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ASSESSMENT OF THE ATTITUDE, KNOWLEDGE, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA DUE TO COVID-19 AMONG ELDERLY PEOPLE IN DUTSE TOWN

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Product Category: Projects

Product Code: 00009597

No of Pages: 40

No of Chapters: 5

File Format: Microsoft Word

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ABSTRACT

This study assesses the attitude, knowledge, and psychological trauma experienced by elderly people in Dutse Town during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 50 elderly respondents through structured questionnaires. The findings reveal varying levels of knowledge about COVID-19, with most respondents aware of the virus's existence and basic preventive measures, such as handwashing and mask-wearing. However, misconceptions about the transmission and treatment of COVID-19 were prevalent. The study also highlights a generally cautious attitude towards the virus, with many respondents expressing adherence to recommended guidelines. Despite this, a significant portion of the elderly population reported feelings of isolation, anxiety, and fear of contracting the virus, contributing to psychological trauma. The trauma was further exacerbated by reduced social interactions, misinformation, and limited access to healthcare services. Factors such as educational attainment and exposure to accurate information were found to influence knowledge and attitudes positively. However, financial constraints and lack of family support were identified as barriers to implementing preventive measures. The study recommends targeted health education programs for elderly individuals, improved access to mental health support, and enhanced communication strategies to combat misinformation. Community-based initiatives to provide social and emotional support for the elderly during public health crises are also advocated to mitigate the psychological impacts of pandemics like COVID-19. This research underscores the importance of addressing the unique vulnerabilities of elderly populations in managing both the physical and psychological challenges posed by global health emergencies.









TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Declaration  -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           ii

Certification            -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           iii

Approval Page                     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           iv

Dedication   -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           v

Acknowledgement  -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           vi

Table of contents                 -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           vii

Abstract       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           ix

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           1

1.1 Background of the Study          -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           2

1.2 Statement of the Problem          -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           3

1.3 Justification of the Study          -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           4

1.4 Aim and Objectives       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           4

1.5 Significance of the Study          -           -           -           -           -           -           -                       4

1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study       -           -           -           -           -           -           5


CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature review           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           6

2.1 Introduction      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           6

2.2 The Impact of COVID-19-     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           7

2.3 Conceptual Framework-            -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           11

2.4 Knowledge and Attitudes Toward COVID-19-        -           -           -           -           -           13

2.5 Psychological Impact of COVID-19   -           -           -           -           -           -           14


CHAPTER THHREE

3.0 Material and Method     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           17

3.1 Study Area        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           17

3.2 Research Design            -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           17

3.3 Population of the Study     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           17

3.4 Data Collection -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           18

3.4 Sample Size       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           18

3.6 Method of Data Analysis                      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           18


CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.0 Introduction      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           19

4.1 Result    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           19

4.2 Discussion                     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           23


CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusion         -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           25

5.2 Recommendations         -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           25

      References         -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           26

      Questionnaire    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           28

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 


CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted societies worldwide, with older adults facing heightened vulnerability due to their increased risk of severe illness and mortality. In Dutse Town, a locality where the elderly population is significant, the pandemic has posed unique challenges that extend beyond physical health. Understanding how these challenges have affected elderly individuals' attitudes, knowledge, and psychological well-being is crucial for tailoring effective support and intervention strategies.

Elderly individuals are often at the center of public health concerns during pandemics, as they are more susceptible to severe outcomes from infectious diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about a complex interplay of factors affecting the elderly, including limited access to accurate health information, heightened feelings of isolation, and increased stress related to health risks. (Smith & Thompson 2023). These factors can influence their attitudes toward preventive measures, such as social distancing and vaccination, and contribute to psychological trauma. (Garcia & Lopez 2022).

In Dutse Town, the impact of COVID-19 on the elderly has yet to be thoroughly examined. Preliminary observations suggest that misinformation, fear of the virus, and disruptions to daily routines have significantly affected their mental health. (Guan et al., 2020). Psychological trauma, characterized by increased anxiety, depression, and stress, may result from a combination of factors including social isolation, health-related concerns, and changes in routine care. (Salah et al., 2021).

This project aims to bridge the gap in understanding by investigating the attitudes, knowledge, and psychological trauma experienced by elderly residents of Dutse Town. By assessing these aspects, the study will provide valuable insights into the specific needs and challenges faced by this population during the pandemic. The findings will be instrumental in developing targeted public health strategies, educational programs, and psychological support services to better address the needs of the elderly and enhance their resilience in the face of ongoing and future health crises.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2019 marked the beginning of one of the most challenging global health crises of the 21st century. Originating from the city of Wuhan in China, the virus quickly spread across continents, leading to a global pandemic. As nations scrambled to contain the virus, governments implemented strict public health measures, including lockdowns, travel restrictions, and social distancing to prevent further spread. The elderly, defined as individuals aged 60 years and older, were particularly at risk due to their age-related physiological vulnerabilities and higher rates of pre-existing medical conditions, making them more susceptible to severe illness and mortality from the virus.

The pandemic’s impact has not only been physical but also psychological. The elderly population, already facing significant health challenges due to aging, found themselves more isolated and vulnerable to mental health issues, including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress. The social and emotional effects of the pandemic were compounded by the fear of contracting the virus, changes in daily routines, and the cessation of social interactions with friends, family, and community members. These psychological impacts are often overlooked when discussing the health effects of the pandemic, yet they represent a crucial aspect of the elderly’s experience during this time.

In Nigeria, the challenges faced by the elderly during the pandemic have been particularly acute. The country, with a population of over 200 million, has one of the largest elderly populations in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite this, public health systems, particularly in rural and semi-urban areas, have struggled to meet the needs of this vulnerable group. The elderly population in Nigeria, especially in towns like Dutse, the capital of Jigawa State, has had to contend with a lack of access to accurate health information, inadequate healthcare facilities, and socio-cultural factors that may hinder their understanding and adoption of preventive measures. In addition to these factors, many elderly Nigerians live in conditions that limit their access to essential social support networks, further exacerbating the psychological impact of the pandemic.

This research focuses on Dutse Town and seeks to explore the attitude, knowledge, and psychological trauma due to COVID-19 among elderly individuals in the region. By investigating these three components, the study aims to provide a deeper understanding of how the elderly in Dutse Town have been affected by the pandemic. Specifically, it will explore the elderly's knowledge about the virus, their attitudes toward preventive measures such as wearing masks and vaccinations, and the psychological trauma resulting from the fear of illness, social isolation, and changes in their daily routines.

 

1.1 Background of the Study

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread disruptions globally, affecting the physical, emotional, and social well-being of people of all ages. However, the elderly population has been particularly vulnerable due to their weakened immune systems and increased likelihood of pre-existing health conditions. As the virus spread, it became apparent that older adults were more likely to experience severe illness, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19. In addition to the direct health impacts of the virus, the pandemic has also posed significant challenges to the mental and emotional health of the elderly, a group already at heightened risk for mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety.

In Nigeria, where healthcare resources are often scarce, elderly individuals face compounded risks. They often have limited access to health information, particularly in rural and semi-urban areas, which makes them more vulnerable to misinformation and inadequate health literacy. This is especially concerning given the rapid spread of COVID-19 and the constant updates regarding health protocols and safety measures. Without adequate knowledge of how the virus spreads or how to protect themselves, elderly individuals may engage in behaviors that increase their risk of contracting COVID-19.

Further, the Nigerian elderly population is faced with significant socio-cultural factors that influence their responses to health information. In many communities, elders hold positions of authority within the family and the wider society. However, they may also be subject to cultural beliefs and practices that contradict scientific knowledge, such as dismissing the severity of the virus or believing in local myths that hinder compliance with preventive measures. Additionally, many elderly individuals live in environments where social isolation is a common issue, and the COVID-19 pandemic has only exacerbated this problem by limiting opportunities for social interactions and community support.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted elderly populations globally, with unique challenges experienced by older adults in Dutse Town. Despite the global focus on the health impacts of COVID-19, there is limited understanding of how the pandemic has specifically affected the elderly in this local context.

Elderly individuals are particularly vulnerable to severe outcomes from COVID-19, which has heightened their risk of physical illness and has introduced new sources of stress. Preliminary reports suggest that this demographic faces significant barriers to accessing accurate health information, which can lead to misinformation and confusion about the virus, preventive measures, and vaccination. This lack of clear information may influence their attitudes towards necessary health behaviors and increase their susceptibility to psychological trauma.

1.3 Justification of the Study

This study is justified by the urgent need to address the specific health and psychological challenges faced by the elderly in Dutse Town during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results will contribute valuable knowledge for improving public health strategies, educational programs, and support services, ultimately fostering a more informed and resilient elderly population.

1.4 Aim and Objectives

1.4.1 Aim

To evaluate the attitudes, knowledge, and psychological trauma experienced by elderly individuals in Dutse Town due to COVID-19.

1.4.2 Objectives

  - To assess the level of knowledge regarding COVID-19 symptoms, prevention, and vaccination.

  - To evaluate attitudes towards preventive measures and vaccination.

  - To measure psychological trauma, including anxiety, depression, and stress.

  - To identify coping strategies and support needs.

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study will provide valuable insights into the specific needs and challenges faced by elderly people in Dutse Town due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings will inform targeted interventions and public health strategies to support this vulnerable group better. Additionally, understanding their experiences will help in designing appropriate mental health services and educational programs.

1.6 Scope and Limitation

This research work will be conducted on elderly residents of Dutse Town, Jigawa state from 2019 to September 2024, among elderly residents of Dutse.

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