A 555 TIMER BASED AUTOMATED WHITEBOARD CLEANER USING A PUSH BUTTON.

ABSTRACT

Whiteboards are well-known medium that provide a convenient surface upon which notes, drawings, charts or other hand-written notations may be made. Whiteboards are often used in group discussions. As with traditional chalkboards, whiteboards allow notations to be made in multiple colors. Like the chalkboards, the various hand-written notations made on whiteboards are erasable by the manual manipulation of an eraser and our team attempted to make a prototype of an electrical automated white board eraser, which would be convenient most of the times. This study includes a system that is automatically commanded by simple switch buttons. The evaluation instrument used was adopted from the Technological University of the Philippines standard evaluation instrument, using a 5-point numerical rating for the prototype’s aesthetic value, functionality, workability and general acceptability. The product rating scores followed were: 5.0excellent, 4.0-very good, 3.0-good, 2.0 fair and 1.0-poor and the point scale for each criterion was adjectively interpreted as follows: 4.5 – 5.0 = excellent, 3.5 – 4.4 = very good, 2.5 – 3.4 = good, 1.5 – 2.4 = fair, 0.5 – 1.4 = poor. The findings were accompanied also by the comments and suggestions of the evaluators for further improvement of the developed prototype. With the cited criteria for evaluation of prototypes, the Exercise Gadget and Charging Unit got an over-all mean rating of 4.0 which means, “Very good”. One evaluator cited that it will help a lot the operators of repairs shop, since most of them are applying the laborious manual methods. Highest score was obtained under workability (4.27) and durability and safety (4.23), because the evaluators have observed by themselves the acceptability of the development prototype. This study based on the evaluation and the activities done, has the following conclusion: (1) an Automated White Board Eraser can be made from the available materials in the province, like those that can be recovered from the junk shops. The rest of its parts can be fabricated in the College’s Shop Laboratories, (2) the Automated White Board Eraser was found acceptable to the people who evaluated it, thus given adjectival rating of “very good” and, (3) the prototype is deemed useful in the shop and the college building, which can be used also at home, offices and anywhere needed.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page                                                                                                   i

Dedication                                                                                                  ii

Acknowledgement                                                                  iii

Abstract                                                                                   iv

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the Study                                               1

1.2     Statement of Problem                                                    3

1.3     Aim of the Study                                                            4

1.4     Significance of the Study                                               4

1.5     Scope of the Study                                                         4

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1     Overview of Whiteboard Cleaner                                  7

2.2     Working Process                                                            8

2.3     Brief History of White Board                                        9

2.4     Types of white boards                                                  10

2.5     White Board pen                                                          11

2.6     555 Timer                                                                     12

2.6.1  Uses                                                                              12

2.7     DC motor                                                                      12

2.7.1  Uses                                                                              14

2.8     Battery                                                                          14

2.8.1  Uses                                                                              14

2.9     Operational Framework of the Study                           15

2.10   Advantage                                                                     16

CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHOD

3.1     Types and Description of Materials Used                     17

3.2     Procedure in Making the Parts and Assembling the Prototype  18

3.3     Procedure in Testing and Operating the Prototype                     19

3.4     Procedure in Evaluating the Prototype                                       19

3.5     Block Diagram                                                                            20

3.6     Circuit Diagram                                                                           20

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1     Results                                                                                         21

4.2     Testing                                                                                         22

4.3     Results of the Test                                                                       22

4.4   Discussion                                                                                     23

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1     Summary                                                                                     24

5.2     Conclusion                                                                                  25

5.3     Recommendations                                                                      25

REFERENCE                                                                                      26

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the Study

Automation describes a wide range of technologies that reduce human intervention in processes. Human intervention is reduced by predetermining decision criteria, sub process relationships, and related actions and embodying those predeterminations in machines. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation )

A whiteboard also known by the terms marker board, dry-erase board, dry-wipe board, and pen-board is any glossy, usually white surface for nonpermanent markings. Whiteboards are analogous to chalkboards, allowing rapid marking and erasing of markings on their surface. The popularity of whiteboards increased rapidly in the mid-1990s and they have become a fixture in many offices, meeting rooms, school classrooms, and other work environments Patrick (2015)

The term whiteboard is also used metaphorically to refer to features of computer software applications that simulate whiteboards. Such "virtual whiteboards" allow one or more people to write or draw images on a simulated canvas. This is a common feature of many virtual meeting, collaboration, and instant messaging applications. The term whiteboard is also used to refer to interactive whiteboards. John Lionel Tagle (2016)

There are currently two different accounts of the history of the whiteboard, one from the US and one from the UK and both dating to the late 50s early 60s.The first version has the white board invented by Martin Heit, a photographer and Korean War veteran. The idea was originally developed for having next to a wall phone to take messages down on.

We made this prototype to help on making easier way and less time consuming in erasing whiteboard markers. http://www.ijlret.com/Papers/Vol-2-issue-12/4-B2016445.pdf

The first whiteboards were very expensive and were made of enameled steel. Cheaper alternatives have since made their way into the market, including laminated chipboard, high pressure laminates and steel boards with a white, usually polyester or acrylic, coating. Enameled whiteboards, also referred to as porcelain, or sometimes even glass boards, remain the highest quality boards available though, since the alternatives all have a tendency to leave residue of erased markings on and in the surface and are difficult to keep clean after a short while. Hard baked vitreous enamel is so non-porous that marker ink does not penetrate the surface and these boards remain erasable indefinitely if not scratched. Due to the price difference the cheaper alternatives now have the largest market share in the office products market, but in more demanding environments, such as schools, universities, etc. porcelain boards remain the gold standard. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322357266_Automatic_Whiteboard_Cleaner_Using_Microcontroller_Based_Rack_and_Pinion_Mechanism

Broadly speaking, the invention relates to techniques for automated erasure of non-permanent markings from boards, such as whiteboards. The invention can be implemented in numerous ways, including as a method, system, apparatus, and computer readable medium. As a system for automatic erasure of a board, one embodiment of the invention includes at least: an eraser member for use in erasing non-permanent markings on the board, a support means for supporting the eraser member against the board when erasing at least a portion of the non-permanent markings from the board; and a motor operatively connected to the support means to drive the eraser member across the board while the support means supports the eraser member against the board. Joseph (2017)

The system is designed to save a lot of time and unnecessary effort needed in cleaning boards. It is designed to clean boards in a less than half the time required to clean the blackboard/whiteboard by a human (nevonprojects.com)

1.2     Statement of Problem

 To design and develop a board cleaning system which can overcome the problems related to chalk dust, discomfort for the teacher and wastage of time while erasing the board.

1.3     Aim of the Study

This project is mainly focused on making a prototype that will help on making an easier way and less time consuming in erasing whiteboards markings.

To create an electromechanical system that automates the eraser function for the whiteboard, saving time and effort in class.

1.4     Significance of the study

·        As a method for automatically erasing a board, one embodiment of the invention includes the acts of: receiving a user request to erase non-permanent markings on the board; activating a motor to drive an eraser strip across the board after the user request has been received; determining whether erasure of the board is completed; deactivating the motor to cease driving eraser strip across the board once the determining determines that the erasure of the board is completed  https://www.academia.edu/

·        Useful in education and corporate environments

·        Especially useful to older or disabled users  

1.5     Scope of the Study

This study is only limited on some particular commands on the control system. Implementation of safety covers over mechanical parts is absent. Sourcing of AC power integration for motors is also needed. More easily accessible eraser replacement/rail Maintenance is also considerable.

Design of cheaper rail-running wheels wills also a concern.  For extra harsh board surfaces, implementation of cleaning solution spray nozzle or vibrating eraser through controller implementation of harmonic excitation for future development. The study is limited only on design development, fabrication and assembling and evaluation of the finished product or prototype by selected evaluators.

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