ABSTRACT
The term “purchasing” is widely used in industry,
commerce, public corporation and management to denote the act, the function and
responsibility for procuring materials, supplies and services.
The researcher is aware that most serious problem
facing the world is the scarcity and the growing trend towards higher cost of
materials and services. But it is amazing the purchasing, which can be so vital
to an organization survival is still look upon it as little and not more than a
clerical or routine activity.
Too many people assumed the function is just a
simple exercise of processing requisition and placing order. Professional
purchasing however is not a clerical task.
However, in narrow sense and considering the topic
make-buy decision as an important tool for increased profitability, the term
determine the need, selecting the supplies, arriving of proper price term and
condition issuing the order, follow up to ensure proper delivery.
The
basic element involved in the performance of this purchasing function of a
coca-cola company plc, Ilorin are obtaining the proper equipment materials,
supplier and services that are needed, where they are needed at the right time
at the right price, in the right quantity and quality from the right source through
minimum effort and cost taking into consideration make or by decision as an
important tool for increased profitability at coca-cola company plc Ilorin
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Table of Content
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1
Background Of
The Study
1.2
Statement Of The
Problem
1.3
Aims And
Objectives Of The Study
1.4
Scope Of The
Study
1.5
Significance Of
The Study
1.6
Limitation Of
The Study
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1
Reason for the
Establishing of Public Enterprises
2.2
Rational for
Privatization and Commercialization in Nigeria
2.3
Privatization And
Commercialization Program In Nigeria
2.4
Technical
Committee on Privatization And Commercialization Act of (1988) (TCPC)
References
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Historical Overview of P.H.C.N
3.1
Research Methodology
3.2
The Instrument
Used in Data Collection
3.3
Method of Data
Analysis
3.4
Research
Methodology
3.5
Statement of
Hypothesis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Presentation and Analysis of Data
4.1
Presentation of
Data
4.2
Analysis of Data
4.3
Problem
Associated With The Privatization And Commercialization of P.H.C.N
4.4
The Prospect
Associated With Policy
4.5
Testing of Hypothesis
4.6
Finding
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1
Summary
5.2
Conclusion
5.3
Recommendation
References
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF
THE STUDY
In recent times, in their effort to
manage their resources more efficiently for maximum growth and development.
Most countries have started to question the wisdom of investing so much in
their public sector from which not much returns in terms of efficient supply of
goods and services or profit ability or both could be good. However,
privatization and commercialization have for long been and still remains a
highly controversial topic in Nigeria. To be or not to be? This project is
aimed at examining the concept of privatization and commercialization of
Nigeria public enterprises, the problems associated to its implementation and
its prospect.
Privatization is a global phenomenon it
is basically transfer of state owned investment to the private sectors through
sales or others means while commercialization is the reorganization of
enterprises wholly or partly owned by the government in which such
commercialized enterprises shall operates as profit ventures and without
subvention from government. Such enterprises would use private sector
procedures in the management of their business.
Globally, the economic crisis of the
1980 created serious problems must especially in the developing countries. This
lead to the emergence of a feeling among policy makers and economic planners
that have intensified the strive towards efficient and competitive domestic
economic structure so as to achieve sustainable growth and development and
therefore improve economic standards. Among the measure adopted in the early
80’s economic reform includes:
- Expansion of market: oriented structure in
production distribution and consumption
- Elimination of reducing of state control over prices
personal and other management decision
- Adoption of a realistic and completive exchange
rate.
- Freeing the interest rate market from unnecessary
intervention from regularly authorities.
Following this global trend ever 70
countries have undertaken one from of economic reform or another with the
dominant feature being privatization and commercialization of major economic
enterprises. The privatization of public enterprises is informed b y the need
to run public especially in government monopolies have some motivation that
made privatization and commercialization process an acceptable solution to
problem of essential public infrastructure. In PHCN dynamic in particular
better management process, faster corporate response to emerging changes and
challenges, dynamic business orientation are some of the key motivating,
programmatic attitude to business training, customer relations, competitions
flexible market-driven investment focus, acquisition of up to date tools and
attraction of local and foreign investment are also some of the key motivation
to privatization. While privatization and commercialization program me has its
strengths, some times has exposed since the advent of privatization and
commercialization in Nigeria and it is known that the policy faced up to some
problem in its implementation such as :
- First and foremost, they delay problems. There are
considerable delays between the data privatization and commercialization
decision was taken and the take-off date for example privatization programme,
drew up a timetable using public enterprise that are going to be privatized
under three phase. Phase one and two were stated to be privatized between July
2000 and June 2002. Companies under phase three those in the power and
petrochemical. The privatization of those sectors was schedule for January 2002
to December 2003. Yet all that should have been concluded by these years has
been in the cold.
- Secondly, several labour unions perceive of the
policy as anti-labour. This is because, the implementation of the programme
necessitate some rationalization and restricting which may eventually result in
massive retrenchment many people especially those in the labour movement
believe that privatization and commercialization may reduce employments
particularly in the affected enterprises.
- Thirdly, in accessibility to credit problem. A fast
of equity share-holders are short of funds for processing their application
forms many Nigerians do not have enough money to meet their immediate needs let
alone have savings to invest. In such circumstances it not unlikely only the
well to do people would have funds to invest in the affected enterprises.
- Fourthly, some officials of the former supervisory ministries
see the programme as plan to reduce their power over public enterprises
sectors.
- Last but not the least; it may counter undue
advantages on some sectors of the Nigeria community. Nigeria is a country where
economic wealth, political power industrial locations are not evenly spread,
privatization and commercialization may give undue advantages to some sectors.
With these itemized problems of
implementation of privatization and commercialization policy above the far are
not altogether unfounded hence for reaching measure have been exercise. For
instance, privatization of P.H.C.N rather a number of companies engage in the
generation and distribution of will power emerge.
1.2 STATEMENT OF
THE PROBLEM
The focus of this study by the
researcher is to identify the privatization and commercialization of public
enterprises problems and prospects. Hence, in the course of the study, effort
has been made to find solution the following research problem.
a. What are the problems associated with the
privatization and commercialization of P.H.C.N
b. What are the prospects associated with the policy?
c. What is the historical background of P.H.C.N
d. What are rational for this policy implementation?
e. What are the meaning of privatization and
commercialization
f. What is the impact of privatization and
commercialization on the economy?
g. The roles privatization and commercialization of
Nigerian industry?
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The study
has to examine the problem and prospect of privatization and commercialization
public enterprises taking power holding company as case study. The objectives
of the study are:
a.
To examine the
problems associated with privatization and commercialization of P.H.C.N
b.
To discuss the
prospect associated with the policy
c.
To examine the
historical back ground of P.H.C.N
d. To examine the rational for the policy.
e.
To define the
meaning of privatization and commercialization
f.
To highlight the
impact of privatization and commercialization of Nigeria industry.
g.
To assess the
roles of privatization and commercialization of Nigeria industry
1.4 SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
The research work has limited to the
scope of privatization and commercialization of Nigeria public enterprises
especially P.H.C.N as a case study. It covered the introduction which examined
the historical origin of P.H.C.N in the country. It will also looking at the
problem cofounded in privatization and commercialization the sectors (P.H.C.N).
Importantly, the research spaced as
spend a lot of time to examine supply and demand imbalance. In conclusion, the
researchers summarized all he had done and gave useful recommendation and based
on the research work on how best privatization and commercialization of P.H.C.N
can develop and Nigeria industry as a whole.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The
significance of this study is to:
- Serve as database for federal government toward
privatization public sector in order to ensure a well developed economy.
- It is also to help private enterprises on how they
can perform in terms of services rendered.
- Serve as reference materials to researchers and haps
P.H.C>n planners derive useful materials for planning purpose.
1.6 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
The researcher work on privatization and
commercialization of Nigeria public enterprises. especially P.H.C.N, the researcher
has made use of both primary and secondary source of data.
The primary data employed include
questionnaire and interview while secondary data include textbook, internet
journals etc.
The population research is basically the
stuff of P.H.C.N while both descriptive and inferential statistic has been
employed to present and analysis the delta collected.
1.7 STATEMENT OF
THE HYPOTHESIS
The general hypothesis to be tested in
this study is as following:
Ho: privatization and commercialization of public
enterprises has no prospect.
Hi: privatization and commercialization of public
enterprise has present.
1.8 ORGANIZATION
AND PLAN OF THE STUDY
The research work has been divided into
five chapters for each presentation of the fact and figures gathered.
Chapter One contains the introduction,
background, statement of the problem, aims and objectives, scope of the study,
significance of the study, research methodology, statement of hypothesis and
plan and organization of the study.
Chapter Two treats past literature
review, research for establishment of public enterprises, rational for
commercialization and privatization in Nigeria, privatization and
commercialization program in Nigeria, technique committee on the program.
Chapter three consists of the historical
overview of P.H.C.N, research method, the instrument used in data collection,
method of data analysis and limitation of the study.
Chapter four discusses the presentation
and analysis of data, problems associated with the privatization and commercialization
of P.H.C.N, the prospect associated with policy and testing of hypothesis.
Chapter five
throw light on summary, conclusion and recommendation.
LIMITATION OF
THE STUDY
On the course of this research the
following problems were encountered like short time frame financing problem
scarcity of information or data must especially from the management of P.H.C.N
etc. This is due to mainly the wide scope of the study which emphasizes on a
complex institution like Nigeria again enough financing of the accomplishment
of this work become a problem in the sense that gathering information was
costly the researcher needed enough money together then.
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