ABSTRACT
The
primary aim of this research is to identify and analyse the motivational
factors that enhance employee motivation within a business organization. The
study focuses specifically on PZ Nigeria Plc, Lagos, to underline the
significance of staff motivation and to propose recommendations that can
improve motivation strategies in business organizations. The research seeks to
explore how different motivational strategies impact employee performance and
overall organizational productivity.
The
research encompasses the entire staff of PZ Nigeria Plc, Lagos office, with a
total population of forty-two (42) employees. This diverse group includes
senior, intermediate, and junior staff, providing a comprehensive overview of
motivational impacts across different levels of the organization. A simple
random sampling technique was employed to ensure each member of the population
had an equal opportunity to be selected. A sample of twenty (20) staff members
was chosen, representing senior, intermediate, and junior staff levels. This
method ensures a balanced and unbiased representation of the entire staff
population, facilitating a more accurate analysis of the data collected.
The
study utilized a combination of research questionnaires and interviews to
gather reliable and detailed information. These instruments were designed to
capture the perspectives and experiences of the employees regarding
motivational factors and their effects on performance. The use of both
qualitative and quantitative data collection methods enriched the analysis and
findings of the study. Data collected from the questionnaires and interviews
were meticulously edited, coded, and then transformed into statistical data for
comprehensive analysis. The data were summarized into statistical tables and
analyzed using percentages, averages, and descriptive methods. This approach
facilitated a clear and concise presentation of the research findings, making
them easily interpretable and actionable.
The
analysis revealed that motivation significantly enhances productivity within PZ
Nigeria Plc. Also, motivation boosts staff morale and is critical in improving
job performance across various roles. Findings also showed that junior and
intermediate staff are involved in decision-making processes to some extent,
which enhances their engagement and motivation.
The
study concludes that employee motivation is a pivotal factor in achieving higher
productivity within business organizations. The findings indicate that a
positive and supportive work environment, combined with various motivational
incentives, significantly boosts employee morale and job performance. It is
imperative for organizations to prioritize motivation strategies to enhance
staff productivity and satisfaction.
Based
on the study's findings, it was recommended among other recommendations that PZ
should implement and sustain effective motivational strategies to foster higher
productivity. Also, managers should utilize a range of motivational tools and
regularly conduct seminars to enhance employee motivation.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgment iv
Table of Contents v
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of PZ. Nig. Plc 1
1.2 Statement of Problems 3
1.3 Purpose of the Study 3
1.4 Objective of the Studies 4
1.5 Significance of the Studies 4
1.6 Scope of the Study 5
1.7 Research Hypothesis 5
1.8 Research Methodology 6
1.9 Research Limitation 6
1.10 Definition of Relevant Terms 7
1.11 Organization of Studies 7
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF
RELATED LITERATURES
2.0 Introduction 9
2.1 Theories of Motivation 9
2.2 Nature of Motivation in Business Organization 15
2.3 Meaning and Scope of Motivation 15
2.4 How to Motivate Employees in Business Organization 16
2.5 Other Motivational concepts 20
2.6 Business Organization and staff motivation 21
2.7
Relevance of Staff Motivation in Pz Lagos 22
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH
DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction 23
3.1 Methods of Data Collection 23
3.1.1 Primary Sources of Data Collection 23
3.1.2 Secondary Sources of Data Collection 24
3.2 Research Population 24
3.3 Sampled Population 24
3.4 Sampling Techniques and Size 24
3.5 Research Instrument 25
3.6 Questionnaire Design 25
3.7 Questionnaire Administration, Distribution and Collection 26
3.8 Method of Data Presentation and Analysis 26
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA
PRESENTATION, ANALYSES AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.0 Introduction 27
4.1 Data Presentation 27
4.2 Data Analysis and Interpretation 28
4.3 Test of Hypothesis 38
4.4 Research Findings 39
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary 40
5.2 Conclusion 40
5.3 Recommendations 41
References 43
Appendix: Questionnaire 46
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
Motivation is a common
term used in human resources management, and it defined as the internal drive
which moves a person towards a goal at meeting personal needs since motivation
plays a major role in business organization to achieve the desired result
through effective man power utilization. Many researchers in motivation
summarizes that except man is motivated to an optimum level, the business
organization will not meet the expected degree of productivity into an
organization, money and material are also contributing factors. One of the
greatest problem faced by most business organization is the total neglect of
human motivation, this have often resulted into industrial disharmony. Another
problem faced by business organization is the issue of motivation is inadequate
welfare package, housing, transportation, opportunity for training and
retraining, health care benefits, pension and gratuity, just to mention a few
out of the so many motivational problems faced by a business organization. The
above motivational problems are my observation in a business organization
especially in the area of my case study (PZ. Nig. Plc) and it was based on the
above that I choose the topic “The relevance of staff motivation and
performance in a business organization (case study: PZ Nigeria Plc, Regional
Office)
1.1 Background of
PZ. Nig. Plc
This company had its
beginning in sierra lone when Mr. G.B Zochonis and Mr. G.H Paterson met in
Freetown and formed a trading company by the name of Paterson Zochonis and
company limited, which was incorporated as a private company under English law
in February 1884 with a registered office in Liverpool, England in 1886. The
office was transferred from Liverpool to Manchester which has remained the
headquarters of the group ever since.
The main business of the
company was that of general merchant and was active for many years in the
export of West Africa such as cotton, cassava and hides and skins. The company
had a number of trading posts throughout West Africa which it served by
operating four small coastal sailing schooners. The first branch in Nigeria was
opened at Lagos in 1899. In 1903 a branch was established at Calabar and by 1912,
the Nigerian branch in Nigeria was opened at Lagos in 1899. In 1903, a branch
was established at Calabar and by 1912, the Nigeria branch included Ibadan,
Oshogbo, Ilorin and Kano. At present, the company operates branches in all
states of the federation including the Federal Capital of Nigeria Ilorin. Since
the end of the last century, the company business has expanded throughout
Nigeria and has been significantly diversified. The company’s operations are at
present organized into three departments. Technical departments, general
merchandize and the depot serviced department.
The Nigerian branch was
incorporated in Nigeria in August (1969) as Paterson Zochonis Nigeria Plc and
as a wholly owned subsidiary of Psaterson, Zochoris and co. ltd of Manchester England,
and in 1973 offered 40% of us share capital to the Nigerian Public.
By a Scheme of arrangement
under section 197 companies decree 1968 the company merged with PZ Industries
Ltd, (formerly A. T L.) under the Scheme PZ Industries Ltd acquired the whole
of the share capital of the company.
1.2 Statement of
Problems
Motivational problems cut
across all areas of human endeavors. These often affect the moral and
productivity of individuals working in public and private enterprises.
Thus one deduced the
following are the motivation problems seem in PZ. Nig Plc., Lagos office.
i.
Inadequate information on Employment Policy.
ii.
Inability to involve intermediate and junior staff in
decision making process.
iii.
Partial implementation of welfare packages such as housing etc.
iv.
Inadequate facilities to enhance staff productivity lack of working
facilities like machine operators.
v.
Inadequate privilege given to staff to go for training and be
retrained.
vi.
Non-adherence to the implementation of workers compensation
policy.
1.3 Purpose of the
Study
The purpose of embarking
on the project is to view those motivational factors that enhance staff
motivational to employee.
The research will also
highlight the relevance of staff motivation in business organization,
particularly in PZ Plc., Lagos and make possible recommendation that can
enhance staff motivation in business organization.
1.4 Objective of
the Studies
The objectives of the
study is to examine factors and relevant of staff motivation and performance in
Peterson Zochonis (PZ) Nig. Plc Lagos among other things the study will seek
i.
To ascertain the factors that militates against business
management not to enhance staff motivation, example, funding, policy and
politics.
ii.
To explore the relationship between the business management
and the entire staff.
iii.
To identify whether the business management satisfy needs of
their staff in regards to motivational packages.
iv.
To look at the area of funding as its affect staff welfare.
v.
To recommend bases on the outcome of the study areas that the
management will improve its staff morale.
1.5 Significance of
the Studies
i.
It will enhance the under understanding of contents, policy and
process of staff motivation in PZ Lagos.
ii.
It will afford me an insight of the total concept of motivation.
iii.
To provide opportunity for theory researchers to acquired knowledge
and information on staff motivation.
iv.
It will afford opportunity for the business management to improve
in areas of staff motivational deficiency.
v.
The study will provides bases for further implementation of motivational
packages for staff.
vi.
The study would provide the partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of Higher National Diploma.
1.6 Scope of the
Study
The scope of this study
will cover PZ Nig. Plc., Lagos. The limitation of this research is based on the
fact that there has been no periodic evaluation of staff motivation especially
in PZ Nig. Plc., Lagos. This may be due to the fact that the degree of
operational activities Coupled with little man power, the assumption is always
that there is contentment among staff of the organization. I will therefore
limit myself to few of the problem identified in PZ. Nig. Plc, Lagos and the
effects on its workers. In the course of this study, the researcher encountered
some problems. These were finance, time and scope of the study.
1.7 Rese4rch
Hypotheses
The research hypothesis
will be analyzed using the null and alterative hypothesis.
Hypothesis One
Ho: Motivation is an
important factor that increases staff morale and performance in Business
Organization.
Hi: Motivation is
not an important factor that increases staff
morale and performance in Business Organization.
Hypothesis Two
Ho: Welfare package
is relevant in enhancing staff motivation in Business Organization.
Hi: Welfare package
is not relevant in enhancing staff motivation in Business Organization.
1.8 Research
Methodology
The research methods used
in the research project is the sampling method. It is analyze using the random
sampling method or technique because all the elements in population are given
equal opportunity to be selected. The names of staff of PZ Nig. Plc Lagos under
are obtained and written in piece of paper.
1.9 Research
Limitat1on
The study is limited to PZ
Nig. Plc Lagos state. The limitation of this research is based on te fact that
there has been no periodic evaluation of staff motivation especially in PZ Nig.
Plc Lagos.
This may be due to the
fact the degree of operational activities coupled with few manpower, the
assumption is always that there is contentment among staff of the organization.
I will therefore limit myself to few of the problem identified in PZ Nig. Plc Lagos
and the effects on its workers.
In the course of this
study the researcher encountered some problems. These were finances, time and
scope of the study.
1.10 Definition of
Relevant Terms
Productivity: The rate at which a worker, a company or a country
produces goods and the amount produced, compared with how much time, work and
money is needed to produce them.
Leadership: The staff or position of being a leader. The ability to be a leader or the
qualities a good leader should have.
Welfare: The general health, happiness and safety of a person.
Co-Operate: Connected with a co- operation.
Approval: Judgment of the value, performance or nature of work e.g.
Motivation: Is a general term applied to the entire class of drives,
needs, wishes and similar forces.
Organization: A group of people with a special purpose such as business, the arrangement on
planning of part so as to form an effective goal.
Management: The people in charge of a company, industry, the art of
practice of managing especially managing a
business or money.
Staff Compensation: Is payment made to workers as a result
of work hazard.
Policy: is a guide to action, shows direction policy is a means by
which you achieve your aim.
PZ: Paterson Zochonis.
1.11 Organization of
Studies
This research work
comprises of five chapters: Chapter One usually include: Introduction,
Statement of the Problems, Purpose of the Studies, Objectives of the Study,
Significance of the Study, Scope of the Study, Research Hypothesis, Research
Methodology, Definition of Relevant Terms and Organization of the Study. Chapter
Two is comprised of the Literature Review which Analysis the Theories on Motivation,
Nature of Motivation, Meaning and Scope of Motivation and Relevant of Staff
Motivation in Business Organization etc. Chapter Three, is Devoted for Research
Methodology where issues like the sources of Data Collection, Population Sample
and Sampling Procedure, Sampled Size, Research Instruments. Questionnaire Design,
Administration and Collection are also discussed. Chapter Four is Data
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretations. While Chapter Five is the
concluding part of the Research Work where Summary of Findings, Conclusions and
Recommendations shall be made.
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