ABSTRACT
This project is aimed at producing
an oven a purposeful baking oven with temperature regulator, which is
economical and very convenient to use. The equipment was designed taking into consideration
the case of its production, maintenance and services.
The production design which
includes planning drawing and specifications of materials was directly followed
by the actual fabrication / maintenance of the equipment.
The production drawing contains all
the information regarding this equipment. These information were utilized to
decode the operation sequences of fabrication of each of the components which
includes, the body, cover plates, oven compartment, burner etc.
However, the manufacturing method
was strictly based on the production equipment available. The functional aspect
of the equipment and its durability were given adequate consideration in the
project work other aspects of concern include the reliability portability and
appearance of the equipments.
Then, this write up with details of
the process and formulation of plan for ht e physical realization of the
construction of a baking oven is divided into chapters which discussed
extensively the working principles, choice of materials, the method used in
fabrication assembly and arriving at knowing the safety requirement were not
left out.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Title
Page
Letter
of Transmittal
Release
page
Signature
Page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table
of Contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction
1.1 The Purpose of the Construction
1.2
Importance
and Specification of the Project
1.3
Scope
and Limitation
1.4
Statement
of Problem
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Literature
Review
2.1 Essential Design Parts
2.1.1 The Body
2.1.2 The Oven Burner
2.1.3 The Temperature Regulator
2.1.4 The Locking Device
2.1.5 The Temperature Sensor
2.1.6 The Gas Cylinder
2.1.7 The Pipe Line / Hose
2.2
Mode
of Operation
CHAPTER THREE
3.0
Material
Selection
3.1 Mechanical Factors that Influence Material
Selection
3.1.1 Toughness
1.1.2 Hardness
1.1.3 Fatigue
1.1.4 Factor of Safety
1.2
Environment
Factors that Influence Material Selection
3.2.1 Elevated Temperature
3.2.2 Corrosion
1.3
Analysis
Used in Construction
1.4
Calorific
Value
1.5
Quantity
of Heat by Conduction
1.6
Transfer
of Heat by Convection
1.7
Efficiency
of the Oven
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
Production
Process
4.1 Choice of Assembly and Procedure
4.1.1 Welding
4.1.2 Rivets
4.1.3 Thread
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0
Material
Cost
5.1 Machine Cost
5.2
Labour
Cost
5.3
Total
Cost of Production
CHAPTER SIX
6.0
Recommendation
6.1 Conclusion
Bibliography
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
In recognition of the fact that the
country (Nigeria has been economically and technological under developed and
has been economically dependent on the first world countries for survival and
in an effort to soloing these problems, the structural adjustment programme was
introduced by the Babangida administration in 1986. This plays embargo on the
importation of some goods as a means of inspiring out people to recognizing
indigenous technology. On the part of our engineer and technologist, the need
for our technological emancipation was brought to sharp focus and thus zeal to
bring about the much needed technological breakthrough.
It has been realized that no country
of th4e world, more especially the so-called advance countries of the world
care ready to transfer their technology and yet scale and hide the salient
areas of what they transfer from the recipient nation(s). So that they can be
called on from time to time when the need arises.
It is important therefore to point
out, that since the realization of the above fact and the introduction of the
structural adjustment programme, significant achievement have been made in the
technological field and the wide gap existing thereof has been greatly bridge.
Our engineering and technologists have been able to put all their efforts
mental and manual into research designs and executive the production mechanism.
These are the more reason why as young
engineers motive of building this project was develop so as to explicit the
potentialities in us towards the construction of the high performance
gas-baking oven with temperature regulator which in no time would compete to
any length with the original models of gas and electric baking ovens in the
market. And with the current increase in the cost of gas baking oven and
electric baking oven. We undertook this construction making use of local
available materials.
In recognition of the above facts one
of the objectives of a nation is to ensure that her inhabitants enjoy a good
standard of living at a relently low and affordably cost. Undoubtedly, this
will go a long way in the creating a sound economy, one way of achieving this
objective was to embark on the manufacture of products of both quality design
that will satisfy the basic home needs and sell competitively at the internal
scene and level.
Having used and serviced various
domestic gas baking oven, the idea of using almost local soured raw materials
in producing a product of comparative standard at affordable cost was
developed. This oven is not the first of its kind. It is a copy technology of
an already existing gas – baking oven with temperature regulator but aimed at
easing the difficulties in its maintenance and serving this equipment has got
almost all its components separated. The cover plate under which the burner
sitting is damped to the carbonate with nuts and bolts can be lifted out easily
to enhance easy access to the burner gas channels and the control valve nozzle.
The temperature gauge is fixed on top of the cabinate with the sensor inside
the high temperature region for easy dictation of temperature level in the
system. The oven burner unit is made up of two separates components parts. In
forms of damage, any of the parts can be replaced instead of ht e enter unit.
The intensity of the burning flame including
that of the oven can be altered to various temperature level by continuous
adjustments of the control valve nozzle. The opening under the cabinet which
create channel for air/gas mixture for effective burning of the gas since the flame cannot give an intensive flame
burning without enough amount of air. All these have proved that its
performance level has high degree of efficiency and reliability.
1.1 THE PURPOSE OF THE CONSTRUCTION
This project is constructed to achieve the following
purposes
1.
To
design and construct a portable gas baking oven equipment with temperature
regulator / sensor.
2.
To
design and construct a drying system with a high performance.
3.
To
design a drying system that will be
economical and low cost effective.
4.
To
design and construct a drying system that is efficient and with little or no
complication in maintenance.
5.
To
design and construct a drying equipment that could improve on existing design
taking into cognisance area of need.
1.2 IMPORTANCE AND SPECIFICATION OF THE PROJECT
The importance attached to the
design of the gas baking oven is to accomplish a fast heating and drying system
without burning or damaging the food one wants to bake. The attachment of the
temperature regulator sensor to regulate the level of temperature in the system
at a given time. This helps in dictating the engineer of temperature at which a
particular type and size of food will bake. And after setting the cylinder
gauge and control valve to the appropriate point, immediately the temperature
reaches the normal baking temperature, the oven is open to remove the food. The
sensor helps in dictating when there is burning or not.
The design intention was based on
reduced cost, longer life span, quick heating and drying technique,
compactness, portability, ease in transferring the equipment due to its light
weight and moreover to improve on the existing design. Taking into
consideration the economical situation in the country and possibility of
promoting the marketability.
1.3 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
There are various types of g as
oven dryer which poses are
i)
Industrial
oven dryer
ii)
Solar
oven dryer
iii)
Domestic
oven dryer
The design scope of this heating
and drying system is specifically for domestic use or application as well for
petty – commercial purposes due to its accelerated heating system and nature.
The limitation of the design of the
equipment is based on its specification in terms of temperature, size capacity
and areas of need to this end, the equipment is not suitable for industrial
used where a bigger volume of oven dryer and multi cooker with large
specification are ideal.
1.4 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The preservation of perishable
commodities particularly food stuffs is one of the common uses of an oven. The
other uses are to effect, heating, drying and baking of consumable materials.
In serving both functions and consider the area and situation of need such as
resort centres catering school and Ribohen and domestic homes.
Hence the need arisen more than
ever before to design a compact, easy to transfer heating and drying system of
acceptable standard, that will meet certain essential requirements such as a
portability and cost effectiveness.
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