TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Aim and objectives of the
study
1.4 Significance of the study
1.5 Research questions
1.6 Scope of the study
1.7 Limitation of the study
1.8 Study plan
1.9 Definitions of key terms
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Definition of Leadership and
Leadership Style
2.2 Leadership Theories
2.2.1 Great Man/Traits Approach to
Leadership
2.2.2 Behavioural Approach to
Leadership
2.2.3 situational Approach to
Leadership
2.2.4 Fielders Contingency Approach to
Leadership
2.3 Leadership Styles and
Behaviour
2.3.1 Leadership Styles Based on the
use of Authority
2.3.2 Likert’s Four System
2.3.3 Managerial Grid
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Historical Background of PHCN
PLC
3.2 Research Hypothesis
3.3 Methods of Data Collection
3.4 Population and Sample Size
3.5 Sampling Techniques
3.6 Methods of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS
4.1 Demographic Characteristics
Analysis
4.2 Leadership Styles Analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
References
Questionnaire
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
The
performance of any enterprise or the life spans of an organization, whether
large or small is directly proportional to the finality of its leadership. In
the light of fact, an organization or community will only succeed, towards the
achievement of a group goal, only if the reign of a leader exists. Thus; a
leader is someone who has the ability to inspire, motivate and use power
effectively and in a responsible manner towards the achievement of a goal
considering this, leadership can simply be define as the act or process of
influencing people, so that they will strive willingly and enthusiastically
towards the achievement of a group goals.
Yusuf (2001) argues that
the ability of any organization to achieve its desire goals and objectives
depends on the nature of its leadership. However empirical evidence has tends
to show that leadership plays very significant roles in effective and
efficiency of any organization. Ogunsan 91985) and Ochia (1987) admitted in
their study that leadership skill were very effective in enhancing performance.
Hence, leadership has a significant managerial factors and ingredients in the
success of any organization.
Ingredient of Leadership
A. The
ability to use power effectively and in a responsible manner.
B. The
ability to inspire
C. The
ability to comprehend that human being has different motivational forces at
different time and in different situation.
D. The
ability to act in a manner that will develop a climate conducive to responding
to and arousing motivation.
Thus, the move a leader
understand what motivate their subordinate and how these motivation operate the
better the actualization of a group goal, David Mann (1985) sees styles of
leadership as some of the basic requirement for achieving good management,
administration and good leadership. Leadership styles may be defined as a
designing pattern of behaviour used in integrating both the organization and
personal interest in achieving the organization aim and objectives.
Furthermore, these styles of leadership are many but three are commonly in used
in most establishment; free vein leadership style, autocratic leadership style
and democratic leadership style. It is generally believed that good leadership
style will increase organizational performance, lower unit cost, high morale
sustain and improve management- labour relationship (Nwachukwu 1988).
1.2 Statement to the Study
Over
the year, scholar have extensively research on the effective leadership styles
in an organization. Prominent among then are Stodgill, Fieldler Likert, Blade
and Monton, Tennenbaum and so forth.
Leadership
have been seen involving a variety of styles, ranging from one that is highly
boos-centered to that is highly subordinate with suggestion that no one style
is always right and another is not always wrong in the context of business and
services industries to achieve goals. More so, for manager or leader at
appropriate leadership styles in an establishment, some situational factors
need to be considered. These include position power, task structure and leader
member relations.
1.3 Aim
and Objectives of the Study\
The aim of this research
is to examine critically the impact of leadership style on organizational
performance.
The objectives of this
study are as follows:
1. To explain what is meant by
leadership style
2. To describe various types
of leadership style
3. To
examine how leadership styles can improve organizational performance and create
good leader member relations.
4. To
make recommendations as to how leadership style can exercise positive impact on
organizational performance.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The importance of the
research study is:
1. It
helps to identify leadership style to be put forth by the manager in the
organization, to ensure high moral and high performance among the staff of PHCN
Plc Ilorin.
2. The
study identifies the advantages and disadvantages associated with different
leadership styles under particular condition.
3. Finally,
it point out how motivational forces affects the performance of staff.
1.5 Research Questions
It is unlikely that a
leadership style that worked yesterday would be successful in today’s administration.
Considering this 3 major questions’ what, where & how are being asked.
1.
What is the current situation of the
organization? What leadership style is in use? What changes are expected by
adopting a new leadership style?
2.
Where are we taking the organization?
How much growth do we need? What is the targeted goal? What are the social
objectives of the organization?
3.
How can we get there from here? This is
the important part of question, as it proffer the leadership style to be
adopted which in turn give solution to the above other question asked.
4.
Task structure – how does a task
structure affect the subordinate performance?
5.
What
are the impact of highly based – centered and their subordinate?
6.
The effect of the degree of freedom
granted to subordinate by their leader.
The
following research questions are set out purpose of this study.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This
research examines the impact of leadership style on organizational performance
of power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) formally NEPA, Ilorin between the
period of 1999 to 2007 with strict emphasis on administration, marking and
distribution section of the organization, as they are the major focus on the
achievement of the organization goals.
1.7
Limitation of the Study
There
are certain limitations encountered in the course of carrying out this research
they include.
1. Lukewarm
attitude of the officials of PHCN in responding to the questionnaire.
2. Fears
of espionage as all vital information are classified as “TOP SECRET” because of
government protocol.
3. Improper
filling of questionnaire by the respondents
4. Long
delays in getting back the filled questionnaire from the respondent as a result
of busy schedule at work.
It
should be noted, however that the limitations outlined above does not in anyway
in validate this research as sufficient
data was obtained through insider friend and good human relation, therefore the
research is still valid.
1.7 Study Plan
This
research project is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is the introduction,
which consists of the background, research problems, aim and objectives,
significance, research questions, scope, limitations, study plan and definition
of terms.
Chapter
two is the literature review, which comprised of definitions of leadership and
leadership styles, leadership theories and leadership styles and behaviours.
1.8 Key Terms
1. Autocratic:
A leader who has complete power and expecting complete obedience.
2. Amalgamation: To combine or join together
3. Benevolent:
Doing good or being kindliness
4. Boss:
A manager or leader in Chief
5. Consultative:
A state of meeting with someone to exchange idea and opinions (Discussion)
6. Decentralized: The process of moving power/decision making
away from a single large group to other small local group.
7. Democratic:
Ruling or leading people through decision by
their
group or people.
8. Dogmatic:
Act of being stubborn and forcing opinion on others.
9. Enterprise: A business
10. Exploitative:
To make use of something selfishly.
11. Goal:
Anything aimed a t or wished for
12. Impoverished:
To make something poor or lesion in quality
13. Leader:
One who shows way on direct or guide or persuade
14. Leadership:
Ability to lead
15. Manager:
Someone in charge of a business
16. Motivation:
To cause someone to act in a certain way
17. Non
Coercive: To cause someone to act in a certain way
18. Organization:
A group of people working together for a purpose.
19. Participative:
To have a share or take part.
20. Style:
Manner of acting
21. Subordinate:
Someone lowers in rank
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