TABLE
OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
1.1
RESEARCH PROBLEMS
1.2
OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH
1.3
RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.5
RESEARCH QUESTION
1.6
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW AND
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.0
INTRODUCTION
2.1
HIV/ AIDS
2.2
IMPACT OF HIV/ AIDS
2.3
PREVALENCE OF SEXUAL ABSTINENCE
2.4
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.4.1
HEALTH
BELIEF MODEL (THE PSI BEHAVIOUR CHANGE MODEL)
2.4.2
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.0
INTRODUCTION
3.1
RESEARCH POPULATION AND SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE.
3.2
TECHNIQUE OF DATA COLLECTION
3.3
ADMINISTRATION OF RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
3.4
TECHNIQUES OF DATA ANALYSIS
3.5
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.0
INTRODUCTION
4.1 RESPONDENTS’ BIO-DATA
4.2 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.3 TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
4.4 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER
FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.0 INTRODUCTION
5.1 SUMMARY OF MAJOR FINDINGS
5.2 CONCLUSION
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Sex is a basic physiological need of every human
being, male and females are created with different class, to serve as a
compliment for each other, this complementary role includes sex, therefore a
man and a woman are expected to engage in sexual relationship. This sexual
relationship has over the years been mixed by various infections known as the
sexual transmitted diseases (STDs).
These STDs are in various forms and their effects
are also different. One among such STDs is Human Immune Virus and Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/ AIDS). These two STDs are the most dangerous
and ravaging of the STDs.
In 1981, HIV the virus of an illness (AIDS),was
identified in Los Angeles, USA. In December of the same year,
A similar virus was seen in Britain.
By March 1987, nearly 6,000 cases were reported throughout Europe.
It is one of the most serious health problems in the world today.
Though, the origin of HIV/ AIDS is said to be not
in Africa, Africa has the highest number of
casualties compared to other continents. Nigeria first witnessed the bitter
taste of HIV/AIDS was identified in April 1986 in a girl of 13 years. All age
groups are affected, but it is higher among the 20-24 years age group, with a
national prevalence of 5.6%. This age group is followed by the 25 and 29 years
old with a 5.4% national prevalence. And ever since then the number of cases
have escalated beyond imagination and millions of Nigerians are living with the
disease, in which the cure is yet to be discovered.
HIV/AIDS has various symptoms, which includes
body weakness, constant and excessive cough, stooling, lost of body weight, rashness etc there are also various
means of contacting this disease which may include, sexual relation with an
infected person, for example through vaginal intercourse, oral sex and anal
sex. Other means of getting infected includes sharing of sharp objects with an
infected person, unscreened blood transfusion, mother to child transmission etc.
The HIV/AIDS pandemic is said to be a bane on the
development of a society Thus, in Nigeria,
the scourge has affected the economic population who are supposed to
meaningfully contribute to the development of Nigeria. The use of anti –
retroviral drugs have given hope to many infected persons for a life even after
infection. These drugs are given free and are made available by donor agencies
and the federal government in order to curb the number of casualties of the
disease.
There are number of sensitization and preventive
measures that are employed to check the menace of HIV/AIDS pandemic, and these
are sex education, use of condoms and media campaigns. This research study is
poised to uncover the attitudes of youths towards the HIV/ AIDS pandemic and to
ascertain the behaviour of youths towards the various merchandize employed to
combat the menace of HIV/AIDS in Niger state and most specifically
in Federal University of Technology, Minna.
Youths constitutes the highest number of
casualties of the disease, So the study chooses the students of the said
institution as its research population. It is against this background that this
study intends to address the following questions. What is the level of
knowledge of students about HIV/AIDS. How prevalent is sexual abstinence among
students and especially students of Federal University of Technology Minna.
What are the perceptions of students towards Voluntary Counseling and Testing
as a factor in the prevention of HIV/ AIDS? What are the attitudes of students
towards HIV/ AIDS?
1.1
RESEARCH PROBLEMS
Sexual intercourse has led to sexually
transmitted infection (HIV/ AIDS) which has led so many especially the youths
to an early grave. Youths are not a homogenous population but a diverse group
with different risk, needs and access to information and services (UNAIDS
2004).
Kabiru et al (2004) reported in a study conducted
in a northern Nigerian town that the commonest high risk sexual behaviour among
the sexually active university students was having multiple sexual partners
(51.7%) followed by the history of sexually transmitted infection, (29.8%) anal
sexual intercourse (12.1%) alcohol consumption (12.8%), and intravenous drug
use (6.4%).
There is evidence of increased sexual activity
and high risk behaviours among students in tertiary institutions in Nigeria with
high prevalence rate of sexually transmitted infections (HIV/ AIDS), (16.3% and
23%, in the North and South respectively).
1.2
OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH
The general objective of this research is to
address the perceptions of students towards the prevention of HIV/ AIDS.
However, the specific objectives of this research are:
-
To assess students
knowledge and attitude towards HIV/ AIDS
-
To examine the various
ways of sexual abstinence among university students.
-
To understand the
perceptions of students towards prevention method as a factor in preventing the
spread of sexually transmitted diseases (HIV/ AIDS).
1.3
RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
H1: There is a relationship in the knowledge of
HIV/ AIDS and the prevention of the disease.
H0: There is no relationship in the knowledge of
HIV/ AIDS and the prevention of the
disease.
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Human Immune deficiency Virus (HIV) and acquire
immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has continue to be the major concern not only
to Niger state government but the federal government and the entire world. This
study may then serve as a pioneer effort towards the understanding of HIV/ AIDS
among students of federal university of technology Minna, Niger
State. The result of this study may help policy maker’s particularly
educational planners in Niger
state to design more appropriate instructional programme on HIV/ AIDS.
The study may also provide the basis for further
research on HIV/AIDS
1.5
RESEARCH QUESTION
§
To what extent has the
society try to educate its youth about HIV/AIDS?
§
Does economic status and
educational background among undergraduates determine students’ knowledge of
HV/AIDS?
§
Do parents, religious
leaders or government responsible for HIV/AIDS among students.
1.6
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research is limited to issues about the
knowledge and attitude of students towards HIV/ AIDS in federal university of
technology Minna, A convent sampling of 100 students.
The research is limited to only undergraduate
students of FUT Minna.
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