This
study examines teachers’ motivation as a tool for effective secondary school
administration in Ezza North L.G.A.
Ebonyi State. Four research objectives were formulated to guide the
study. The research objectives were to determine the effectiveness of secondary
school teachers based on intrinsic motivation, to ascertain the effectiveness
of secondary school teachers based on extrinsic motivation., identify the type
of intrinsic motivation available for teachers’ effectiveness in secondary
schools in Ezza North L.G.A of Ebonyi State, to examine the factors militating
against the effectiveness of teachers’ motivation in secondary schools in Ezza
North L.G.A of Ebonyi State. The population of the study consists all the
secondary school teachers from the twenty (20) secondary schools in Ezza North
L.G.A., which have a total number of 805 teachers. The study adopted survey design, the study
randomly selected five (5) secondary schools out 20 secondary schools in Ezza
North L.G.A, where one hundred and five (105) teachers were selected, and
questionnaires were administered to elicit information from the respondents.
The data collected were analyzed and presented in tabular form using mean point.
Any mean point below 2.5 is rejected whereas; any one with 2.5 and above is
accepted as a criterion mean for acceptance. To ascertain the internal
consistency of the instrument, a pilot study was carried out using test retest
method. The researcher administered the instrument to 20 teachers in 2
secondary schools in Ezza South L.G.A, the exercise was repeated after two
weeks interval. The results of the two tests were correlated using Pearson
product moment co-efficient and it yielded a coefficient of 0.75. Which was
considered high enough for the study. The
findings showed that teachers who are intrinsically motivated teach for the
passion they have in teaching job. The results of the findings also revealed
that teachers who are extrinsically motivated became demoralized when their
needs are not met. It was summed up that poor funding of education, lack of
infrastructural facilities and inconsistent policy implementation in Nigerian
system of education are some of the factors militating against the
effectiveness of teachers’ motivation in Nigerian secondary schools in general
and secondary schools in Ezza North L.G.A in particular. The following
recommendations were made: teachers’ needs like provision of free
accommodations, free medical treatment and insurance and payment of allowances
should be made available for teachers to make them give out their best.
Government should be sensitive to the needs of the secondary school teachers as
that will make them feel recognized and important to the society.
Title i
Approval ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vi
Tale
Of Contents vii
List
Of Tables x
Chapter
One 1
Background
To The Study 1
Statement Of
The Problem 4
Purpose Of The Study 5
Significant Of The Study 5
Scope Of The
Study 6
Research Questions 7
Chapter
Two: Review Of Related
Literature 8
Concept Of
Motivation 8
School Administration 10
Intrinsic Motivation On Teachers’ Performance 11
Extrinsic Motivation On Teachers’ Productivity
Types Of Intrinsic Motivation For Teachers’
Effectiveness
Factors
Militating Against Teachers’ Motivation
Effects Of
Motivation On Teachers In Secondary School Administration 15
Theoretical
Frame Work 16
Review Of Empirical Studies 19
Summary Of Related Literature Reviewed
Conclusion Of The Reviewed Related Studies
Chapter
Three: Research Method
Design Of The Study
Area Of The Study
Population Of The Study
Sample And Sampling Techniques 27
Instrument For Data Collection
Validation Of The Instrument
Reliability Of The Instrument
Method Of Data Collection
Method Of Data Analysis
Chapter
Four
Chapter
Five
Discussion
Of Findings
Recommendations
summary of the study
Conclusion
Limitations
of the study
Suggestion for further studies
References
Appendices
LIST OF TABLES
Table I: Responses on effectiveness of
secondary school teachers based on intrinsic
motivation 30
Table 2: Responses on the
effectiveness of secondary school teachers base on extrinsic motivation 31
Table 3: Responses on intrinsic
motivation available for teachers’ effectiveness in secondary schools. 33
Table 4: responses on factors militating against the
effectiveness of teachers’ motivation in secondary schools
The
efficient and effective management of any organization lies in the abilities of
the top management, to put in place measures that would ensure constant greater
productivity and a comfortable working relationship between management and the
subordinates. Consequently, motivation has often been an effective tool used by
managers and administrators to boost productivity and commitment among members
of staff in any organization.
The
word “motivation’’ according to R’eem (2011) is derived from the Latin word ‘motus’ a form of verb ‘movere’ which means to move, influence
affect and excite. Strivastava and Bhatia (2013:18), defined motivation as an
action that triggers, propels and directs human behaviour and how this
behaviour is preserved to achieve a particular goal. Mostly in secondary schools, principals are
main administrators of staff and students, the motivational strategies and the
ways they are employed by the administrators can impact positively or
negatively on the attainment of the organizational goals depending on the
administrative and managerial style of the principal.
Since
teachers are the most important factors in determining the quality of education
that students receives. Teachers’ motivation has an important effect on
students their satisfaction and fulfillment for this reason, teachers are to be
given proper care so as to bring out their best in delivering their services hence
human resources are considered the most important factor of production. Teachers
are vital component of school administration that is why, the Federal
government of Nigeria made it clear in her National Policy on Education FRN
(2004), that the purpose of teacher education should be to produce highly
motivated, conscious and efficient classroom teachers. The Federal Government
of Nigeria introduced training programmes, workshops, seminar that will enhance
the motivation of staff for better success.
In
most cases, when teachers are motivated, they perform better than when they are
not. Oguru (2000) opined that, there are two types of motivation: intrinsic and
extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation refers to self generated factors
that influence people to behave in a particular way e.g responsibility, freedom
to act, scope to use and develop skills and abilities, interesting and
challenging task and opportunity for advancement. While extrinsic motivation can
be defined as what is done to people to motivate them in areas of their work,
for example, rewards like increased pay, praise or promotion etc. Obi (2003)
stated that, a well motivated and flexible work force can be achieved by a
coherent approach to developing strategies in the area of raising teachers’
salaries without stream lining the payment system. When this is done, it will provide an environment that is
conducive for the satisfaction of various needs of teachers as to be dedicated
in performing their task of teaching as well as empowering them to give high
quality outputs and avoid wastage in terms of dropouts, carryover and failures by students as the case may be. It is a fact
that, without dedicated, satisfied and motivated teachers, there will be no
base for support and stability of education.
According
to Ogbonnaya (2005), education is the bedrock of all developments. As such, the
importance of education to a nation’s development cannot be over emphasized so
also the importance of teachers who are the pillars in the stability and
sustainability of education. But it is quite unfortunate that the contemporary
teachers keep complaining of poor conditions of service and lack of status in
the society and that could be attributed to irregular payment, lack of fringe
benefits, lack of promotion and other awards or appraisal that should be given
to them to make life better. It is a fact that Nigerian society attaches no
value to teachers that is why most parents do not want their children to join
teaching profession. They are seen by their counterparts as, people who are
poor and wretched. However, staff motivation as a tool can be defined as a
method of course of action, or an instrument by which an act can be
accomplished. It is an instrument used in performance of operation.
In
addition, effectiveness generally refers to the extent to which the
organization realized its goals or achieved its purpose for establishment. It
is about doing the right thing in the teaching process so that at the end of
the teaching, the objectives of the lessons are achieved. (Awotu-Efobo, 1999).
The right thing in administrative process could only be done if teachers are
motivated to attend to their regular duties.
Staff
motivation strategies currently existing in secondary schools and the ideal
motivational measures for school administrations are what this work wants to
determine.
The public outcry of the
poor standard of education in Nigeria has been attributed to the poor
performance of teachers. Poor performance of teachers have been attributed to a
number of factors, which include lack of proper motivation, low payment of
salaries, premature departure from teaching, attracting the least qualified and
lack of commitment to job, since those with high qualification will see
teaching in secondary schools as under employment. Some of the qualified
teachers have sought for greener pasture in oil companies, banking and
production industries where salaries, fringe benefits and general conditions
are better. The implication of all these is that poor motivation of teachers
has led to many other problems within the secondary school administrative
system ranging from wide and high rate of examination malpractice to poor
learning achievement, high rate of teachers’ indiscipline, low teachers’ morale
and students’ poor attitude towards studies to mention but a few. As such, if
this ugly trend is not properly investigated immediately, it will lead to
increase in school dropout, unemployment, consistent poor performance of
teachers and students. It is in the light of the above that this study tends to
examine the assessment of teachers’ motivation as a tool for effective
secondary school administration in Ezza North L.G.A. of Ebonyi State.
The purpose of this study is to
investigate teachers’ motivation as a tool for effective secondary school
administration. The study specifically seeks to:
1.
Determine the effectiveness of secondary
school teachers’ based on intrinsic motivation in Ezza North L.G.A. of Ebonyi
State.
2.
Ascertain the effectiveness of secondary
school teachers’ based on extrinsic motivation.
3.
Identify the type of intrinsic motivation
available for teachers’ effectiveness in secondary school in Ezza North L.G.A
of Ebonyi State.
4.
Examine the factors militating against the
effectiveness of teachers’ motivation in secondary schools in Ezza North L.G.A.
of Ebonyi State.
The
benefits that accrue from this study are many. Specifically, teachers, students,
government and the society will all benefit from this study.
Teachers will benefit from this study, when
their employers are engulfed with the knowledge of the findings of the study,
by being more responsive in providing incentives and other benefits which will
strengthen their understanding and vision of the organization by contributing
effectively.
Students will benefit
from the findings of this study because the effectiveness of the teacher will
make learning effective on the side of the students which will bring about
success in school and in the society in general
Government will be well
informed with the understanding that being the employers of labour, they need
to provide the necessary things that are needed by the employers. It will help
government to achieve the objectives of secondary education as stated on the
National Policy on Education.
The society will benefit
maximally in that the development, high productivity and greater output
generation will come from students because of the accumulated knowledge
inculcated in them. Parents and guardian shall equally benefit from the
resources spent on their children in school because; it will significantly come
back to them at the long-run. Society at large will be deposited with skillful,
creative, qualitative, productive and high technical manpower that will bring
about growth in the economy and development in the society.
This study focuses
on the teacheers’ motivation as a tool for effective secondary school
administration in Ezza North L.G.A, Ebonyi State. With the aim of determining
the effectiveness of secondary school teachers based on intrinsic motivation,
effectiveness of secondary schools teachers’ based on extrinsic motivation, the
intrinsic motivation available for teachers’ effectiveness in secondary schools
in Ezza North L.G.A. and factors militating against the effectiveness of teachers’
motivation in secondary schools in Ezza North L.G.A Ebonyi State
From the objectives of the study, the
following research questions shall guide the study:
1.
Why is effectiveness of secondary school
teachers base on intrinsic motivation in Ezza North L.G.A?
2.
Why is effectiveness of secondary school
teachers base on extrinsic motivation?
3.
What are the intrinsic motivations
available for teachers’ effectiveness in secondary school in Ezza Noth L.G.A?
4.
What are factors militating against the
effectiveness of teachers’ motivation in secondary schools in Ezza North L.G.A?
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