TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Tittle page i
Approval
page ii
Declaration
page iii
Certification iv
Dedication v
Acknowledgement vi
Abstract ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION.. 1
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY.. 2
1.2 STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM... 3
1.3 AIMS AND
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY.. 4
1.4 HYPOTHESIS
FORMULATION.. 5
1.5
SIGNIFICATION OF THE STUDY.. 5
1.6 SCOPE AND
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY.. 6
1.7 HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY AREA.. 6
1.8 DEFINITION
OF TERMS. 8
1.9 PLAN OF THE
STUDY.. 8
CHAPTER TWO.. 9
2.1
INTRODUCTION.. 9
2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK.. 10
2.2.1
MOTIVATION IN THE WORK SITUATION AND ITS EFFECT ON THE INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY 12
2.3 EMPIRICAL
LITERATURE REVIEW MOTIVATION.. 15
2.4 THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK.. 17
2.4.1 VICTOR
VROOM EXPECTANCY THEORY.. 18
2.4.2 EQUITY
THEORY OF MOTIVATION.. 19
2.4.3 LOCAL
EADERSHIP AND MOTIVATION IN DUTSE FNMENT.. 20
2.4.4 DOUGLAS
MCGREGOR THEORY X AND Y.. 22
2.4.5
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTIVATION JOB PERFORMANCE AN JOB SATISFACTION.. 23
2.4.6 GOALS AND
OBJECTIVES IN AN ORGANIZATION.. 24
CHAPTER THREE.. 26
3.1
INTRODUCTION.. 26
3.2 POPULATION
OF THE STUDY AREA.. 26
3.3 SAMPLE SIZE.. 26
3.4 SAMPLING
TECHNIQUES. 27
3.5 METHODOLOGY
OF DATA COLLECTION.. 27
3.6 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT.. 29
3.8 DATA
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS. 29
CHAPTER FOUR.. 30
4.1
INTRODUCTION.. 30
4.2 DEMOGRAPHIC DATA OF THE PRESENTATION.. 30
CHAPTER FIVE.. 38
5.1 SUMMARY.. 38
5.2 CONCLUSION.. 38
5.3
RECOMMENDATION.. 39
5.4 SUGGESTION.. 40
BIBLIOGRAPHY.. 41
APPENDIX
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This aspect of study is a unit in management
study. It involves motivation in an organization which refers to human satisfaction.
Since human being depends on some
basic needs in life Motivation is very important element to every employee be
it private or public sector.
Motivation can be refer to an
incentive given to an employee to enable them carryout their duties
effectively.
Abraham Maslow, reckoned
psychologist in this theory of hierarchy of human need identified these needs
as follows:
1. The psychological need
2. Security need
3. Social need
4. Esteem need and
5. Self-actualization
Munro Fresh, an industrial
psychologist developed a frame work for interviewing which he name “The five
points plan” under which he saw motivation as the interest pattern of
individuals. These are people who like the active out door life of playing
games like tannins football etc others pursuit reading unless the type of job
offered meet the interest patter motivation on the other hand, refer to ways
urges, aspiration desires and the need for human being to control and explain
their behaviors. It is anything that can make a person changes their behavior
pattern toward the performance of their duties.
Local
government as a tier of government has generated much interest globally. This global interest in the local governments
as an agent of mass mobilization and development has also given rise to series
of scholarly postulations. It was from this angle that some have argues that
the local government system like constitutions transported into developing
countries did not suit the political culture of the areas and therefore proved
functionally unsatisfactory. 'They therefore called for a reform of the present
system in order to make them suitable for the political culture of the people
and more responsible to their yearnings and aspirations. As if trying to toe on
the same line of argument, Barbar (1974), argued “that in a situation where the
state wants to enrich democracy? local autonomy can be achieved through local
government".
An
integral function of management is proposition and execution of preplanned
programmes which promote and forward its workers behavior towards greater
production r output and commitment to organizational goals. These preplan
programmes are inform of inceptive drivers, re wards and desires
the workers as expected information as a way of helping the workers
to realize the personal aspiration, they brought along in to the employment,
over the years it has draw on social and industrial psychologist that apart
from the in hairnet instruct in man to work in anticipation of a reward usually
in a monetary terms.
There
has to be programmes to act as additional stimulus on workers to put in more
terms of output. Indeed, these programmes, management scholars helped by
industrial and social psychologies have theorized extensively what should
constitute motivators among these
theorist that contribute expensively are Elton Mayo, Abraham Maslow, Fredrck
Herberg, Douglas oft the classical theorist of motivation. Although they wrote
has universal application.
Motivation
has an inspirational connotation by management and followers to strike
successfully a greater productivity of an organization. Some people see that
motivation as a major key factor which contributed to the development of an
organization. Numerous definition of motivation has been proposed which capture
from major aspect of efficiency and productivity of an organization.
Motivation
is the process of accomplishment of an organizational goals, this research
investigated the extend it rendered its function at Hadejia local government
Area of Jigawa Sate. The research will use types of motivation propounded by so
many writers a like Abraham Maslow, Douglas McGregor, Fresrick w. Taylor and
Harberg etc. improving beneficial to Hadejia local government Area.
The
research will intend to find out what is mean by motivation, types of
motivation on how employees can be motivation. Basically intend to give
suggestions how a workers interest can improved on attainment of high
performance and efficiency through encouragement.
This
work also intends to render useful recommendation to the managers of the nation
or today managers and the nation’s economics and social institution the best of
the concept that would greatly improve the work attitude and increase the
output of Nigeria employees.
The
purpose of this study is to investigate the effect on motivation of senior and
junior staff (employees) of the Local Government which has been witnessing
staff turnover both in the personnel and operative fields. The resignation of
services by the personnel and operative staff call for critical examination of
the circumstance leading to the unpredicted development in the government.
Some
of these problems include the existing guideline and procedure of the promotion
of staff in the local government.
Another
problem is lack of concern for the staff, the local government is the mostly
concern on their income. These trends have contributed greatly to inadequate
motivation of the staff to enhance productivity. For instance in an
organization when the employers are not carry out their duties to identify
employee strengths and weakness, to provide a basic necessities for rewarding
employees in relation to their contribution to organization goals.
There
are mostly likely problem of staff performance is to draw attention to present
the job in accordance to reward people (workers) fairly and to identify those
with potential form promotion or increment, security, health insurance and
other benefits will be assessed objective based on performance on agreed job deception
and objective set by his/her officer.
The
above factors and policies which are the major obstacles to motivated the
employees higher productivity among them (Senior and junior staff) of the local
government is what the research work is determined of critically and recommended
useful solution to the problems
The
aims and objectives of this study are
1.
To investigate the effort of motivated on the performance of the staff in an
organization.
2.
To find out why staff are motivated and what are the results of such
motivation.
3.
To identify the effect of inadequate motivation as it relates to effective
performance of staff on their official duties.
4.
To arrive the extent at which staff are motivation and the importance of
motivation to the rapid development of an organization
5.
To identify the various method in which Dutse Local Government in Jigawa State
uses in motivating their employees in order to retain them.
1.
Motivation is a necessary tool for the achievement organization’s goals and
objectives.
2.
The level of efficiency of worker in an organization is determined by the
magnitude of motivation provided by the management
3.
There are divers motives in individual workers, the more attention given up the
best performance in them.
4.
The magnitude of motivation determines the level of efficiencies of workers in
any organization.
The
significance of this study will of good benefit to anybody who needs to know
about motivation as it relates to effective and efficient performance of duty
by a staff. It could be also help the students who need to understand more on
motivation.
This
project will also be useful to the workers in both public and private
organizations of Nigeria economy who are not aware of importance of motivation
as it related discharging their responsibility successfully and efficiently
without any complain.
This
study is on motivation of one local government that is Dutse local Government
Area in Jigawa State This is a result of fact that time and money will not only
motivate the employees, there are other ways of relationship between the employer
and employees in working situation.
Some
of these problems are lack of cooperation between the workers and the employer
and absenteeism rate.
Furthermore,
some of the employee ear-marked for interview were suspicious of the purpose of
the research and refuse to disclose some vital information.
(Dutse
Local Government Area of Jigawa State).
Dutse
mean “Rock” or “Mountain” got its name from the hilly rocks which surround the
town and cover an approximate area of about five (5 miles). Dutse also on
sand-dunes (singular-Jigawa, plural Jigayi). the rocks an sand dunes stand for
tens of fact above the sea level. Because of security offered by the rocks one
finds a high concentration of people and them.
The
present Dutse town “GARU” was purposely chosen as the settlement because of the
security aspect given to the populace. It is naturally surrounded by some walls
giving a narrow passage to the interior thus given the occupants the best
opportunity of checking and dealing with invaders like many parts of Nigeria,
traditions claim that inhabitant of the town now known as “DUTSE” can as a
result of incident during hunting expeditions.
Dutse
is one of the important towns in Hausa land with long history dating to
centuries before the Fulani Jihad of Shehu Usman Dan Fodio
Dutse is situated between latitudes 11400 and 110
longitude 9045E
The Emirate comprises of five Local Government
Area which are Gwaram, Birin kudu, kiyawa, Jahun and Dutse. Ti shares common
border with kano, Ningi, Jama’are, Katagun, Hadija and Ringim emirates.
Dutse became state capital of Jigawa state ¡n (1991) when the new states were created in Nigeria. Majority of the people ¡n Dutse area are Muslims by religion and Hausa/Fulani by tribe. The culture of the people in the area is normal Hausa/Fulani cultural behavior arid traditions.
Herzberg research purpose to find a two factors explanation of motivation, the first groups called “Maintenance of Hygiene factor” are the group that leads such as company policy and administration supervision, working condition inter-personal life. These were found to associate with dissatisfaction”. Their present will not motivate people in an organization their best will only produce dissatisfaction hence motivation will not be effective of hygiene factors are missing. It relates to job content rather than job content. In the second group, Herzberg list contained satisfaction which are therefore the motivators and related to job content.
Motivation plays vital role in effective performance of the staff. It is a well known fact that workers perform better if they are adequately motivated. every organization expects greater output and profit, therefore if this to be achieved, then existing staff must be motivated to enable them discharge their duties competently and efficiently.
The
key terms are motivation. Tool, organization, Objectives and Goal.
Motivation:
is derived from the word “motive” which means need, desires, want or drives
within an individuals
Tool:
According to Oxford Advanced leaner’s Dictionary defined tool as a thing that
helps you to do your job or achieve something Organization “SCHEN” Schen Defines
organization as the retinal coordinating as the achievement of co explicit
purpose or goals which is normally done through hierarchy of activities and
responsibility
Objectives:
In Oxford Advance learner’s Dictionary defined objective as something that you
are trying to achieve.
Goal:
Goal can be defined as long time table set to accomplish in particular period of time.
1.9
PLAN OF THE STUDY
This
project is carried out to investigate on “Motivation as an essential tools in
attaining organizational goals and objectives a case study of Dutse local
government”
The project contain five chapters,
chapter one deals with general introduction, background of the study, statement
of the research problem, aims and objectives of the study, research hypothesis,
significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of key
terms and plan of the study.
Chapter two consists of literature
review/ theoretical frame work of the project, conceptual framework, and other
things.
Chapter three contains research
methodology, introduction of the chapter,
research design, Population of the study, sample size, instrument of
data collection, sampling techniques and procedure, method of data analysis and
collection.
Chapter
four consists of data presentation and analysis, introduction of the chapter,
data presentation, Demographic Data of the Respondent.
Finally,
chapter five of this project comprises the Summary, conclusion, and
recommendations, Bibliography and Questionnaire design.
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