This project focuses on the development and
implementation of a web-based application for the sales of agricultural
products at M. Tech Agro, Dutse, Jigawa State. The objective was to create a
user-friendly and efficient platform to facilitate the browsing, ordering, and
payment of agricultural products, thereby streamlining the business operations
and enhancing customer experience. The system was designed to support both the
sales process and inventory management. The methodology involved system
design, coding, testing, and implementation phases. A thorough testing process
was conducted, which included unit testing, integration testing, system
testing, and user acceptance testing (UAT) to ensure the application’s
functionality and reliability. The development was guided by the use of modern
web technologies, including the Laravel framework, MySQL for the database, and
responsive front-end frameworks to ensure a seamless user interface across
different devices. The results showed that the application successfully met
the functional requirements of the client, providing an efficient, secure, and
easy-to-use platform for both the business and its customers. User testing
indicated high satisfaction with the platform’s usability and features.
Furthermore, the application improved operational efficiency by automating
several key tasks, such as order processing and product inventory management.
Discussions highlighted the importance of thorough system testing and
documentation, which ensured the application’s functionality and ease of use.
The project also emphasized the need for continuous system maintenance and
updates, particularly in terms of scalability and security. Recommendations
for future improvements include developing a mobile app version, enhancing
system performance with analytics, and integrating multi-language support to
reach a broader customer base.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Declaration Iii
Certification Iv
Approval V
Dedication Vi
Acknowledgement Vii
Abstract Viii
Table Of
Contents Ix
List Of Tables Xi
List Of
Abbreviations Xii
List Of
Appendices Xiii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Statement of the
Problem 2
1.2 Aim and Objectives of
the Study 2
1.3 Scope and Limitation of
the Study 2
1.4 Definition of Key Terms 3
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction 4
2.1 Overview of Agricultural
Sales Systems 4
2.2 Web-Based
Applications in Agriculture 4
2.3 E-commerce Platforms
for Agricultural Products 4
2.4 Success Stories of
Web-Based Sales in Agriculture 5
2.5 Gaps in Existing
Research 5
2.6
Theoretical Framework 5
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction 7
3.1 Analysis of The Exiting
System 7
3.1.1
User Interface 7
3.2 Tools and Platforms 7
3.3 System Specifications 8
3.5 System Requirements 9
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM
IMPLEMENTATION
4.0 Introduction 10
4.1 System Testing 10
4.2 Documentation 13
4.3 Chapter Summary 17
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary 18
5.2 Conclusion 18
5.3 Recommendations 19
References 20
Appendix
A – Source Code
22
Appendix B – Snapshot
28
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1 Examples of test cases
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
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TAM
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Technology Acceptance Model
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UTAUT
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Unified
Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology
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DOI
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Diffusion
of Innovations
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A Source
Code 20
Appendix B Snapshots 28
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Introduction
Agriculture remains a critical sector of many
economies, especially in developing countries where a significant percentage of
the population relies on it for their livelihood. According to the Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO), agriculture accounts for approximately 25% of
the GDP in developing nations (FAO, 2020). However, traditional methods of
selling agricultural products often involve intermediaries, leading to reduced
profits for farmers.
The advent of the internet and web-based
technologies offers a potential solution. E-commerce platforms have transformed
various industries by eliminating intermediaries and connecting producers
directly to consumers (Zhang et al., 2019). In the agricultural sector,
web-based applications have the potential to streamline sales, provide better
market access, and reduce the complexities of logistics. This study focuses on
developing a web-based platform that facilitates the direct sale of
agricultural products, thereby enhancing farmer income and improving consumer
access to fresh produce.
The agricultural sector is a cornerstone of
many economies, providing food, raw materials, and employment. However, farmers
and agricultural producers often face significant challenges in marketing their
products effectively. Traditional sales channels can be limited, inefficient,
and slow to adapt to consumer demands. In recent years, the advent of
technology has introduced new avenues for agricultural marketing, particularly
through web-based applications that facilitate the sale of agricultural
products.
Web-based platforms provide farmers with the
opportunity to connect directly with consumers, retailers, and distributors,
thereby reducing reliance on intermediaries. This direct engagement not only
enhances market access but also enables farmers to establish stronger
relationships with their customers. By utilizing these digital tools,
agricultural producers can showcase their products, share information about
their practices, and respond to consumer inquiries in real time. Studies
suggest that these online strategies can significantly boost sales and
profitability for farmers, particularly those in local markets (Kumar et al.,
2019).
1.1 Statement of the Problem
Farmers face several challenges in selling
their products, including limited access to markets, exploitation by
intermediaries, and fluctuating prices (Rahman & Abdul, 2021). Traditional
marketing methods, such as selling at local markets, are often inefficient, and
the presence of middlemen significantly reduces the farmers’ share of the final
sale price. Moreover, consumers sometimes struggle to find fresh produce at
affordable prices.
This study seeks to address these challenges by
developing a web-based application that bridges the gap between farmers and
consumers. By providing a platform for farmers to sell directly to consumers,
the application aims to eliminate the middlemen and ensure fairer prices for
both parties.
1.2 Aim and Objectives of the Study
1.3.1 Aim
The aim of this study is to design and
implement a web-based application for the direct sale of agricultural products.
1.3.2 Objectives
- To analyze the
challenges faced by farmers in traditional sales channels.
- To design a user-friendly interface that
allows farmers to easily list their products.
- To implement a secure payment system for
transactions between farmers and consumers.
- To test the system's effectiveness in
improving sales and access to agricultural products.
1.3 Scope and Limitation of the Study
The scope of this study is limited to the
design and development of a web-based application for the sale of agricultural
products within a specific region. The system will focus on providing a direct
link between farmers and consumers. However, the platform's functionality may
not address all challenges in agricultural supply chains, such as logistics and
cold storage. Future work could include incorporating features for handling
logistics and expanding the system to other regions.
1.4 Definition of Key Terms
- Web-based Application: Software that runs on
a web server and can be accessed through a web browser. In this study, it
refers to the platform developed for selling agricultural products online
(W3C, 2019).
- E-commerce: The buying and selling
of goods or services using the internet (Laudon & Traver, 2020).
- Agricultural Products: Goods produced through
farming, including crops, fruits, vegetables, and livestock products
(USDA, 2021).
- Supply Chain: The network of
individuals, organizations, resources, and activities involved in
producing and delivering a product to the final consumer (Christopher,
2016).
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