A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPIAGN SPEECHES IN ENGLISH OF PRESIDENT GOODLUCK EBELE JONATHAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background to the Study

1.2     Statement of the Study

1.3     Objective of the Study

1.4     Research Questions 

1.5     Scope and Delimitation of Study

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.1     The subject of stylistics

2.1.1 Style and Stylistic Variation

2.1.2 Style of Choice

2.1.3 Style as Deviation

2.1.4 Style as Register

2.2     Theoretical Framework

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     DATA ANALYSIS

3.1     Introduction

3.2     Stylistic Analysis of the Presidential Campaign Speech of Goodluck Ebele Jonathan

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     Summary Finding and Conclusion

4.1     Summary

4.2     Finding and Conclusion

REFERENCES

APPENDIX

Copies of President Goodluck Jonathan Campaign Speeches

CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL INTRODUTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Language is a systematic means of communicating ideas or feelings by the use of conventionalized signs, gestures, or marks having understood meanings. Language is a system of communication consisting of sound, words and grammar, or the system of communication used by the people of a particular country or profession. The word their pronunciation and the method of combining them used and understood by a community is called language. The audible, articulate, meaningful sound as produced by the action of vocal organs. Language, the principal and the richest means used by human beings. Language functions primarily as spoken means of communication. It can however, also be transferred to other media most clearly as in the case of writing, a relatively recent innovation (late 4^th millennium B.C)

Languages of the kind use by human are species specific. No other species, including non human language has surprised linguists; the highest level of linguistic ability achieved is roughly comparable to that of two years old child. All human communities possess language; language is thus perhaps the single most significant property that distinguishes human from other animals.

According to Katie Wales in A Dictionary of Stylistics, 2nd ed. (Pearson, 2001), "The goal of most stylistics is not simply to describe the formal features of texts for their own sake, but in order to show their functional significance for the interpretation of the text; or in order to relate literary effects to linguistic 'causes' where these are felt to be relevant."

According to Cambridge Encyclopedia of language the use of stylistic as bases of speech and text analysis will require the use of traditional level linguistic description. Such as the stand form, structure and meaning. It then follows the consistence appearance of certain structure item; the element of the speech utterances is one of the major concerns in the stylistic analysis.

Stylistics, traditionally known as the study of literary texts using formal linguistic tools, can also be done via sophisticated computer-bases. Stylistics defined by leech and Shard (1981) is “the linguistic study of style, is rarely undertaken for its own sake, simple as an exercise in describing what is mode of language”. Another definition of stylistics is by H.G Wideclowson (1991) who defines stylistics as “the study of literary discourse from a linguistics orientation.”

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The study focuses on the findings of stylistic features of stylistic element namely alliteration, metaphor, metonymy, rhetorical questions, repetitions, and personification in the campaign speeches and the frequencies of occurrence of the stylistic effect in these speeches, because deploy arguments is not only a matter of logic but also of the objective of the persuasion, Aristotle divides rhetoric into three genres or areas of activity relation to the type of audience: deliberative (political), forensic (judicial), and epideictic (concern with praise or blame). The concept of genre in the sense of culturally specific type of discourse, like these speeches or, a newspaper article is highly relevant to style. This is because the speaker and writers tend to adapt their language, that is, their style, in a particular type of discourse to the conventions impose on it by its social rule and setting. This however, is a reciprocal process, because listeners or readers normally are also tuned into these socialized stylistics conversations.

The overall structure gives insight into the basic idea, aim, how the politician engages the receiver, unfold the argument and conclude his point in a memorable way.

Therefore always account for overall structure (e.g. giving each main section a relevant heading) example of main structure of a speech, the opening (how does the speaker connect to the audience the points (dividing the main speech body into section) conclusion (how does the speaker make ending memorable?), formality level; high formality level diction, complex syntax colloquial language spoken language slang, word classes with which effect.

The research is expected to be a valuable contribution to the teaching and learning of English stylistics in general and of stylistic devices in politicians’ speeches in particular. Moreover, it will not only help them get special style but also provide them with some necessary strategy and techniques in the creative design of in the use of words in writing speeches.

1.3     OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The principal aim of this study is to examine the stylistic e on the selected presidential campaign speeches of President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan in Nigeria through the description and analysis of these speeches.

In the same vein, this research will examine the difference in the use of language of the selected speech with the use of stylistic tools in analyzing the selected speeches. It will identify the hav devices linguistic and literally and discuss how they have contributed to the beauty of the language use in the selected speeches.

1.4     RESEARCH QUESTION

 The study tries to seek the information for the following questions: 

1.    What subject of stylistics is contained in the Presidential campaign speeches?  

2.    What are features of stylistic analysis in the Presidential campaign speeches of President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan?  

3.    Which stylistic devices are most frequently and distinctively used in the Presidential campaign speech of President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan? 

1.5     SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The research titled ‘stylistic analysis of the presidential campaign speech of President Goodluck Jonathan’ is aimed at studying the use of language in the selected campaign speech of president good luck Jonathan. The areas to be covered in the stylistic analysis of this speech are phonology, morphology, cohesion, and graphology and lexico- syntactic structures.

The nature of this research is empirical which has to do with general and extensive study of a particular field or area. On the contrary, this research is unique –that is, different from other previous works because it focuses mainly on the stylistics analysis of presidential campaign speech of president good luck Jonathan and not just on stylistics analysis and this will makes readers of this work not   to only look at the text of any speech what so ever, but also the context in which lies the style of language.

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