ABSTRACT

The study on Algal species and some physicochemical parameters in river Hadejia, Jigawa state was conducted. The samples ware collected at three different locations, Aguyaka, Guduncin and Under the Bridge. Physicochemical Analsis 0f the parameters showed that there was an increases in which parameters,  Ph, temperature, turbidity  increases. It was also found that green algal species ware more prevalent in Aguyaka, and red algal species in Guduncin.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE OF PAGE

CERTIFICATION         -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -i

APPROVAL PAGE       -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -ii

DEDICATION     -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT       -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -iv

DECLARATION -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -v

TABLE OF CONTENTS        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -vi

ABSTRACT        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -viii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION             -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -1

1.1 AIM OF THE STUDY      -        -        --       -        -        -        -        -2

1.2 OBJECTIVES         -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -2

1.3 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY        -        -        -        -        -        -        -2

1.4 SCOPE AND DE LIMITATION     -    -        -        -        -        -        -2

1.5 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM    -        -        -        -        -        -2

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 LITRATURE RIVIEW      -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -3

2.1 PROPERTIES OF WATER        -        -        -        -        -        -        -3

2.2 USES OF WATER  -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -3

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 MATERIALS AND METHOD   -        -        -        -        -        -        -16

3.1 MATERIALS -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -16

3.2 METHOD      -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -16

3.3 DETERMINATION OF TURBIDITY -        -        -        -        -        -17

3.4DETERMINATION OF ALGAL SPECIES    -        -        -        -        -17

3.5 SAMPLE COLLECTION  -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -17

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 RESULT AND DISCUSION      -        -        -        -        -        -        -18

4.1 RESULT        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -18

4.2 DISCUSION -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -21

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION    -        -23

5.1 SUMMERY   -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -23

5.2 CONCLUTION       -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -23

5.3 RECOMMENDATION     -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -23

REFERENCE      -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Water is one of the most vital natural resources known on earth (Ojo et al., 2005). Water of good quality is important to human physiology and man's continued existence depends very much on it availability (Lamikanrat, 1999). Before water can be described as potable; it has to comply with certain physical chemical and microbiological standards; which are designed to ensure that the water is potable and safe for drinking. Potable water is defined as water that is free from contaminants such as disease causing micro-organisms and harmful chemical substance (Ihekoronye and Ngoddy,1985). The importance of potable water supply in the socio-economic life of the public cannot be over emphasized. Often; source and portability of water supply reflects on the health conditions of communities. Water meant or consumption should be free from pollution; acceptable and safe. Indeed the quality of the water source should not exceed the maximum limit specified in the water quality guideline (Obi et al., 2004). Pollution of a river first affects it's chemical quality and then systematically destroys the community disrupting the delicate food  web diverse uses of the rivers are seriously impaired due to pollution and even the polluters like industry suffer due to increased pollution of the rivers. River pollution has several dimensions and effective monitoring and control of river pollution required the expertise from various disciplines. pollution of river is a global  problem. In India it is reported that about 70% of the available water is polluted. The chief source of pollution is identified as sewage constituting 84 to 92 percent of the waste water industrial waste water comprised 8 to 16 percent.

 

1.1 AIM OF THE STUDY

To study the algal species and some physicochemical parameters in river Hadejia Jigawa state Nigeria.

1.2 OBJECTIVES

-To determine the ph of the water .

-To determine the turbidity of the water .

-To measure the temperature of the water

1.3 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY

The presence of the algal species and other contaminants in the water necessitate to check physicochemical quality of the water.

1.4 SCOPE AND DE LIMITATION

The research is limited In Hadejia river at 3 location which is

- Under the Bridge

 Aguyaka

Gudincin

1.5 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 

Though many of water samples have algal species, the increasing instances of water borne diseases in our society necessitate the need to determine physicochemical parameters responsible for the purity of water.