ABSTRACT
The
researcher in this research work focused on the attitude of secondary school
student toward Journalism as career. It is believed that a large number of
secondary school students wants to choose Journalism as a career in our country
but only a few go into the field to practice their Journalism profession. This
is why the research dimmed it fit to research into the image of secondary
school students in their career choice. Research hypotheses are formulated to
guide the researcher in her study. Relevant related literatures are reviewed to
show that similar research work has been carried out and a theoretical framework
has been discussed to support the study. Survey method was adopted and this
made it possible for the researcher to select an appropriate sample size of 224.
Millbank Hall Secondary School, Lagos was selected as a case study. Using
appropriate tools like questionnaires and personal interviews, the researcher
was able to study population and adopted a simple percentage and frequency
table with simple descriptive analysis to explain the table. Hypothesis which
are formed from the research questions and tested to enable the researcher know
if certain claims made on this work received statistical support or not.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
page
Approval
page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table
of content
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement
of problem
1.3 Objective
of the study
1.4 Research
Hypotheses
1.5 Significance
of the study
1.6 Scope
and limitation of the study
1.7 Definition of terms
1.8 Organization of the study
CHAPTER
TWO
2.0
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER
THREE
3.0 Research methodology
3.1
Sources of data collection
3.3 Population
of the study
3.4 Sampling
and sampling distribution
3.5 Validation
of research instrument
3.6 Method
of data analysis
CHAPTER
FOUR
DATA
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Introductions
4.2 Data analysis
CHAPTER
FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Journalism the work of collection, preparation and
distribution of related commentary and feature materials through such media as
pamphlets, news – letter, magazines, radio, motion pictures, television, the
internet and books. The earliest known journalists product was a news sheet in
ancient Rome called the ACTA DIURNA published daily from 59BC, it was hung in
prominent places and recorded important social and political events. Journalism
in the 2oth was marketed by a growing sense of professionalism. In our society
today it has been observed that female mass communication students have
negative attitude towards taking journalism as a career. This negative attitude
is highly reflected in the number of mass media houses. Almost all institution of
higher learning in Nigeria offer mass communication courses leading to the
award of various degrees and certificates, including National Diploma, Higher
National Diploma, Bachelor and masters degrees. The increase in the number of
female graduates from all these institution are not reflected in the media of
communication in the country. Each year, hundreds of female students graduates
as mass communications. A close look show that the number of female journalist
students surpassed the number of males. But in the field today, a good number
of those female graduates are not seen working in the various media houses
scattered over the country.
Reference to the convocation booklets from these schools
revealed that a good number of female mass communication students graduated
from these schools. In the year 1997, about 150 female journalist graduated
from federal polytechnic oko. The Ogun state polytechnic in the year turned out
about 86 female journalist students, institute of management and technology
(IMT) Enugu had about 140 female graduates. Bida polytechnic had about 26
female graduates from the department of mass communication.
In July 1996, the Ogun state polytechnic turned out 146
female student journalists in both OND and HND levels, the institute of management
and technology (IMT) Enugu turned out about 120 female student graduates in
both ND and HND levels ( 1996 convocation list/booklets).
Similarly with other mass communication schools in the
country for instance, in 1995, the convocation booklets of the University of
Nigerian Nsukka, revealed that 45 female students graduated from the department
of mass communication. In the year 2008, Nnamdi Azikiwe University (NAU) Awka
turned out about 58 female graduates from the department of mass communication.
Between the year 2008 and 2009, caritas university Enugu graduated over 50
female journalists.
Presently, in my class in the department of mass
communication the number of female students surpassed the number of female
students in the mass communication with a great difference.
In recent years, media houses in the western countries
lack trained female journalist in the various communication activities.
Invariably it has been the same in Nigerian and this could be seen in most
cases of the media houses in Nigerian. There has been an imbalance in the
number of female, female and trained journalists working with them.
Those who are worried about this situation said that there
were more women than men seeking jobs in the media houses and they all have the
same ability and background, more men get the jobs. ( women in communication pg
8) she noted that women could only be awarded a job if they are hard working
and qualified they must be awarded or offered a job in the journalism
profession. Since the general public
cannot be in all places at the same time, journalists through the media bring
the world closest by reporting politics, sport, disasters even in far away
China, UK, US, Russia e. t. c within some seconds. Isamuko, B. (2010)
Journalist is the nose, eye, mouth, ear of the public who
help the public to see what is happening, to find-out where it is happening, to
help public to ask question on what they want to know from the people involved
and to feed them as quickly as possible. Isamuko, B. (2010)
Imagine a life without information, without news, without
mass media and journalists. Journalism is the collection, preparation and
distribution of news and related commentary and feature materials through such
media as pamphlets, newsletter, magazines, radio, motion pictures, television,
the internet and books.
Journalism is one saddled with the responsibility of
finding facts, writing news, editing news and other editorial materials that
are worthy of public interest for presentation. Journalist work in a radio,
television, newspaper, magazine, online news blog/ website e. t. c.
The earliest known journalist product was a newssheet in
ancient Rome called the ACTA DIURNA published daily from 59 BC, it was hung in
prominent places and recorded important social and political events.
Journalism in the 20th century was marked by a growing
sense of professionalism. In our society today it has been observed that there
is gender disparity in all quarters, mass media is not an exception yet women
journalists have contributed significantly to the development and success of
journalism locally and internationally especially in the broadcast media where
they serve as newscasters, presenters and reporters.
The research will examine the attitude of secondary school
students towards Journalism as a career using students of Millbank Hall
Secondary School as a case study.
1.2 BRIEF
OVERVIEW OF MILLBANK HALL
Millbank Hall Secondary School, is located at LASU-Isheri
Road, Agboroko Bus stop, Iba - Ojo Local Government Area, Lagos Millbank Hall
is a subsidiary of Kristobell Junior Academy. It is a non-denominational
qualitative and functional day school for boys and girls whose parents want to
have the best up bringing for their wards. The School was established on the
September 18, 2000.
Millbank Hall occupies a total of one acre of land with
beautiful landscape. The aim of the school is to provide a secured setting in
which the imagination of students can be kindled, industry rewarded and academic
potential fulfilled. It also seek to instil the spirit of service and to
develop self motivation and self discipline as the basis for leadership at all
levels.
Millbank Hall understands that an absolute commitment to
continuous improvement, offering an academic challenging education within a
conducive and motivating environment will help develop an independent,
life-long learners and successful international citizens.
1.3 STATEMENT OF
THE PROBLEM
Basically, the study aims at finding out the attitude of
secondary school students towards journalism as a career with the view to know
the perception and opinions of students especially those in Art department
about the course they have in mind to pursue and the reason.
1.4 PURPOSE OF
STUDY
1.
To determine the attitude of students towards
choosing Journalism as a career.
2.
To determine the factors that influence
student’s attitude towards Journalism.
3.
To determine extent to which the factors
stated influences students attitude towards Journalism.
4.
To determine Which factor hinders students
from choosing Journalism as a career.
1.5 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
What is the attitude of students towards choosing
Journalism as a career?
Which factors influence student’s attitude towards
Journalism?
To what extent do the factors stated influence students
attitude towards Journalism?
Which factor hinder students from choosing Journalism as a
career?
1.6 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESES
H0: Students of Secondary School exhibit Positive Attitude
Towards Journalism.
Ha: Students of Secondary School exhibit Negative Attitude
Towards Journalism.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF
THE STUDY
It is hoped that this research work will help education
planner to determine the number of upcoming students into journalism.
It will also project to professional journalists how they
are judged by the audience.
Parents will also benefit from the work by guiding and
educating their children on their careers and expose them to some things that
will help molding their careers.
It will also form part of the academic work that future
researchers can rely on a as reference material.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This project has been designed and based on attitudes of
senior secondary school students to journalism as a career.
The scope of this project concentrate on senior secondary
students of case study to authenticate the attitudes of students to journalism
as career. Giving brief history about the case study and various definition of
journalism.
It also converse the literature review in which
information from different authors basically on the project are gathered from
journal from textbooks, journals, handout e.t.c. Relevant information from the
case study will also be covered. Majority those activities being carried out in
Baptist High School concerning their attitude to journalism as a career.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Uneasy lies the heads that wears the grown so they say.
The research on this project is not an expectation because it has been
subjected to series of setback and limitations.
There are many limitations ranging form not knowing where
to start, not knowing who to consult or approach for materials not knowing what
next to write in various segment of this study and not actually knowing who to
put me through in achieving my work and others are:
1. Stress from other academic activities is one of the
limitations to the research work
2. Financial constraint to travel to different places.
3. Duration for the research work is relatively short
3. Materials that are available on this topic is
relatively small as the concept is new or people are not written from that
angle.
Other major limitation is difficulties to collect some
information and to confirmation some data from the case study there believed
that as part of their protocol information should not be disclosed anyhow
especially to outsiders.
1.9 DEFINITION OF
THE TERM
Attitude– This is the thinking or feeling which female
mass communication students exhibits towards the practice of journalism.
Journalism: This is the professional job expected of
every graduate of mass communication to practice which is the work of
collecting writing and publishing of news stories, articles in Newspapers and
magazines or broadcasting them on Radio and Television to inform the general
public on things happening in the world
Career: This is a particular job or the type of Job
one do in other to earn a living. Such as journalism for graduates of mass
communication
1.10 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy
understanding, as follows
Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which
consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of
problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the
study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical
background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on
which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three
deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four
concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of
finding. Chapter five gives summary,
conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.
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