ABSTRACT
This project was aimed to determine of construction of seesaw in Dutse capital of Jigawa state. This project has five chapters. The first chapter discuss the background of the study, statement of the problem, significance of the study, objective of the study, research question, scope of the study, significant of the study. The second chapter comprise of literature of the subject matter and it also highlights conceptual framework, theoretical framework, why is play important, types of play according to Mildred (1932) .Play equipment, concept of seesaw, types of seesaw, importance of seesaw according to Piaget (1983), importance of seesaw, problems of seesaw, solution to problems of seesaw, review of empirical studies and the summary. The third chapter deals with the research methodology, it contained the research design, population of the study, sample and sampling technique, data collection instruments, procedure for data collection, interview, statistics used for data analysis, and procedure for data analysis. The four chapter is the main point of the research, it deal with the data analysis and interpretation, The chapter five deals with the summary, conclusion and recommendation.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ i
Declaration Page _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
ii
Approval Page _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
iii
Dedication _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _
iv
Acknowledgement _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ v
Abstract _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ vi
Table of Content _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ vii
CHAPTER ONE:
1.1Background of the Study _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1
1.2 Statement of research Problems _ _ _ _ _ _ 3
1.3 Objective of the research _ _ _ _
_ _ _ 3
1.4 Research Question
_ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ 3
1.5 Scope of the Study
_ _ _ _
_ _
_ _ 4
1.6 Significant of the study
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4
CHAPTER TWO:
2.0 Introduction _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ 5
2.1 Conceptual Framework
_ _ _ _
_ _ _ 5
2.2 Theoretical Framework
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6
2.3 Why is play important
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7
2.4Types of Play _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ 7
2.5 Play Equipment
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9
2.6 Concept of Seesaw
_ _ _ _
_ _ _
_ 10
2.7 Types of Seesaw _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10
2.8 Importance of Seesaw
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
11
vii
2.9 Problems of seesaw
_ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ 12
2.10 Solution to problems of seesaw
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ __ _ _ 12
2.11 Review of empirical studies
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ __
_ 13
2.12 Summary of Literature Review
_ _ _ _
_ _ 14
CHAPTER THREE:
3.0 Introduction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
15
3.1 Research Design
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
15
3.2 Population _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
15
3.3 Sample and sampling technique _ _ _ _ _ _ 16
3.4 Data collection instruments
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16
3.5 Procedure for Data Collection _ _ _ _ _ _ 16
3.5.1 Interview _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16
3.5.2 Statistics used for
data analysis _ _ _ _ _ _ 16
3.6 Procedure for data Analysis
_ _ _
_ _ _ _ 17
CHAPTER FOUR:
4.0 Introduction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18
4.1 Data analysis and interpretation _
_ _ _ _ _
18
4.7 Summary of the finding
_ _ _ _
_ _ _ 22
CHAPTER FIVE:
5.1 Summary _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _
23
5.2 Conclusion _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24
5.3 Recommendation
_ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ 24
Bibliography _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25
Appendix _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ 26
viii
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Early childhood care and education (ECCE) is education given to the
children under ages 0-3 before entry in to the primary school level of education.
It is a facility to help meet the basic need of the child for good healthcare,
nutrition, security, affection, interaction, and stimulation for social,
emotional, psychological, physical, and cognitive development.
The center consist of play equipment while children are quickly learns
through play. The play equipment includes indoor and outdoor. Children’s lives
are enhanced by playing creatively; as such children learn and develop as
individuals. Play equipment’s played a significance role especially in lines of
children, as it assists in their social, emotional, intellectual development
and mental health.
Playgrounds often have recreational indoor equipment’s such as abacus,
puzzles, building blocks, black shapes and color, slates, plastic and wooden
dolls, toys for sounds e.g. bottles, pebbles, empty tins, drums and tambourine,
television, dolls, teddy bear toys with different fabrics etc.
Play is central in child’s live, it is a major sources of learning,
growth and development. The outdoor materials such as merry go round, beans
bag, water play board, climbing frame, rocking boat, seesaw, skipping rope,
sand pit box, swing set, tricycle, jungle gym, chin-up bars, play house many of
which help children to develop their stages of physical fitness like
coordination, strength, and flexibility as well as providing recreation and
enjoyment prospects for supporting children educational, social, and
emotional development. Each and every equipment in ECCE has it role to play for
a child’s learning, development, language, intelligence, social skills,
imagination, and perceptual motor abilities in infant and young children.
Nevertheless children use fine and gross motor skills in their
playing, which is very important for physical, social, and cognitive
development. Physically children develop gross motor skills which includes;
locomotion, balancing and body coordination as they push up and down into the
seesaw help to develop fine motor skills includes hand, arm and fingers,
coordination, grip strength and motion of their arms and legs.
Children are really enjoyed playing with seesaw on the playground park
or in the backyard. The moving up and
down of the seesaw can be relaxing and exciting depending on the child’s play
motivation. The sensation of flying and filling make seesaw one of the most
popular pieces of equipment on the playground.
Even though seesaw can be solitary activity children usually enjoy
seesaw. Children learn cooperation, taking turns and sharing. Seesaw can also
prompt competition between children to see who can push a seesaw better than
the others. The social and emotional development of the children improve
through social interaction with adults or older child when being pushed down in
order for them to be able to seesaw.
Once the child has achieved skills to seesaw on his own, scaffolding
is no longer necessary. This project aimed to identify the power of play and
it’s equipments in enhancing pupils’ attendance with particular reference to
seesaw.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEMS
At the present time most of early childhood care and education centers
particularly in public schools were poorly equip with indoor and outdoor play equipment’s
despite the importance attached to play materials in enhancing pupil’s
attendance.
There
is no enough space for indoor and outdoor play in most public and private ECCE
centers.
There is no adequate play equipment’s in most
of the public school and some of the
private ECCE Centers.
There
is very little importance attached to play materials in most of the public, private schools and the early childhood
care and education centers.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH
The purpose of this study will be of great
benefits of children, caregivers and to determine the impact of play equipment
on preschooler’s attendance in ECCE with a particular reference to seesaw. And
the objectives of the study is:
i To
highlight the roles of seesaw to preschooler’s studies.
ii Examine
the benefits of seesaw to pupils.
iii To
know the problems and solutions of seesaw in pupils learning.
iv To
examine how seesaw can be use in the proper way.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
i Is
there adequate play equipment in early childhood care and education centers?
iii Is there enough playground for indoor and
outdoor activities in early childhood care and education centers?
iii Is there any relationship between play and
play equipment to children attendance in the early childhood care and education
centers?
1.5 SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The study is an attempt to highlight the
impact of the play facility on pre-scholars attendance in ECCE centers with
particular references to seesaw equipment in ‘’DR NUHU MUHAMMADU SUNUSI ECCE
CENTER DUTSE” Dutse Local Education Authority, Dutse Local Government Jigawa
State.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study will be of significant important to
universal basic Education board and other relevant bodies who have interest on
the education of children like Global Partnership for Education (GPE), SAVE THE CHILDREN which is an NGO that
make an intervention in children education, National center for families
learning (Ncfl), World Health Organization (WHO), World Vision, Humanitarian
Aid Organization for Children, and others private schools who have ECCE center.
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