Abstract
The general purpose of this study was on entrepreneurship
initiative for poverty reduction among youths in Nsukka Local Government Area
of Enugu State. The study was designed to identify the entrepreneurship ideas
needed for poverty reduction among youth, find out ways entrepreneurship
initiative can enhance social and economics status, find out problems facing
the entrepreneurship initiative among youths, proffered solution to the problem
of entrepreneurship ideas among youths. A survey design was used to guide the
study; the population of this study is 400 while the simple size of the study
was 200 unemployed youth respondents in 3 Development Centre. The data for the
study were collected using structured questionnaire and was analyzed using
frequency and mean. The finding of the study shows that; entrepreneurship ideas
will help to reduce poverty among youth in Nsukka Local Government Area,
entrepreneurship initiative can enhance social and economic status among youth
in Nsukka, problem facing the entrepreneurship ideas among youth in Nsukka and
proffer solution to the problem of entrepreneurship ideas among youth in
Nsukka. Based on the findings, it was recommended that government and
non-government organization should assist in building more skill acquisition
centre to the youth, government should developed the quality entrepreneurship
education to enable the youth fit into labour market and provide adequate fund
for non-formed training for unemployment youth in fish farming poultry and crop
production.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the
Study
Statement of
Problem
Purpose of the
Study
Significance of
the Study
Scope of the
Study
Research Question
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Conceptual
Framework
Review of related
empirical literature
Summary related
literature
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Area of the Study
Population of the
study
Sample and
Sampling Techniques
Instrument for
Data Collection
Validation of the
Instrument
Method of Data
Collection
Method of data
Analysis.
Decision Rule
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary of the
Study
Conclusion
Recommendation
Implication of
the Study
Limitation of the
Study
Suggestion for
Further Study
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
It is a common
experience that about 80% of the graduates from Nigerian Universities find it
very difficult to get employment every year. This is partly due to the
curricula of the Universities and other tertiary institutions, which emphasis
on training for white –collar jobs, (Okojie 2008). Nigeria as a nation has been making
more efforts to improve the standard of living for people through various
policies and programme to eradicate poverty. for instance, operation feed the
nation, (OFN) 1976 encourage people to return to farm, National Directorate of
Employment of 1986 was established to capture the unemployed and equip them
with the necessary skills that will make
them employable and self sustaining, Poverty Alleviation Programmes
(PAP) 2000 was introduced to reduce unemployment and raise effective demand in
the economy, and National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) 2001, provided
many youths with the “Keke NAPEP” mass transit vehicles.
In Nigeria and other African countries
poverty is described as a socio-economic problem that affects the growth and
development of the region. Poverty is also the inability of one to have the
basic necessities of life, that is basically not having enough food to eat, a
high rate of infant mortality, low educational opportunities (Aluko, 2011). The
government of this country have designed and embarked on several measures to
reduce the degree of poverty and improve the social well-being of the people.
According to Michael and Dories (2001)
initiative as an incubator of Ideas, to explore new ideas and learn how to take
a new company body into the future Michael also stated that initiative is a
personal quality that shows a willingness to get things done and take
responsibility and self discipline, ability to take action that are in the
long-term best interest.
Entrepreneurship Initiative as defined
by the European parliament (2006) is an
individuals ability to turn ideas into action, it includes creativity,
innovation and risk taking, as well as the ability to plan and manage project
in order to achieve objective. Thus support individuals, not only in their
every day lives at home and in the society, but
also in the workplace in being aware of the context of their work and
being able to seize opportunities. This is a foundation for more specific
skills and knowledge needed by those establishing or contributing to social or
commercial activity. This should include awareness of ethnical values and
promotion of good governance.
Entrepreneurship initiative is one of
the measures embraced by the government to reduce poverty and unemployment in
the country (Arogundade, 2011). Basu (2004) suggest that entrepreneurship
initiatives often have aspiration different to those of common people. Other
personal characteristic that supposedly differentiate entrepreneurship from
business owned manager include, initiative, a willingness to take risks,
self-confidence, perseverance, resourcefulness, independence, tolerance for
uncertainty and ambiguity.
The world entrepreneurship is derived
from the French world entreprendre, meaning to undertake, to pursue
opportunities, to fulfill needs and wants through innovation: This may include
starting business inside or outside an established organization.
Entrepreneurship According to Odusina (2000) is the process of using available
capital in any form for business endeavors in an open and free-market economy
for the sole purpose of making profits. Entrepreneurship also as defined by Peters,
(2001) is a process of creating something new with value by devoting necessary time and efforts assuring the
accompanying financial, and social risks and receiving the resulting rewards of
monetary and personal satisfaction and independence.
An entrepreneur is someone who has the
ability to see and evaluate business opportunities, to gather the necessary
resources, to take advantage of the end and initiate appropriate action, to
ensure success (Meredith, Nelson and Nick, 2000). Entrepreneur see “problem” as
“opportunities”. And then take action to identify the solutions to those problems
and the customer who will pay to have those young people and build on their
strong spirit of risk-taking through entrepreneurship development. An entrepreneur is an individual who is able
to use organized efforts to pursue opportunities, to create value and grow by
fulfilling wants and needs through innovation and uniqueness. (Uzoma, 2000). As
a consequence, the entrepreneur disturbs the status quo and may thus be
regarded as a change agent. In such a capacity he or she does not just work for
him or herself in a small firm but may be employed in a large organization (Kirby,
2008).
Statement of Problem
Entrepreneurship initiative is very
important in Nsukka Local Government Area, because the unemployed youths are
still dwelling in abject poverty. The
need to reduce poverty to the barest minimum has been the Challenge for Nigerian
Government. In other word, they are unemployed; not because they lack the
qualification but because the system has been crippled politically,
economically, socio-culturally and even religiously. There was no opportunities
for the unemployed youth in Nsukka to be involved in decision making progress
in the matters that affect their environment and society owing to lack of
entrepreneurship education. It is unfortunate that in Nsukka Local Government area, there is little or no
entrepreneurship imitative programme for the
development of youths in the area.
In Nsukka Local Government Area of
Enugu State, the youths who are supposed to be young entrepreneur and
contribute their quota to the economics development of their society find it
difficult to cope due to lack of infrastructural facilities, lack of increase
in supply of stead and sustainable power supply, lack of insufficient roads and
lack of entrepreneurial skill that would have enabled the graduates to see themselves
as job creators rather than job seekers. So many people living in Nsukka Local
Government Area are mostly poor,
especial the youths who live school without the knowledge of entrepreneur and
it has led to the economics backwardness of the youths in the state.
However , the problem of the study is
that when youths are living in abject poverty it leads them to prostitution,
unwanted pregnancy, armed-robbery, kidnapping and 419 . This is worrisome,
because if this is not looked into, it will not only affect the youths in the
state but the country as a whole. This is the reason why the researcher intends
to ascertain the entrepreneurship initiative for poverty reduction among youths
in Nsukka.
Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to
investigate the entrepreneurship initiative for poverty reduction among youths
in Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State.
Specifically the study tends to:
1.
Identify the
Entrepreneurship Ideas needed to reduce poverty among youths in Nsukka Local
Government Area.
2.
Find out ways entrepreneurship Initiative can enhance
social and economic status
3.
Find out Problems facing the Entrepreneurship Initiative
among youths in Nsukka Local Government Area.
4.
Proffer solution to the problem of entrepreneurship ideas
among youths in Nsukka Local Government Area.
Significance of the Study
The study will be beneficial to youths
because they will be exposed to so many opportunities on how to be
self-employed, and how to create wealth on their own without carrying files
about after graduating from tertiary institutions. This study will also be of great benefit to the families and individuals,
because the information from this study will open their eyes to know many
skills acquisition that will help them fight against poverty.
The government will benefit greatly
from this studies because when these
youths are properly oriented, equipped with the knowledge of
entrepreneurship initiative, development
will come to the state, both socio- economic, political and psychological. The
society will also be beneficial from this research because the government will
put appropriate measures in organizing seminar, conference and work-shop on how
to reorient the youths on the importance of entrepreneurship ideas.
Scope of the Study
This study focuses on the
entrepreneurship initiative for poverty reduction among youths in Nsukka Local
Government Area of Enugu State; it also identify the entrepreneurship idea
needed to reduce poverty among youths, Finds out ways entrepreneurship
initiative can enhance social and economic status. Find out problems facing
entrepreneurship initiative for poverty reduction among youths. proffer solution to the problem of entrepreneurship idea for
poverty reduction among youths in Nsukka Local Government Area. youths in
Nsukka Local Government Area are the respondents.
Research Question
The following are the research
question to guide this study:
1.
What are the Entrepreneurship Ideas needed to reduce
poverty among youth in Nsukka Local Government Area.?
2.
What are the ways entrepreneurship initiative can enhance
social and economic state.?
3.
What are the problem facing the entrepreneurship
initiative in Nsukka Local Government.?
4.
What are the possible solution to the problem of Entrepreneurship Ideas among youth in Nsukka
Local Government Area.?
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