Abstract
(Bilteneven 1973:11) says that a mass media can take
message around the world. The stimulus for this on the research is to find out
the impact of ANTI – HIV/AIDS on the sexual habits of youths especially youth
that reside in Ekwulobia Aguata local Government Area. As the saying goes “that
youth are the leader of tomorrow”. The first chapter of these my study gives
background information on the study. And also, looked at the introductory
rational for the study, and the purpose/significance of the study. In addition
to the limitations the second chapter surveyed the review of literature and
summary of literature e. t c. The thirds chapter deals with the research
question, research method, design population and sample. Data was gathered with
help of questionnaires given to 160 correspondents, survey research method was
used. Sample size was 120 and the population 720 youths resident of Ekwulobia
local government area. The fourth
chapter deals with the analysis of demography and hypothesis test, and it is
presented in tables and also research questions were assessed and presented.
The fifth chapter and also the final chapter has the summary, reference,
conclusion, appendix and questionnaire derived from the findings of the study
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
page----------------------------------------------------------- i
Approval------------------------------------------------------------
ii
Acknowledgement--------------------------------------------------iii
Table
of contents----------------------------------------------------iv
Abstract---------------------------------------------------------------v
Chapter one
1.1
Introduction -----------------------------------------------------1
1.2
Background of the study---------------------------------------2
1.3
Statement of the study-----------------------------------------5
1.4
Purpose of the study--------------------------------------------5
1.5
Significance of the study---------------------------------------6
1.6
Research questions---------------------------------------------6
1.7
Limitation of the study-----------------------------------------7
1.8
Delimitations of the study-------------------------------------7
1.9
Definition of terms----------------------------------------------7
Chapter two
2.0
Introduction-----------------------------------------------------9
2.1
Theoretical framework------------------------------------------9
2.3
Summary of literature review---------------------------------18
Chapter three
3.0
Research methodology-----------------------------------------20
3.1
Research design-------------------------------------------------20
3.2
Population of the study-----------------------------------------21
3.3
Sample size-------------------------------------------------------21
3.4
Sample procedure------------------------------------------------21
3.5
Data collection ---------------------------------------------------22
3.6
Method of data analysis-----------------------------------------22
3.7
Measure to ensure validity and reliability---------------------22
Chapter four
4.0
Analysis and presentation of result----------------------------23
Chapter five
5.0
Summary conclusion and recommendations-----------------31
5.1
Summary of findings --------------------------------------------31
5.2
Conclusion--------------------------------------------------------32
5.3
Recommendation ------------------------------------------------33
References--------------------------------------------------------------------35
Appendix----------------------------------------------------------------------36
Questionnaire---------------------------------------------------------------37
Chapter One
1.1
Introduction
Before
the advent of mass communication, the process of communication employed was
interpersonal communication that is face to face communication. Interpersonal
communication reaches limited audience but mass media make it possible for
message to reach far beyond the immediate proximity of the sender. A few
hundred feet may be all the distance the human voice prospect to a crowd,
without the aid of a public address system. But a mass media can take the same
message around the world (Bittenevn 1973: 11). But for this research work, we
are narrowing it down to a particular mass media known as television. Although,
there are other mass media like (radio) even the print media. The presence of
television has influenced the society communication pattern, large audience now
believes on television to provide a continuous flow of information, education,
communication, entertainment and many others may depend on television for truth
in complication and complex situation and when it is not granted they felt
deprived. The impact of television in
changing and shaping attitude and behaviours of the masses is the subject of
debate because television influence modified by many factors. It is probably
less powerful than many people think. But television do have an indirect influence
on attitude at least they make people conscious. We witness the horror of war,
crime, religious crises, ethnic and racial discrimination and so many societal
ills it’s in the privacy and comfort of our living rooms. We learn new things,
ideas and concepts when we listen and view television. This medium in its
frequent reporting is about the issues like HIV/AIDS makes us to be aware of
dreaded disease. The symptoms and signs, ways of contracting it, dangers it
poses on immediate and future implication as well as prevention and treatment.
Publicity in a corrupt society is believed to be a vital step to finding the
cure of many societal ills. In line with this, it is believed that an existence
courage and true information on ANTI-AIDS
campaigns will get to perhaps, shape and mould the sexual habits of
people more especially the youths.
1.2 Background of the study
We
do not know how many people that have contracted this dreaded disease. AIDS in
the 1970s and probably do not were AIDS virus HIV was originated from. The
dominant feature of this first period was silence. HIV was unknown and
transmission was not accompanied by signs and symptoms. Salient enough to be
noticed seroarchaclogical studies have documented human infections with HIV
prior to 1970s available data suggest that the current pandemic started in the
mid to date 1970s. By 1980, HIV has spread to at least five continents such as
Northern America, Southern American, Europe, Africa and Australia. In April
1981, there is an increase in case of rare lung, Infection pnuemocystic carnii
pneumonia (PCP) at the center for disease control in Atlanta in June. The CDC
published a report about the occurrence without indefinable cause of PCP. This
report is sometimes referred to the beginning of AIDS, but it might be more
accurate to describe it as the beginning of the general awareness of AIDS in
the U.S.A. Around this time, a number of theories were developed about the
possible cause of the opportunistic infections and cancers knowledge about this
new disease was changing so quickly that certain assumption made at this time
were shown to be unfounded just a few months later. In July, 1981, Dr Curran
reported that no apparent dangers to non-homosexual from contagion. He said
that no cases have been reported to data outside the homosexual community or in
women. In June, 1982, report of a group of cases amongst gay men in southern
California suggested that the disease might be caused by an infectious agent
that was sexually transmitted. By the beginning of July, a total of 452 cases
from 23 states had been reported to the CDC. Later that month, the report
appeared that the disease was occurring in Haitian as well as in hemophilia. It
is at the acronym AIDS was suggested at the meeting at Washington dc. By August,
this name was being used in newspaper and scientific journals. AIDS (acquired
immune deficiency syndrome) was first properly defined by the CDC in September,
doctors though AIDS was an appropriate name because people acquired the
situation rather than inherited it, because it resulted in a deficiency within
the immune system, because it was syndrome with a number of manifestations,
rather than a single disease. It was also becoming clear that AIDS was
throughout 1982 there were separate reports of the disease occurring in a
number of European countries on the same 1982, a number of AIDS specific
voluntary organizations had been set up in the U.S.A. These include the san
Francisco AIDS foundation (ASFAF), AIDS project los Angeles (APLA) and gay
men’s health crisis (GMNC). In November, 1982, the first AIDS organization is
the terrenes Higgins trust was formally established in the UK, and by this time
a number of AIDS organization were already producing safer sex advice for guy
men.
1.3 Statement of problems
An Anti - HIV/AIDS advocacy programme which
comprises publicity announcement, advertisement and ANTI-AIDS campaign was
geared towards curbing the spread of the disease. Again it expected to help in
changing and shaping the behaviours pattern of youth towards sex. This has
called for ascertaining how these ANTI-HIV/AIDS programmers have influenced the
sexual habits of youth or not.
1.4 Objectives or purpose of the
study
This
research work was aimed at examining the extent to which ABS T.V encourage on
ANTI-HIV/AIDS PROGRAMMES have affected the youths residing in Ekwulobia, if it
has changed their attitudes towards sex. This is also interested if their age,
sex martial status and educational qualifications influence the way they
receive the media message. Are the youths getting enough information on the
disease?
1.5 Significance of the study
It
is expected that the outcome of this study will help alert the youth on the
dangers of HIV/AIDS and contribute to existing literature in the area of mass
media effect. The study will help the health sector in monitoring and determine
the type of media campaign to employ in corroboration of ANTI-AIDS information.
1.6 Research question
Four
standard research questions are formulated for this study;
1.
Do exposure of ANTI-HIV/AIDS programmes
encourage youths from sexual promiscuity?
2.
Do youths who are single expose
themselves more to HIV/AIDS than those who are married?
3.
How often do the youths have access to
information about HIV/AIDS from ABS Awka television?
4.
Do their programmes on ANTI-HIV/ AIDS
related to the use of condom during sexual intercourse among youths?
1.7 Limitation on the study
Finance
of transport from Ekwulobia to Onitsha was a limiting factor in the course of
this research work. How the return of questionnaire could be managed was
another limiting factor. Apathy on the part of these researcher interviewed
could also posed a threat to the study. Again, some questionnaires suffered
mortality.
1.8 Delimitation of the study
Ekwulobia
town in Aguata local Government area has nine(9) villages. However, this study
would be delimited to only four villages namely; Ula, Umuchiana, Okpo and
Eziagulu. Since it would be difficult, if not impossible to study the entire
villages in Ekwulobia.
1.9 Definition of terms
Impact:
for the purpose of the study, it means strong impression or a compelling effect
of ANTI-HIV/AIDs programmes on youths enough to make them change their sexual
habits.
HIV/AIDS:
humane immune virus\Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
ANTI-HIV/AIDS PROGRAMMES: programmes
aimed at curbing the spread of HIV/AIDS disease.
SEXUAL HABITS:
The immoral attitude practices towards sex.
YOUTHS:
The age of adolescence ranging from 18 to 30 years of age.
TELEVISION:
a piece of electrical equipment with a screen on which you watch programmes
with moving pictures and sound.
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