FABRICATION OF A PEPPER GRINDING MACHINE

Abstract

The process of crushing and grinding domestic product into powdered form was approached and achieved in this project work taking into account some necessary modifications due to the limitation found in the previous design machine. With the continuous improvement and advancement in the present days technology has brought the invention and making of diverse types and shapes of machine. These machines require different kind of energy for its operation and to produce useful work and it does not waste time. Most of them are operated manually or electrically. Basically, the pepper grinding machine is a useful device for achieving grinding of agricultural product like pepper food stuff and all type of grinding operations. In this grinding mill, the urge shaft is adequately supported with bearing to reduce the supporting materials. The posterior is also fabricated in such a way that there is room for adequate lubrication. These adequate supports given to the urge shaft help to reduce the frictional forces and there by ensures long lifespan of the machine. The materials used for the fabrication of this project are readily available and can withstand the mechanically applied force or stresses

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page                                                                         i

Approval page                                                                  ii

Dedication                                                                       iii

Acknowledgement                                                            iv

Abstracts                                                                         v

Table of Contents                                                             vi

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction                                                               1     

1.1 Aims and objectives of a pepper grinding machine    2

1.2 Objective                                                                    2

1.3 Units of a grinding machine                                      2

1.3.1 The Hopper unit                                                     3

1.3.2 The crushing unit                                                   3

1.3.3 The Power Unit                                                       3

1.3.4 The collection unit                                                  4

1.4 Literature Review                                                       4

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Analysis of alternative method to grinding machine 5

2.1 Manual grinding machine                                          5

2.2 Grinding stone                                                           5

2.3 Choice of Alternatives                                                        6

2.4 Mortal and pestle grinding                                                 7

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 General description and its working principle           8

3.2 Component of the pepper grinding machine              8

3.3 Grinding Unit                                                            9

3.4 Bearing                                                                      9

3.5 Pulley                                                                         10

3.6 Machine Stand                                                          10

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Calculation for the grinding machine                                12

4.1 Volume of the hopper                                                        12

4.2 Mass of hopper                                                          18

4.3 Total weight of the machine                                       19

4.4 Discharge rate                                                            19

4.5 Velocity ratio of the belt drive                                    20

4.6 Efficiency of the grinding machine                             21

CHAPTER FIVE

 5.0 Fabrication detail of pepper grinding machine          22

5.1 Material selection                                                      22

5.2 Consideration for the choice of material                    22

5.3 Fabrication Detail                                                      23

5.4 Testing and observation                                             25

5.5 cost of analysis of material used                                        27

CHAPTER SIX

6.0 Conclusion, Recommendation and Reference            28

6.1 Conclusion                                                                        28

6.2 Recommendation                                                       28

Reference                                                                                 29

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The project titled fabrication of machine is used for grinding domestic food stuff like corn, pepper, beans, tomatoes, melon

e.t.c. The grinding operation was carried out in the olden days with the aid of grinding stone. This method is very tedious and unhygienic in nature. The particle of the grinding stone can easily be mixed with the grinding food items which may be hazardous to the food itself and also to the personnel undertaken such task by entering his or her body. It takes a lot of time and energy during operation (wwwcrushermachine.com).

Pepper grinding machine was fabricated purposely to overcome all the challenges which may be encountered when grinding using this primitive method. It can also be used for commercial purpose. Some of the machines were made to be operated manually. With this type of machine, series of labour is been done and a lot of energy been wasted in undergoing such task.

The advent of advanced technology has introduced a new dimension into this kind of grinder, which overcome the problem of hard labour and energy wasted with the use of the electrically operated grinding machine.

1.1 AIMS

The aim of the project is to fabricate pepper grinding machine to eliminate the olden methods of grinding. Electrical power grinder was put into the construction in order to ease the labour directed to the process of grinding and to limit time taken in the operation process.

1.2 OBJECTIVE

1.       To assess student interest and suitability in their respective career.

2.  To afford students the opportunity of relating the theoretical class works with the actual industrial life.

3.  To reduce the time taken and energy required during grinding operation.

1.3 UNITS OF A GRINDING MACHINE

The grinding mill is divided into four main units namely

     I.        The hopper unit

   II.        The crushing unit

  III.        The power unit

 IV.        The collection unit

1.3.1 THE HOPPER UNIT

The hopper unit houses the food stuff to be grinded and guide the items in an hygienic manner to the crushing unit.

1.3.2 THE CRUSHING UNIT

The crushing unit consists of a space housing the shaft on which it is welded in a helical profile. When this shaft rotate, the welded helical profile move and crushes the food. The crushing staff converges the crushed food into the grinding pepper machine of the two discs.

One of the discs in the grinding units is stationary while the other rotates with the shaft in the crushing section. It is at this unit that the food is been grinded to fine particles. A ball bearing is incorporated and a screw ceases structure in other to contro’ the grinding efficiency of the disc.

1.3.3 THE POWER UNIT

An electric motor is fixed to the machine which helps to transmit output torque through a belt drive connected to the crushing shaft when the motor is on the shaft and have the operation of grinding machine.

1.3.4 THE COLLECTION UNIT

This is the point at which the grinded items would be collected after undergoing grinding processes.

1.4 LITERATURE REVIEW

Grinding process was accomplished in the dark ages: by the use of grinding stone which is carved out from rocks and carved into a desired shape and size. This takes a lot of time and requires a lot of energy used in grinding stone. Due to technological advancement, the electric pepper grinder was invented in which the electric motor drives the grinding disc with the aid of the belt and pulley. The main focus of the project is just to minimize the time and energy consumed when grinding the food stuffs.

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