ABSTRACT
This research work necessitated by the need to effectively understand the effects of Human Relation Development in organizational growth. The attainment of organizational goal are very much dependent on the nature of human relation development and ways to execute them. This is important because of the individualistic differences of employees and the cultural framework of the organization under review.the study adopted Elton Mayors Human Relation they as the theoretical framework and basis of analysis. On the course of this resaerch study,60 questionnieres were distrubuted of which 53 were succesfully retrieved.On every business enterprise big or small, public and private attempts to initiate and input certain human relation development with a view to attaining the set goals and increase productivity and establish good cooperate image in the eye of the public. The research looked into the following findings. It is duly established that some flaws exists in training and development of human relation in Hadejia Area office and the situation would worsen in the near future if appropriate actions are not taken. There should be an effective training programme that is good enough in maintaining cordial relationship between the management and the labour, which will help in achieving the organizational growth and objectives. That overseas training programmes are not better than local training programmes.That the employer/employee relationship in organisations needs more improvement to boost effective training and development of personnel. In addition, the following recommendations were made, that public organisation should endeavour to encourage cordial relationship between the management and the labour as a safe way of achieving organizational growth. To keep peace with the present policy and training and development of human relation both within and outside it. So as to live upto the standard for which the institution was established. That public organisation should encourage overseas training programs to be able to keep or cope with the challenges of time and the dynamic nature of industrial technology. Finally, in its major policies should be modified for effective attainment of its set goal.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
TITLE
PAGE………………………………………...................................................
DECLARATION……………………………………………………………………..
CERTIFICATION……………………………………………………………………
APPROVAL PAGE………………………………………………………………….
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………………...
DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………….
TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………….
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………
CHAPTER ONE
1.1INTRODUCTION1
1.2 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS/ASSUMPTION
1.6STATEMENT OF THE STUDY
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
1.7 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY AREA
1.8DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT
1.9 PLAN OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.3IMPOTANT OF HUMAN RELATION IN WORK PLACE
2.4…OBJECTIVES OF HUMAN RELATION
2.5MOTTO OF HUMAN RELATIONS
2.6 CONTRIBUTION OF HUMAN RELATIONS APPROARCH THEORY
OD ADMINISTRATIO
2.7THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.7.1 THEORY OF HUMAN RELATION
2.7.1 THE HAWTHORINE EXPERIMENT
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN
3.3 3.3 POPULATION OF THE STUDY
3.4 SAMPLE SIZE
3.4 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES SOURCE OF DAT
3.6 MOTHED OF DATA COLLECTION SAMPLING MOTHED
3.7 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
3.8 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS.
3.9 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND
ANALYSIS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 DEMOGRAPHIC DATA OF RESPONDENTS
4.3 RESPONSE PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION, SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION
5.2 SUMMARY
5.3 CONCLUSION
5.4 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
The first chapter (Chapter one)
contained General introduction, Background of the study, Aims and Objective of
the study, statement of the problems, Research question/hypotheses,
significance of the study, limitation of the study, historical background of the
study area, definition of terms/ Concept are also found there.
Moreover the basic of work-life
stars with the individual, then the basic group and further the organization as
a formal entity. The reality is that, the individual is a major analytic point
in understanding group behaviors in the organization. In view of this Carew
(1998) pointed out that as a person who works with groups, the important
question for us is “How can understanding of the dynamic of groups help us do a
job? It seems vital that a group leader whether a manager or superior needs to
understand the people under his/her control. Thus an understanding a particular
groups seems to divide itself into at least three parts;
Knowledge about the kind forces or
condition which needs to be dealt in a group situation (that is interpersonal
relations, Communication, motivation of members, processes of group
development).
Principles describing how each of
these affect the situation and one another; and skills in observing and
recognizing these various forces and their quality as they occur in a
particular group as a particular time. However, the importance of human
beings engaged by an enterprise for the realization of its goals and the
realization of the importance is the easier aspect of the problems.
According to Mayo Elton (1945)
pointed out some degree of human relations after carrying out some on component
in USA title Hawthorne component which included informal groups, communication
and affective collaboration of employees through cooperation and understanding.
1.1
BACKGROUNG OF THE STUDY
Human relation is an organization is
a kind of relation that consist among the personnel’s books subordinate and
superior. This relationship could serve as a tools for affective development in
public organization because if a policy of an organization is made opened the
personnel will be at liberty to interact with each and no appreciate the
problems confronting the organization, and as such everybody will be happy with
each other and it will be equally boost development in organization. However,
it is obvious that writing is a cover stone of success, in whatever people
intend to do in an organization, the primarily aims is to achieve the
organizational goals. Viewing this, the relation that consist among the
personnel severs as a tool for effective public administration it is also clear
that public organization, in this aspect is the administration that related to
the public.
This
approach tends to understand how psychological and social processes interacts
with the work situation to influence performance. Human relations is the first
major approach to emphasis information work relationship and work satisfaction.
Thus, Ezinwa and Agomon (1998) assented that human relations encompasses the
art and practice of using systematic knowledge of human behavior to achieve
organization and personal objective. Organization are made up of individual,
the immediate environment and the public that contributes to the success or failure
of the organization.
Onasanyo (1990) in a similar vein
believes that human relations, being a behavioral science which deals with
inter-personal inter-work group management of employee’s relationship in a
social seems to be the only tool for organizational productivity and
development. The reason is not for fetched since effects of Elton mayo and his
research colleagues in the 1920s on behavioral approach to management succeeded
to have yielded much more factual analysis in terms of the chicken-egg relationship
between human relations and productivity and productivity in an organization.
Hicks and Byers (1982) in their
contributions defined human relations as the “the integration of people into a
work situation in a way that motivates them to work together, productivity and
co-operatively with economic, psychological and social satisfaction.’ This
further confirms that paying attention to the human element enhances greater
productivity and performance.
Human relations is a definitive
management function which helps to establish and maintain mutual line of
communication, understanding acceptance and cooperation between an organization
and it’s human. It involves the management to keep opinions, defines, and as
well emphasizes the responsibility of management to serve the human interest.
However, human relations has long
attained professional status lout it has been discrived that most organizations
are not taking full advantage of its efficient utilization when dealing with
their publics due to ignorance or improper understanding as to the
effectiveness of the discipline to organizational success. Thus effect the need
for this study in order to highlight the effect of human relations practice on
organization productivity.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Inspire of the glaring importance of
human relations in the realization of organizational goals, one still hears
complaints of poor performance of books employees and employers in the
organization even still this day. Beside, employees can resign from their
appointment as a result of the managerial harshness and autocracy, employees
having their appointment terminated due to poor performance or failure to
perform, the organization may gather up because of low productivity, poor
employees and employers’ relationship inability to meet the organization’s set
targets or mismanagement.
1.3
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
i.
Find out the effects of human relation
practice towards the achievement of organizational goals.
ii.
Examine whether human relations has an import
on workers performance.
iii.
To find how Hadejia Local government is
controlling its human relation to effect development.
iv.
To know the factors that hinders the
development of public organization.
v.
To find out the administrative
bottlenecks.
vi.
To find out how human relation can faster
community development in running day to day affairs of the local government.
1.4
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Engaging in research of this types,
there must some intention in which the research grounded in other words, one
need’s to formulate some proposition that will assist in guiding the worker
from this, use are making reference to hypothesis. By hypothesis we mean
scientific guesses which are temporal testable and verifiable.
We should also know that, hypothesis
and inevitable research tools, because they provide the link between the
research problems and the empirical evidence.
As
such following are selected to serve as may tentative scientific guesses.
i.
Does human relation hare implication in
the development of public organization.
ii.
Human relation do not have effect in the
development of public organization.
iii.
Does human relation contribute towards the
development of public organization?
iv.
Human relation contribute
1.5
STATEMENT OF THE STUDY
In view of the constant struggle by
the organization to balance both the employees’ needs and the organizational
needs for the effective actualization of set goals, it is expected that the
study would be at good benefits to executives, managers’ future business
establishment and failure researchers. Similarly, the study will help
organizations to improve on implementing human relations policies so as to
enable them control problems facings them from such angle.
Infect, it will serve as eye-opener
to must organizations who are yet to embrace the system, there by enlighten
workers and the effect on productivity. It is hoped that the would also help
connectives to improve on the need for good human relations with workers and
clients to improve the organizations performance.
In addition, the adoption of this
new approach to firms advancement will improve employees performance,
productivity, efficiency as well as employees attribute to work. ‘
Furthermore, the study will also be
of help to those who may want to research for future investigation.
1.6
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study centuries on human
relations as a tool for effective development in public organization using
Nigerian institute research, Hadejia local government as a case study. The
study covers sizeable staffs of the institute drawn from various cadre of
management (form management to subordinate) in order to ensure a more
comprehensive and order to ensure a more comprehensive and detail examination.
The staff includes both the male and female sex of different ages and level of
service.
The following problems effects
conduct of the study:
i. Time: although the time for the study is
quite long but academic demand such as preparation look a lot of time for one
to go out and source for information.
ii. Financial constraint this was another
limitation which made it uneasy for the materials to be easily assessed as the
appropriate time.
iii.Bureaucratic bottle neck in addition,
stringent rules and regulations guiding the release of information in the
institute (NTR) made almost impossible for one to obtained details about the
organization.
1.7
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY AREA
Hadejia (also Hadejia, previously
Biram) is a Hausa town in eastern Jigawa state, northern Nigeria. The
population was approximately 105,628 in 2006. The people of Hadejia are largely
Muslim, although some follow indigenous belief system. The town lies to the
north of the Hadejia Rivers, and is upstream from Hadejia Nguru ward, a
sensitive zone.
Hadejia was one known as Biram and
is referred to as one of the “seven true Hausa states” (Hausa Bakwai), because
it was ruled by the descendants of the Hausa Mythological figure Bayajidda and
rulers of the Hausa Bakwai had all been overcome by the Fulani, Hadejia Emirate
itself had been founded two years earlier, in 1808, and lasted until 1991, when
it was absorbed into Jigawa State. In 1960 Hadejia resisted British occupation,
under the then emir (Muhammad mai-shahada).
Hadejia local government council
come into being as a result of 1976 local government reforms with the creation
of Jigawa state in 1991. Seven (7 No) additional local government were current
out from Hadejia local government namely: Birniwa, Kirikassam, Guri, Auyo,
Malam Madori and kafin Hausa a total of eight (8 No) local government, in the
Emirate. The emirate covers on area of about 7000 kmt.
1.8
DEFINITION OF TERMS OR CONCEPT
It is important of a researcher to
the meaning of terms that is use in the project. As a result of that it is
important to define these terms in order to clearly identify the sense in which
they are use in the project.
The
terms are as follows:
i.
Development
ii.
Public administration
iii.
Effective development
iv.
Organization
v.
Human relation
vi.
Employee
vii.
Productivity
1)
Development:
is the out or process of bringing to a more advanvce or a highly advance stage.
According to Demis Goilet, Development is milti-dimensional and can be defined
as the ability of the society to achieve self-esteem freedom and
self-sustenance for its members. (Demis Goulet, 2013)
According
to Michel P. Todaro, development is said to occur when society is able to
accomplish the provision of a primary enhancement needs and having need for its
members Todaro, (2018).
According
to Buget, he sees development as over curing the prevalence of unemployment,
poverty and income inequality. Development is a multi-dimensional process on
set of objective in which dimensional process on set objectives in which
dimension are economic social, political and cultural in the indest sense of
these terms. Budge, (2005).
2)
Public Administration: is simple the administration of the public sector. It is the
machinery for the implementation of governmental policies (William 2003).
According
to Fredric Rips, (2003) in his look the ecology of public administration
assault he calls (POSDCORD) i.e. planning, organizing, staffing, directing,
coordinating, reporting and budgeting, and according to advice learner
dictionary defined administration “As management of policy administration also
mangers public affairs. It is a part of government.
Public
administration “As the management of men and materials in the accomplishment of
the pupils of a state. Furthermore, public administration in the formulation
and implementation of policies and decision. (Simon, 1966).
iii). Effective development:
effective development means having an effect or able to about the result
intended. And also when we consider the definition of effect is what happens to
a persons or thing because of another thing. Here the effect of development or
what happens when a lot other.
Development
is an organized process which entails progressive change in the society and
economics structure of the society on people activities as well as that which
entails the eradication of poverty, hunger and mal-nutrition reduction of
unemployment and consequently raising people level income. Bingham, (2000).
iv).
Organization: Merriam Webster (1828) defines organization as an interaction of
two or more people writhing some mutually recognized power relationship for some
common purpose, be it formal or informal.
vi).
Employee: a person engaged in an employment under appointment and receives a
reward in return for services rendered. Daron, (2012).
vii).
Productivity: this is simply define as a measure of how efficiently resources
are used as input to bring output in goods and services with minimum time cost.
Deborah, (2002).
viii).
Human Relation: could be define as a behavioral management approach that to
attempt to understating and explain how physochology and social process
interacts with formal aspects of the work situation to influence performance.
Isah, Hashim (2000).
1.9 PLAN OF THE STUDY
This
segment has to do with the way the whole research work is organized.
Chapter one consist of the
introduction, objectives, significance, scope and limitations, background of
the study, statement of the study, research hypothesis, definition of key terms,
historical background of the study area, and plan of the study in the research.
Chapter
two comprises of conceptual issues, theoretical and empirical literature
reviews.
Chapter
three concentrate on the methodology of the research. It discussion theoretical
frame work, sources of data and the expected results.
Chapter
four is concerned with presentation of data and analysis of results it also
highlights of ways of developing entrepreneurial skill and implication of
finding made on the research.
Chapter
five contained summary, conclusion and recommendation made on the research.
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