HUMAN RELATIONSHIP AS A TOOLS FOR EFFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (A CASE STUDY OF DUTSE LOCAL GOVERNMENT)

ABSTRACT

The study is titled the Human Relationship as a tools for effective development in public administration Jigawa State: A case study of Dutse local government, Human relation in an organization is a kind of relation that exists among the personnel both subordinate and superior. This relationship could serve as toots for effective development, in public administration because if a policy of an organization is made opened the personnel will be at liberty to interact with each other and the appropriate problem confronting the organization and as such everybody will be happy with each other and it will equally boost development in organization. The primary objective of this study is to examine the role of human relationships in advancing development in Dutse local government. Specifically, this research aims to: Investigate the extent to which human relationships influence development in Dutse local government. The study is limited only on the human relation In relation to public administration in Dutse local government area because of time because it must utilize your time, time is very important in life and financial problems. Therefore research intends to adopt two methods primary and secondary methods subject in conducting research. Finally research recommended that in order to solve some obstacles associated with human relation to effective development program of Dutse Local Government should adopt the following strategies; Creation of awareness in human relation: the government supposes to provide the channel for human relation enlightenment on their roles in community development but thus, the government cannot do that alone without contribution of human relation in term of community effort.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page…………………………………….………..………………………………………i

Declaration page………………………………………………………………………………ii

Approval page……………………………………..…….……………………………………iii

Dedication……………………………………………………………………………...………iv

Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………….… v

Table of content ……………………………………………………………………………….. vi

Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………vii

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study……………………………………………………………………1

1.2 Statement of the problem…………….………………………………………………………2

1.3 Amis and objectives of the study …………………………….……………………………2

1.4 Research question………………………………………………………………………….…3

1.5 Research hypothesis……………………………………………………………………….…3

1.6 Significance of the study……………………………………………………………..………4

1.7 Scope of the study……………………………………………………………………….……4

1.8 Limitation of the study……………………………………………………………..………4

1.9 Background of the study area……………………………………………………….……….4

1.10 Definition of Terms……….. ……………………………………………………….………5

1.11 Plan of the Study……….. ……………………………………………………….………..6

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Literature Review  ……….. ……………………………………………………………..7

2.2 Measurement of Good Human Relations ……….. …………………………………………7

2.3 Objective of Human Relation ……….. ………………………………………………………7

2.4 Motto of Human Relation ……….. ………………………………………………………….8

2.5 Human Relation Movement ……….. ………………………………………………………8

2.6 Human Relation Experiment Studies ……….. ………………………………………………8

2.7 Practice Aspect in Human Relation ……….. ……………………………………………….9

2.8 The Supervisor and Emotional Problem ……….. ……………………………………………11

2.9 Group Activity of Human Relationship ……….. ……………………………………………12

2.10 Research In To Human Relation ……….. …………………………………………………13

2.11 Fundamental Problem in Human Relationship ……….. ……………………………………14

2.12 Ways of Improving Human Relationships ……….. ………………………………………15

2.13 Theoretical and Concept Background ……….. ……………………………………………16

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………………….…..21

3.2 Research design…………………………………………………………………….……21

3.3 Sample size ……………………………………………………………………………….22

3.4 Sampling Procedure…………………………………………………………………….22

3.5 Research Instrument Used………..  …………………………………………………….22

3.6 Method of Data Analysis .. …………………………………………………………………23

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………24

4.2 Demographic Data of the respondent ……………………………………………………. 25

4.3 Responses Presentation and Analysis ………………………………………………………..27

4.4 Testing of Hypothesis ……. ………………………………………………………………… 29

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………31

5.2 Conclusions……………………………………………………………………………….32

5.3 Recommendations…………………………………………………………………………32

References…………………………………………………………………………………….. 35

Appendix …………………………………………………………………………………

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Human relation in an organization is a kind of relation that exists among the personnel both subordinate and superior. This relationship could serve as toots for effective development, in public administration because if a policy of an organization is made opened the personnel will be at liberty to interact with each other and the appropriate problem confronting the organization and as such everybody will be happy with each other and it will equally boost development in organization.

However, it is obvious that unity is cover stone of Success; in whatever people intend to do in an organization the primarily aim is to achieve the organization goal and objective. Viewing this, the relation that exist among the personnel serve as a tool for effective public administration it is also clear that public administration in this aspect is the administration that related to the public.

The role of human relationships in fostering effective development within a community or region cannot be overstated. In the context of Jigawa State, Nigeria, the significance of human relationships as a tool for progress and sustainable development is particularly pertinent. Jigawa State, located in the northwestern region of Nigeria, is blessed with abundant natural resources, a rich cultural heritage, and a diverse population. However, like many regions in Nigeria and across the world, it faces a multitude of developmental challenges, such as poverty, inadequate infrastructure, and educational disparities.

In the pursuit of holistic development, it is crucial to recognize that development is not solely measured in economic terms but encompasses improvements in various aspects of life, including education, healthcare, infrastructure, and social well-being. This multifaceted perspective on development underscores the importance of human relationships in the state's progress.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

It observes that, in all spheres of public and private sector of life. The human relations have been subject to understand each other while their ability to participate fully and in equal term with men in policies, administration development. There are various ways through which problem be managed effectively. Avoidance is the most appropriate when the problem by placing another needs and concern above one’s own forcing this means satisfying ones need at the expense of another. Compromise an approach to problem resolution in which each party given up something of value.

1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

The primary objective of this study is to examine the role of human relationships in advancing development in Dutse local government. Specifically, this research aims to:

1. Investigate the extent to which human relationships influence development in Dutse local government.
2. Identify the key drivers of successful human relationships in the state.
3. Analyze the challenges and barriers that hinder the utilization of human relationships for development.
4. Suggest strategies and recommendations for enhancing the role of human relationships in Dutse local government's development.

 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION

i.            How to utilize both the human & material resources ineffective human relationship in an organization?

ii.            Does the human relationship ensure proper and smooth working condition among the staffs?

iii.            To what extent does the human relationship establish good relations among the staffs?

iv.            How to create a better social, political, and economic environment?

v.            How to reduce the disagreement between the employees in the organization?

1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis is a proportion that is stated in a testable form and it predict a particular relationship between two or more variable it has been defined as a tentative explanation for which the evidence necessary for testing it at least potentially available bailey (1994:43).

Hypothesis is the tools of quantitative studies and is only found in such studies. In fact, hypothesis is an unproven and yet tentative assertion about how thing works.

There are two basically different types of hypothesis namely are as follows:

Ø  NULL HYPOTHESIS: Is usually referred to as testable hypothesis. It stated that there is no relationship or difference between variable and that any different found will be due to change and not as a result of the interplay of the two variables.

Ø  Alternative or directional hypothesis: ¡s usually referred to as the researcher hypothesis. It states the nature of the relationship or difference. In other words, hypothesis is said to be directional when it predict a difference and indicate the expected direction of that difference.

A null hypothesis is usually donated by symbol HO, and alternative hypothesis ¡s usually donated by the symbol of HI.

Ho: Good human relationship in an organization ensures effective development.

HI: Lack of good human relationship hinders rapid development.

HO: Does good human relationship in a community encourage government toward development.

HI: Does human relationship in a community not encourage government effective development.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:

The significance, important of this study cannot be over emphasized as it will be important to the government, student and individual more especially employees in the organization.

1.7 SCOPE OF LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study is only on the human relation in relation to public organizations, and it encompasses only the organizations, ministries that its under the Dutse Local Government Area.

1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study is limited only on the human relation In relation to public administration in Dutse local government area because of time because it must utilize your time, time is very important in life and financial problems.

1.9 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE AREA OF STUDY:

The word Dutse means rock which derived it name from the hilly rock which surrounded the town and cover approximately about five (5) miles. Because of the security offered by the rock, make people to concentrate around them. The present Dutse town “GARU” was Purposely closed as a settlement for protection to the Populace and it ¡s naturally Surrounded as an entries, this given to Occupant the best Opportunity of checking and dealing with elders. Like many part of Nigerian history showing the original name of the town (DUTSE GADAWUR) which come as a result of an accident during hunting expenditure Dutse is an among the most important town in Hausa land with history back to century before the Fulani Jahad of Shehu Usman Danfodiyo.

Dutse is situating between latitude 114 No. and 11 No. and longitude 900w 450c the emirate comprises of seven local governments namely which are as follows: Gwaram, Kiyawa, Jahun, Miga, Buji, Birnin Kudu, and finally Dutse itself, with the copulation according to real census of 2006 in nutshell, Dutse continuous to be under Kano until general Ibrahirn Badamasi Babangida (IBB) who on 27hi August, 1991.

Created Jigawa state with 27 Local Governments, Dutse as a headquarters of Jigawa state.

1.10 DEFINITION OF THE TERM

a.      Human Relation: The human relations and social psychological theories focus on the human factor of work that was given little attention by scientific management. The exponent of the human relation theory was particularly interested in human motivation, group relationship and leadership.

b.      Development: According to Joseph Lapalombra define development as self-sustained growth; a continuous process of growth which is reduced by the force within the system and which is absorbed by the system. It is ability to absorb varieties and changing type of political demand and organization.

c.       Public Administration: According to Frederic Rips in his book the ecology of public administration defined administration he called (PODCORBS) i.e. Planning, Organizing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, Budgeting and Staffing. And according to advance learner dictionary defined administration “as Management of Policy Administration also Manages Public Affairs.

d.      Effective Development: Effective development means having an effect or able to about the result intended. And also when we consider the definition of effect is what happens to a person or thing because of another thing. Here the effective of development or what happen when people has related with others.

Development is a organize: process which entails progressive change in the society and economic structure of the society on people activities as well as that which entails the eradication of poverty, hunger and malnutrition reduction of unemployment and consequently raising people level income.

1.11 Plan of the Study

This research is organized into five chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the study, outlining the background, statement of the problem, research objectives, research questions, significance of the study, and the scope of the research. Chapter 2 will review relevant literature on human relationships and development. Chapter 3 will detail the research methodology, while Chapter 4 presents the findings and analysis. Finally, Chapter 5 will offer conclusions, recommendations, and avenues for future research.

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