ABSTRACT
The study investigates the prevalence of pests and diseases affecting maize and groundnut crops in Galamawa, Fanisau, and Laraba farms within Dutse Local Government Area (LGA). The objectives were to identify and classify the major pests and diseases impacting these crops and assess their effects on yield and quality. The study found significant variation in pest and disease prevalence among the farms. Leaf pests, such as Leaf Webworm (Antigastra catalaunalis) and Leaf Hopper (Cicadellidae), exhibited prevalence rates of up to 30%, while stem pests, including Stem Borer (Chilo partellus), were present at 10% in multiple farms. Pod pests like Pod Sucking Bugs (Riptortus dentipes) reached prevalence rates of 30% in Fanisau Farm. Root pests, notably Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), were identified only in Galamawa Farm. Similarly, significant diseases affecting the crops included Grey Leaf Spot (Pyricularia grisea), Black Bundle Disease (Cephalosporium acremonium), Powdery Mildew (Leveillula taurica), and Fusarium and Gibberella stalk root (Fusarium graminearum), with prevalence rates ranging from 5% to 25%. The findings underline the need for integrated pest and disease management strategies. Recommendations include the use of resistant crop varieties, pre-planting pesticide application, and improved farm management practices. These interventions aim to mitigate the impact of pests and diseases, thereby enhancing crop yield and quality.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
page - - - - - - - - - - -i
Declaration - - - - - - - - - - -ii
Certification - - - - - - - - - - -iii
Approval
page- - - - - - - - - - -iv
Dedication- - - - - - - - - - - -v
Acknowledgement- - - - - - - - - - -vi
Table
of contents- - - - - - - - - - -vii
Abstract- - - - - - - - - - - -ix
CHAPTER
ONE
1.1
Introduction - - - - - - - - - -1
1.2 Statement
of the Research Problem - - - - - - -1
1.3
Significance of the Study - - - - - - - - -2
1.4 Scope of
the Study - - - - - - - - -2
1.4 Aim and
Objectives of the Study - - - - - - - -2
1.5 Research
Questions - - - - - - - - -3
CHAPTER
TWO
LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1 Pests of Groundnut and Maize - - - - - - - -4
2.2 Diseases of groundnut - - - - - - - - -6
2.3 Diseases of maize - - - - - - - - -7
2.4 Distribution and Geographical Spread of
Pests in Groundnut and maize - - -9
2.5 Economic Implications of Pests and
Diseases in Groundnut and maize - - -10
2.6 The Role of Environmental Factors - - - - - - -11
2.7 Environmental Factors Affecting
Pests and Diseases of Groundnut and maize - -12
2.8 Cultural Practices and Their Role in Groundnut and
maize pest and Disease Management -12
2.9 Monitoring and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in
Maize and groundnut Farming- -15
2.10 Importance
of Monitoring Pests in Groundnut and maize - - - - -16
2.11 Climate Change and Its Impact on Maize and
Groundnut Pests and Diseases - -17
2.12 Successful Pest Management Programs in
Groundnut and Maize - - - -18
2.13
Socio-Economic Impacts of Pests and Diseases on Groundnut and Maize Farming - -19
2.14 Technological Advances in Groundnut and maize
Pest and Disease Management - -21
CHAPTER
THREE
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Study Area - - - - - - - - - -23
3.2 Study
Design - - - - - - - - - -23
3.3 Sampling techniques - - - - - - - - -23
3.4 Sample
Size Determination - - - - - - - -24
3.5 Data
Collection Methods - - - - - - - - -24
3.6 Identification
of Pests and Diseases - - - - - - -24
3.7 Data
Analysis - - - - - - - - - -25
3.8 Limitations
of the Study - - - - - - - - -25
CHAPTER
FOUR
RESULTS
AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Results - - - - - - - - - -26
4.2 Discussion - - - - - - - - - - -27
CHAPTER
FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary - - - - - - - - - - -32
5.2 Conclusion - - - - - - - - - -33
5.3
Recommendations - - - - - - - - -33
References - - - - - - - - - -34
CHAPTER
ONE
1.1
Introduction
Maize
and groundnut are important crops for both commercial and small holder farming
in Nigeria Maize (Zeamays L) and groundnut are the second most important crop
next to rice in north western Nigeria and Dutse. Maize and groundnuts are known
to be key staples for millions of households throughout the sub-Saharan Africa
(Bandyopadhyay, et al., 2016;)
Groundnuts
are a rich source of protein and energy, and are consumed directly or used in
processed foods and snacks. The kernels can be eaten raw or roasted, chopped
into confectioneries, or ground into peanut butter.
Groundnuts
are a major source of edible oil, with about two-thirds of the world's
production being crushed for oil. The oil is used for cooking, and in the
manufacture of margarine, shortening, and soaps.
Maize,
also known as corn, is a vital crop for many reasons, including: Food Maize is
a staple food in many parts of the world and a good source of vitamins,
minerals, fiber, and oil. Industrial products Maize is used to make a variety
of industrial products Food: Cornmeal, grits, flour, tortillas, snacks,
breakfast cereals, and chapatis
Alcoholic beverages: Seeds are used to make alcohol Pharmaceuticals: Maize starch is used as a
diluent and in cosmetics Fuel: Maize is
used to produce biofuels and ethanol
Paper:
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
Groundnut and maize crops in GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse, are increasingly threatened by arrange of pests and diseases, which jeopardize crop yield and quality. Despite the importance of Groundnut and maize in local agriculture, there is limited research documenting the specific pest and disease issues affecting Groundnut and maize in this region.
Consequently, there is a lack of targeted management strategies to address these challenges.This study seeks to identify and catalogue the prevalent pests and diseases affecting Groundnut and maize in GALAMAWA, FANISAU
AND LARABA in Dutse LGA ,providing essential data for developing effective management practices.
1.3 Significance of the study
The findings from this study will provide valuable data on pests and diseases of Groundnut and maize to farmers in Dutse GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse LGA. By identifying and analyzing the specific diseases and pests faced.
Additionally, there search will contribute to the academic literature on Groundnut and maize cultivation and pests and disease affecting it, offering insights that could be applied too their regions with similar agricultural conditions. Addressing the pest and disease problems of Groundnut and maize in GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse LGA, is vital for improving crop productivity and sustainability.This study will fill the gap in localized knowledge, offering insights that can help farmers and agricultural stake holders develop targeted interventions. By understanding the pest and diseased dynamics, it will be possible to recommend specific control measures and enhance overall Groundnut and maize
production in the region. This research also aligns with broader agricultural goals of increasing food security and supporting local economies
1.4 Scope of the study
This study was focus on Groundnut and maize crops within GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse LGA, covering various farms and agricultural settings in the area. The study will concentrate on identifying major pest sand diseases, their prevalence, and their effect on Groundnut and maize yield and quality.There search will not extend to Groundnut and maize production practice or economic evaluations beyond pest and disease impacts. The findings will be specific on the GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse LGA, region and may not be directly applicable too their regions without further investigation.
1.5 Aim and Objectives
Aim:
The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive study of pests and diseases affecting Maize (Zea mays L) and Groundnut ()Arachis hypogaea L.) in GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse LGA.
Objectives:
Objectives of this study were
i.
To identify the major pests affecting Groundnut and maize in GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse LGA
ii.
To classify the major pest and disease of Groundnut and maize
in GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA area in Dutse LGA.
iii.
To assess the impact of these pest and diseases on yield and quality of Groundnut and maize
grown in GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse LGA
1.6 Research question
i.
What are the major
pest affecting Groundnut and maize in GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse LGA
ii.
What are the impacts
of pests and disease on groundnut and maize crop grown in GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND
LARABA in Dutse LGA
iii.
How can we access the
effects of pest and disease in GALAMAWA, FANISAU AND LARABA in Dutse LGA
Buyers has the right to create
dispute within seven (7) days of purchase for 100% refund request when
you experience issue with the file received.
Dispute can only be created when
you receive a corrupt file, a wrong file or irregularities in the table of
contents and content of the file you received.
ProjectShelve.com shall either
provide the appropriate file within 48hrs or
send refund excluding your bank transaction charges. Term and
Conditions are applied.
Buyers are expected to confirm
that the material you are paying for is available on our website
ProjectShelve.com and you have selected the right material, you have also gone
through the preliminary pages and it interests you before payment. DO NOT MAKE
BANK PAYMENT IF YOUR TOPIC IS NOT ON THE WEBSITE.
In case of payment for a
material not available on ProjectShelve.com, the management of
ProjectShelve.com has the right to keep your money until you send a topic that
is available on our website within 48 hours.
You cannot change topic after
receiving material of the topic you ordered and paid for.
Login To Comment