TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.3 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1.1 THE HUNTERS THEORY
2.1.2 CONTAMINATED VACCINE THEORY
2.1.3 BLOOD PRODUCT THEORY
2.2 MODE OF TRANSMISSION
2.3 PREVENTION
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1
RESEARCH DESIGN
3.2 POPULATION OF STUDY
3.3 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
3.4 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
3.5 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
3.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1
DATA PRESENTATION
4.2 TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
4.3
DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1
SUMMARY
5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
5.3 CONCLUSION
BIOBLOGRAPHY
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
The
family is the oldest institution on earth, and plays a vital role in human
society. Throughout history, the family institution has always exited.
According
to the international Encyclopedia of the social sciences, of all the agent of
socialization, the family has been described the most immediate and most
important. It is recognized that most of the world’s societies are
characterized by one or two types of the family organization both of which
revolve around a relatively permanent mother and Father relationship.
In
the nuclear family characteristic of the most Western societies, the family
unit is made up of mother, father and immediate children. Extended family which
account for a greater proportion of the world’s population are composed of
parents, immediate children, grandparents and on occasion other relatives. In
the arrangement, grandparents are looked after by their children. The secret of family happiness (1996).
A
number of important social changes have taken place in the family unit in
recent decades. Many of them linked with wider implications for the
understanding of the contemporary Nigeria family and its role in child rearing.
“in
oriental societies, strong extended family ties were traditional. However,
under the influence of western style individualism and the stress of economic
problems, the traditional extended family is weakening. Many in Germany seem to
be abandoning the traditional family altogether. The 1990’s saw 35% of all
Germany household made up of two individuals. The French too are marrying less
often and those who do marry, divorce more often earlier than those used to be
the case. Growing number prefer to live together without the responsibilities
of marriages. No doubt, divorce is becoming increasingly common. There has been a surge in the number of
single parent families, the secret of family happiness (1996).
With
increasing urbanization, the formerly cohesive community group of which the
family was as intrinsic part is largely disappearing. Nuclear families
typically live in large proportion and transient suburban communities or in
equally characterized by a high degree of isolation one form another.
Ebingha
(2003) explained that during the pre-colonial era. The traditional Nigeria
family was made up of some rather independent or village-like units. With the
coming of colonization and rapid urbanization, most traditional compound
dwellers were replaced by small houses designed for a nuclear family. One of the results of the increased mobility
of family unit is a significant reduction in security both for parents and for
children. Parents alone must face child rearing problem. Unlike the close unit
communities, contemporary urban and suburban ghetto habours a wide range of
values and lifestyles, these providing either few adult models for the developing
child a providing a contradictory assortment of models.
Despite
these changes in the family institution, the Family is still central to the
lives of children. At an early age, they find themselves completely dependent
on the family. The family provides the growing child with feelings of security,
belongingness, satisfaction of emotional needs, provision of physical and
material needs and promoting psychological growth. The family is also the major
transmitter of cultural information in the early years, a role that is later
partly taken over by schools and peer groups.
The
work presents the role of family in the prevention of HIV/AIDs amongst youths
in the Nigeria society using Oshilimi South Local Government Area as a case
study.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
HIV/AIDs
is a universal problem in February 2002, they were about 40 million HIV
infected persons worldwide. Most of these cases of HIV/AIDs have been reported
in sub-Saharan Africa about 6 million people get infected every year, Nwachukwu
(2002).
Research
shows that infected people come from all socio-economic class, all races and
all faiths. The main mode of transmission is through sexual intercourse. Other
means such as transfusion of contaminated blood, sharing of unsterilized sharp
objects and mother to child transmission are also responsible for the spread of
the disease.
The
problem of HIV/AIDs and the resultant consequences are enormous and the family
which is the first of socialization of the individual has a lot of role to play
in curbing the spread of the disease.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The
broad objective of the study is to access the influence of the socio-economic
background of the family (parents especially) on prevention of HIV/AIDs amongst
youths.
The
specific objectives are:
1. To
determine if the educational status of parents has a correlation with the
practice of behavior that could lead to HIV/AIDs amongst the youth (their
children).
2. To
determine if the economic status of parents has an influence on behavior of
youths, that could lead to HIV/AIDs.
3. To
determine the influence of communication between parents and children and how
this helps to reduce behaviors that could lead to HIV/AIDs.
1.3 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
1. The
higher the educational level of parents, the lower the rate of behavior that
could lead to the spread of HIV/AIDs amongst the youths, and the lower the
educational level of parents, the more youths will engage in behaviours that
promote the spread of HIV/AIDs.
2. The
higher the economic status of parents the lower the rate of behaviours
promoting the spread of HIV/AIDs amongst youths and the lower of economic
status of parents the higher the engaging of behavior that promote HIV/AIDs.
3. The
smaller the communication gap between parents and children, the less risky
behavior engaged in by the youth and the wider the communication gap
between parents and children the higher
the tendency to engage in behaviours that promote the spread of HIV/AIDs.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The
study derives its relevance from the fact that when completed It will increase
the knowledge and understanding of the influence of the family in preventing
HIV/AIDs amongst youths in Oshimili South Local Government and in Nigeria at
large.
Findings
could also enable the relevant authorities to act appropriately in enlightening
the public on the important role of the family in curbing the spread of
HIV/AIDs menace.
1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS
·
HIV:
Human Immune Deficiency virus
·
AIDs:
acquired Immune deficiency syndrome
·
Youth: a
young person above childhood and early adulthood (between 15 and 26 years, for
the purpose of this study).
·
Risky behavior: Those acts that are engaged
in by individuals that could encourage the contacting and spread of HIV/AIDs –
acts such as unprotected sex, sharing of sharp objects, transfusion of
unscreened blood etc.
·
Communication:
Free interaction between parents and children (on sex and sex related issues).
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