CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Education in any perspective finds its
usefulness in the areas of moral, intellectual, social and spiritual
development of the child. This development to a great extent is a function of
the quality of the educational system, which is partly measured on the basis of
students' discipline. Discipline constitutes one of the fundamental, critical
and challenging functions of the teacher. Mostly, when viewed from the fact
that students whom they manage their affairs are drawn from different home
background, accommodates the influence of peer groups and thus, were bound to
exhibit different patterns of behaviour
that may not conform with the instructional standard of the school.
Discipline is an aspect of school
function which if not well maintained can render the school system ineffective.
School discipline as a matter of fact is seen as a vital element in the process
by which students are enabled to function in the society. The general idea
underlying this fact is that if the school is situated in the society and it is
hoped that the products of these schools will be absorbed into the society, the
students must therefore be made to develop rule-following and law, adding
habits so that they conform to the general social expectations of the main
culture absorbing its basic attitudes and beliefs, Sieber and wilder (1997:70)
point out that a society without rules is inconceivable, and rules without
attitude of disapproval towards them are inconceivable. In the English
Elementary School, obedience was enforced mildly without any military goal in
mind and in that discipline was seen essentially as a process of obedient
training for society at large. On the other hand, thinking of discipline in
terms of training for society, Docking (1990:4) says it may encourage schooling for subordination where teachers
use their disciplinary authority to satisfy some unfulfilled need within
themselves so that they are to view children as a means rather than as ends.
The promotion or maintenance of
effective discipline is essential if organised group action is to be effective
or productive whether the group is a club, society, a union, a company, a
business or industrial concern or a nation. The word discipline connotes that
the members or a group should reasonably conform to the rules and regulations,
which is the code of behaviour which
have been formed for it or by it, so that every one may benefit by them.
People's morale or industrial peace are definitely proper by maintenance of
discipline if the members of a group do not abide by the rules of the
organisation, it may collapse. Chaos, confusion, disobedience, disloyalty and
antisocial or anti-organisational activities develop to the detriment of every
one. In the word of Spriegel (1997:34) "discipline is the force that
prompts an individual or a group to observe the rules, regulations which are seemed
to be necessary to the attainment of an objective". It is a factor, which
restrains an individual from doing certain things, which are deemed to be
disruptive for the group objectives. It is also the exercise of restraint or
the enforcement of penalties for the violation of group regulations. Thus,
discipline can be said as an attitude of the mind, a product of culture and a
particular environment which promotes an individual to willingly co-operate in
the observance of the rules of the organizational to which he belongs.
School discipline is often seen as
an important ingredient in the process by which children are enabled to
function in the society because living in the society entails living in
association with certain agreed rules, which govern one's behaviour. Thus,
keeping order in the school is a multi-faced problem associated with range of
interacting factors, such as the child himself, home and neighbourhood
influence, changing societal values and expectations, the school and its
natural environment, and the individual teacher.
The problem of indiscipline is more
apparent among secondary school students all over the world. Indiscipline among
them has attracted serious attention of scholars and administrators. These
scholars and administrators attributes to their state of development. They
opine that when students notice certain biological changes signalling maturity
in the course of the growth and development, they tend to misbehave by faulting
school rules and regulations ( Mukhargee 1995:17).
Indiscipline
is a mode of life not in conformity with rules and non-subjected to control. By
extension, the term connotes the violation of school rules and regulations
capable of obstructing the smooth and orderly, functioning of the school system
( Adeyemo 1995:22). School rules and regulations in most cases affect students
more than any other thing because they are made by the school authorities in
order to guide and protect the students while in school.
Indiscipline may be said to be as
old as the time when men started to organize himself into society and consequently made laws to
order the affairs of men in a social set up. In the Holy Scripture Cain
exhibited some form of indiscipline when he out of envy murdered his brother
Abel in their abode. We have heard of people engaging in indiscipline behaviour
on daily basis. Many of our students today especially those in our secondary
school exhibit various forms of indiscipline in form of juvenile delinquency.
This could be in the form of arson, murder and robbery etc. these acts involve
both adult and youths, the rate of indiscipline tends to be on the increase in
the modern world. Africa is not an exception of this general increase in the
young stars, negative attitude to constituted authority. This rate of indiscipline
tends to be on an increase despite the various measure taken by successive
government most especially Nigeria, to curb the menace among our students so as
to bring about a socially stable society.
We read our newspapers and hear from the electronic media of students in the
country committing all forms of crimes ranging from the violation of parental
regulations to truancy, stealing, assault, robbery and other socially
undesirable behaviours. Available information shows that our students are most
frequently implicated in the acts of indiscipline that in every five caught for
a criminal offence; there are usually young stars. These offence ranges from
drugs and robbery. During the military rule, several measures were put in place
to curb the trends, on its assumption to power on the 31st December
1983, the government of general Mohammuadu Buhari (Rtd) made it known that one
of the causes of our problems in our country (Nigeria) was indiscipline and as
such, the war against indiscipline (WAI) was introduced into all aspects of the
life of the nation. Also our past head of states, General Sani Abacha (Lt) on
assumption I office (1993) launched the war against indiscipline and corruption
(WAIC), Presdient Olusegun Obasanjo also launched independent corrupt practices
commission (ICPC) and economic financial crime commission (EFCC). This was
aimed at checking the various corrupt practices in our society. Despite all
these commendable effort of our youth are still very much indiscipline. The
Nigeria youth is yet to embrace the principles behind the war against
indiscipline and corruption programme even when he is supposed to have great
roles to play in the success of the programme.
There is often the saying that our youths are the leaders of tomorrow, but from
what happens on a daily basis, one is forced to wonder if actually the youths
are the future leader of tomorrow, if they could actually be entrusted with the
leadership roles of the futures, people from various works of life have expressed
concern. Olusegun Obasanjo formal president and head of state of the Federal
Republic of Nigeria lamented over the rate of indiscipline in the Nigeria
society. He pointed accusing fingers to most youths and adults noting that they
suffering from what he called social, moral, political and economic
indiscipline. Also formal head of state general Ibrahim Babaginda confirmed the
obvious fact that the rate of indiscipline and crime among youths was growing
fast. He said.
“Moral decadence is threatening the nation as evidenced by the get rich quick
syndrome that pervaded all facts of the society. Crimes of violence in which
our young stars are involved in indication of the malaise which affects most of
our communities”. (Daily Times 26th December, 1985. pp 1). The
problems of indiscipline among students are fast becoming a canker worm that is
eaten deeper and deeper in to the fabric of our society and thereby
constituting a greater threaten to the stability of the nation. Indiscipline of
various types has eaten deep into the fabric of the social system, it is a
problem that is increasing at a fast rate and needs prompt attention. We have
come to notice that hardly any family exists without a child possessing one
trait of indiscipline or the other. It is either the child steals, is rude, not
well mannered, runs away from classes, and or at time if the child is a female,
it may be that she posses indulgent sexual acts which may create great concerns
for the parents. It is also possible that the child is one way or the other
drug addict. In whatever way it is viewed whether the child exhibits any of
these features or many others, which are socially undesirable, such a child is
certainly a problem to the family and the society at large.
It is also sad,
to note that student’s indiscipline has had a lot of negative effects on the
school system and learning, many academic calendar are being disrupted as a
result of this indiscipline many students now form themselves into gangs, they
threaten the life of fellow students and even teachers. It is as a result of
this indiscipline that we now have secreted societies or secrete cults even in
our primary and secondary schools. It is necessary for the nation to pay
attention to the frequent indiscipline among our students, if she is to achieve
fame and progress in all field of human endeavour,. This is because the fate of
any nation depends on the youths she breeds, as they are the leaders of
tomorrow.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The problem of student’s indiscipline is to be well attended to by parents,
teachers/school administrators and all these involved in the upbringing of the
students in the country, if lasting solutions are to be found in it. To this
end, we all stand to gain in no small measure If students refrain from
indiscipline behaviours and become discipline. In the teaching and learning
process certain identifiable problems of indiscipline militate against its
success and achievements.That means for effective teaching and learning to take
place there must be discipline in order to make reasonable achievements. This
study is therefore interested in addressing the problems of indiscipline so
that teaching and learning will improve in our schools.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study is
centered on finding out whether:
a.
family background contributes to student indiscipline and failure among
secondary students in ika south local government area.
b.
poor organizational structure contributes to indiscipline among secondary school
students.
c.
peer group contribute to indiscipline among secondary school students.
d. Poor teacher student relationship generate to indiscipline among secondary school
students.
1.4 Research Questions
To guide this study, the following questions are necessary:
1. How does
family background cause indiscipline among secondary school student in the
study area?
2. How does poor
organizational structure generate to indiscipline and failure among secondary
school student?
3. How does
peer group cause indiscipline among secondary school students?
4 How does
poor teachers students relationship caused indiscipline and failure among
secondary school students.
1.5 Significance of
the Study
It is expected that the result of this
study would be useful to the following stakeholders;
a) School
administrators; School
administrators in their effort to put an
end to the problem of students indiscipline specifically the out-come of this
work would assist in monitoring the
activities of their children through the results of this study, school heads,
will discover what negative role they play and which in turn affect events that
can lead to indiscipline in school. They will then adjust their administrative
loopholes and forge ahead for a well-disciplined schools system.
b) Teachers;
Teachers are expected to know from this study how students indiscipline is
being carried out around them and employ means of eradicating the trend.
c) Government and Policy makers; The study would
also be useful to the government and policy makers in formulating policies that
will ensure a disciplined and patriotic behaviour on the part of the students.
The
overall aim of this study is the complete wiping out of indiscipline among
students so that teaching and learning atmosphere will be conducive and free
dangers. In such an environment, there will be better enhancement of knowledge.
1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study
The research work is geographical limited to Delta state. It include both human
and material resources drawn from the local government, teachers from different
school, students from different secondary schools and general public but for
effective study due to the large population involved it is limited to Ika south
local government areas and problems that
may be encountered in the process of covering the local government, the numbers
of schools were reduced to five to enhance adequate coverage. These schools
were selected randomly from the State. However, the major constraint of this
study are attitudes of some respondent who deliberately and out of bias refuse
to disclose some relevant information needed for successful completion of this
study; there was insufficient fund to gather enough data and materials needed for
this study due to non reliable sources of income of the researcher and time
given to carry out this empirical study was very short and therefore inadequate
comparing to the nature of this empirical study.Despite that the researcher
endeavour to make effective use of the available resources at his disposal to
ensure that this study became successful.
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