFIT TO THE MOTHER
BENEFIT TO THE FAMILY
BENETIF OF THE SOCIETY
BENEFIT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN:
RESEARCH SETTING:
TARGET POPULATION:
POPULATION SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION
VALIDITY/RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT
PROCEDURE FOR DATA COLLECTION
METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSION OF
FINDINGS
Relationship
with other studies/literature review
Nursing
Implication
Summary/Conclusion
Recommendations
Suggestion for
Further Study
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Breastfeeding is considered the most
complete nutritional source for infants, because, breast milk contains the
essential fats, carbohydrates, proteins and immunological factors needed for
infants to thrive and resist infection in the formative year.
Cardwell
and Barry, 2004, jones et al, 2003 in their analysis of child survival
strategies, identified exclusive breastfeeding from b to u months as the single
most effective preventive intervention in reducing child mortality with the
potential of saving 1.3 million infants uses annually.
Similary,
leoan-cava et al (2003), have observed that improved breast feeding practices
are crucial for child growth and development. However, advocate of breast
feeding have noticed that there have been steady decline due to the behaviour
of female bankers. This is particularly more pronounced in developing
countries, like Nigeria.
Wagner
et al, (2005) have also observed that despite all the recommendations by
experts as regard infants breast feeding for the first size months of life, a
significant percentage of mothers choose not to breastfeed. Work and family
conflict are the major concern to many, if not all, the most female bankers
over the world. Most of the banking institution continue to spend resources in
an attempt to help their staffs manage family duties and responsibilities at
work place; however, work and family boundary (exclusive breastfeeding) have
been the most challenging factor associated with female bankers in ikpoba hill,
Benin city (cooner 2002)
Some may be due to work factor like
female bankers who spend more time in the office.
Results
of studies conducted in developing countries has shown that, nutritional
deficiency and growth retardation is a common occurrence amongst children
between the age of 3 and 15 months old, owing to sub optional breastfeeding and
poor complementary feeding practices (shrimptonetal 2001)
Parts of the efforts to promote
inproved breastfeeding practices focused on hospital norms and services,
legislations and institutional polices, health workers training, mass media
campains, peer counselling and educating, mother to mother support and a
combination of these strategies (Green,1999, till et al, 2004) (Quinn et, al,
2005). Specifically, the United States agency for international development
(USAID) in 1996, issues a grant to the academy for international development to
design and implement a 10-years program, known as the LINKAGES project, to
improve breastfeeding practices rapidly and at scare. Unluckily this has not
yielded and encouraging result. This is because in African countries, the
national rate for early initiation of breastfeeding were low, with Ghana having
the lowest rate (35%) following by Madagascar (34%)Quin et al, 2005) as it has
been ensured that safety, optimum growth, health survival of the human infants;
that duration of the breast feeding may also determine the strength of
mother/child born and attachment, yet exclusive breast feeding is not being in
full practices among female bankers because of the long time they spend in the
office, and non-provision of curech by their management because of the risky
environment where they work.
Breastfeeding decline significantly
from 1900 to 1960 due to increasing negative attitude towards the practice and
the development of infant formulas under modern health centres, human breast
milks considered the healthiest form for milk for babies because of its
numerous advantages over artificial formulas (National health services 2007).
Although
breast feeding is natural, the current instant feeding practice are far from
optimum because of lack of updated knowledge and training among medical and
Para medical personnel, misconception in the community, misformation by infant
food manufacturers and return to work, illness, breast engorgement and mastitis
havelead to exposure of infants to infections like gastoententis and diorrhea
which have resulted over a million death annually worldwide (Ghai, 2008).
Due to the above reason, baby friendly
hospital initiative (BFHI) was launched in 199 as part of the “innocent
declaration of 1991 our promotion, protection and support of breast feeding by
WHO and UNICFE. Baby friendly hospital are conform to its ten steps for
successful implementation of breastfeeding in the context of HIV, emergencies
as well as expansion towards other type of health facilities and the community
to discourage the use of breast milk substitute that and water within the first
six months of infant life (WHO,2012). This has shown that excusive breast
feeding is beneficial to babies, mothers, and even the community at large.
However, it is a very challenging task to engage in especially for bankers
This project intends to find out the
roles and practices of exclusive breast feeding among female bankers in IkpobaOkhaL.G.A
in Benin City Edo state who practices exclusive breast feeding.
At
the end of this study recommendation will be made for the management of banks
to provide a conducive environment for the nursing mothers to keep their babies
and also reduce the working hours for them to be able to exclusively
breastfeed.
STATEMENT OF
PROBLEM
Despite the effort and strategies that
have been put in a place by WHO and UNICEF to increase awareness of exclusive
breastfeeding through baby friendly hospitals initiatives in order to reduce
complication associated with artificial feeding like respiratory and gastro intestinal
infections. It has been observed by the researchers are still reluctant to
practice exclusive breastfeeding due to work factor and environment.
Hence, the question “what is the
knowledge and attitude of female bankers towards the attitude of exclusive
breast feeding in IkpobaOkha L.G.A Benin city
OBLECTIVES OF
THE STUDY
1.
To assess the level of knowledge and the practice of
exclusive breast feeding among female bankers.
2.
To ascertain the attitude of female bankers towards the
exclusive breastfeeding.
3.
To find out the factors influencing the practice of
exclusive breast feeding among female bankers.
4.
To ascertain the measures of improving exclusive breast
feeding to banking industry.
SIGNIFICANCE
OF STUDY
1.
It will generate dats concerning the breast feeding among
female bankers
2.
Promote the wellbeing of the children of female bankers.
3.
To increase the knowledge of female bankers towards the
awareness of the benefits of exclusives breast feeding and suggest ways to
overcome these challenges to successful practice of exclusive breast feeding.
4.
To astain the attitude of female bankers towards breast
feeding.
RESEARCH
QUESTION
1.
What is the level of knowledge of female bankers towards
exclusive breast feeding
2.
What type of attitude is developed by female bankers towards
the practice of exclusive breast feeding
3.
What are the factors influencing the effective practice of
exclusive breast feeding among female bankers
4.
What are the benefits of exclusive breast feeding among
female bankers
SCOPE OF
STUDY
Scope
of study is limited to female bankers that are of child bearing age in
IkpobaOkha local government area of Edo state Nigeria.
It headquarters are in town of Idogbo.
It has an area of 862km2 and a population of 371,106 at the 2006
census. The postal code of the area is 300.
There are about ……… bank in IkpobaOkhaL.G.A
it has about ….... Number of female bankers
LIMITATION OF
STUDY
1.
Time factor the entire program is time consuming and the
project has to be with in time frame.
2.
Lack of sufficient capital because of the economic situation
of the country
OPERATIONAL
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Knowledge: Clear perception fact or
understanding about exclusive breastfeeding.
Attitude: Position as indicating
action, feeling or mood towards exclusive breastfeeding
Practice: The way of carrying out or
doing exclusive breast feeding.
Exclusive breastfeeding: Feeding of a
baby with breast milk only for the first time months of life.
Breast: Mammary gland that secrets milk
after giving birth
Artificial milk: Milk synthesized from
plant or animals used to feed a baby.
Complementary feeding: Artificial milk
given to augment breast milk after 6 months of exclusive feeding.
BFH: Baby friendly hospital initiative
SIDs: Sudden infant death syndrome.
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