TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of contents vi
Lists of Tables vii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the
study 1
1.2 Statement of the
problem 5
1.3 Objectives of the
study 6
1.4 Research Question 6
1.5 Significance of the
study 7
1.6 Scope of the study 8
1.7 Operational Definition
of Terms 8
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Theoretical Framework 10
2.2 Conceptual Framework 12
2.3 Research Study Review 20
CHAPTER THREE
Research Methodology
3.1Research Method 22
3.2 Population of the Study 22
3.3 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques 23
3.4 Instrumentations 23
3.5 Validity and Reliability of the Instrument 23
3.6 Method of Administration of the Instrument 24
3.7 Method of Data Analysis 24
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Analysis Of field Performance 25
4.2 Analysis of the Demographic Segment 25
4.3 Analysis of Data on the Research Question 28
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary 37
5.2 Limitations to the Study 38
5.3 Conclusion 39
5.4 Recommendations 40
References 42
LIST OF TABLES AND ILLUSTRATION
Pages
4.2.1. Distribution of the Respondents by Age 25
4.2.2 Distribution of the respondents by Sex 26
4.2.3 Distribution by Marital Status 27
4.2.4 Distribution by Academic Qualifications 27
4.3.1 Do you like cartoon in Newspaper 28
4.3.2 Does cartoon play any role in the 29
communicative life of its audience?
4.3.3 How functional will you rate cartoon as 30
a means of communication?
4.3.4 Does cartoon messages change one’s 31
view towards an event
4.3.5 Does the message channel its audience 31
attention to the desired motive
4.3.6 Do you prefer cartoon illustrations 32
as easy understandable to written words
4.3.7 Do you prefer cartoon to written words 33
because of its entertainment value
4.3.8 Do you prefer cartoon to written words 34
because it’s more actionable and requires
few words description.
4.3.9 Is cartoon generally accepted as a 35
means of communication in newspaper
journalism.
4.3.10 how extensive is cartoon illustration being 36
used in newspaper journalism.
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Essential,
communication is the root of world creation. It is the basic of human existence
living and interrelating. It is also the socio cultural system of the people of
the world. According to Mac Bride (1981 pg 3) says “Communication maintains and
animates life, it is the motor and expression of social activity and civilization.
It creates a common pool of ideas, strengthens the felling of togetherness
through exchange of messages and translates, reflecting every emotion, and need
from the humblest task of human survival to manifestation of creativity or
destruction”.
Communication
cements our social interaction with other people. It is a living mechanism
which links together any organism but when there is a breakdown in
communication, the organisms also breaks.
The
need for communication is at least tantamount to the need for information. By
getting people informed of the happenings in other part of the country and the
globe, newspaper helps to broaden the people’s horizon and in this corollary
serve as a force of cohesion or as an internet for binding together the
different human communities.
It
is therefore, not debatable, to say or to conclude that it is this dynamic
attempt to inform the people and broaden their horizon through newspaper; which
has over the years brought about the use of cartoons, pictures and other
illustrations to supplement and complement the printed or written words.
Thus,
it has been observed that not only written words serve as a means of conveying
information to the general public. Some other means have been closely observed,
these have brought about the inception of “Cartooning as a means of communication
or especially in newspaper journalism.
With
these observations, it has made us to carryout research on the “Importance of
cartooning in newspaper journalism”.
Cartoon, according to
chambers twentieth century dictionary, is “a comic or satirical drawing
commenting on current events or politics”. Viewed from what it does rather than
what it is, cartooning may be summed up as “graphic”.
Cartooning reflects
social attitude and provide a vehicle through which people can voice feeling
for which there is no socially acceptable or easy accessible outlet.
It provides a vehicle
for expressing man different kinds of attitudes. It dramatically cuts through
defenses, conveys, collective surreptitious approval or disapproval tackles
taboo subjects and expresses ideas very simple and compelling. The purpose of
cartooning is not totally different from Harold Lasswell’s functions of the
press summed up this surveillance, correlation and transmission of cultural
heritage.
Cartoonings, for
example are basically meant to bring about social changes, most times combine
other functions such as education information and entertainment.
In summation, cartoon
is a good sample of an illustration in newspaper and as an illustration, it
gives aesthetics to newspaper pages.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Over the years,
cartooning has been serving as a means of communication. Once inner most
feelings on a particular issue is expressed through cartoon illustrations, but
in the main time, it has been observed that cantoon treatment has been
relatively poor as it is regarded as thing for the children because it contains
much of drawing, sketches and gesture illustrations.
Hence,
this study is set to fact find through research reason (s) behind this notion
and therefore, suggesting a tentative solution to the problem.
1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this
study is to access the importance of cartooning in newspaper journalism as a
journalistic tool used for communication and how affective cartoon messages are
to its audiences.
1.4 RESAERCH QUESTIONS AND HYPHOTHESIS
The
importance of cartooning in newspaper journalism research questions are as
follows.
-
What impact does cartoon play in newspaper?
-
Are cartoon messages properly understood
by it audiences?
-
Why do some people prefer cartoon
illustration to written words?
-
To what extent has cartoon been
accepted?
In this study, those
above questions will be answered through research in other to ascertain the
time importance of cartooning to newspaper media outlet and the role it plays
as a communication tool.
1.5 SIGINIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this research is to assess the importance of
cartooning in newspaper journalism. The benefit of this study is of great
importance to both the print media and the reading public. This will help to
encourage none introduction of canton illustrations in their daily publication
therefore will serve as an avenue for discussing matters of national interest.
Hence, will also help
to broaden the Readers knowledge on the importance of cartoon.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study focuses its attention on the importance of cartooning
in newspaper journalism on Kwara state college of Education, Ilorin.
In this study,
questionnaire method is adopted as instrument to be used in collection of data.
100 respondents are selected to be the total number of population to be
studied.
The research is carried
out between February and July 2013, making a total of 6 months.
1.7 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
In
this research study, these are the key terminologies used that is, the key
words.
Journalism:
This term refers to an act in mass communication that deals mainly with
gathering, reporting and dissemination of information’s that is news worthy.
Cartoon:
This
means drawing, sketching or making gesture illustrations of a thing in a funny
way that is either entertaining or enlightening.
Newspaper:
This
is a set of large printed sheet of paper containing news articles,
advertisement etc. published on a daily base.
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