ABSTRACT
Anemia in pregnancy is a common problem in most developing countries and a major cause of morbidity and mortality especially in malaria endemic areas. In pregnancy, anemia has a significant impact on the health of the foetus as well as that of the mother. This study was therefore carried out to determine the effectiveness of method used to control and prevention of anemia among pregnant women receiving antenatal care in Dutse general hospital, in order to obtain a broader best are prevention method. Pregnant women were enrolled in the study and were monitored through pregnancy for anemia. Packed cell volume (PCV) was used to assess level of anemia; Questionnaires were also administered to obtain demographic information and also the recommendations are made. 55.3% are using died for control in which 46.8% experienced significant progress while 8.5% show no progress. 44.7% used drugs in which 38.3% show significant progress while 6.4% show no progress.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Declaration - - - - - - - - - - -i
Certification - - - - - - - - - - -ii
Approval Page - - - - - - - - - - -iii
Dedication - - - - - - - - - - -iv
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - -v
Table of Contents - - - - - - - - - -vi
Abstract - - - - - - - - - - -viii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction - - - - - - - - - -1
1.2 Background of the study area - - - - - - -- -3
1.3 Statement of the problem - - - - - - - - -4
1.4 Aim and Objectives of the study - - - -- - - -- -4
1.4 Scope and limitation of the study - - - - - - - -5
1.5 Research question - - - - - - - - -5
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Literature
review - - - - - - - - - -6
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Methodology - - - - - - - - - -9
3.1 Study area - - - - - - - - - -- -9
3.2 Data collection - - - - - - - - - -9
3.3 Sampling Technique - - - - - - - - -9
3.4 Instrumentation
of Data Collection - - - - - - -9
3.5 Instrumentation
of Data Collection - - - - - - -9
3.6 Data
Analysis - - - - - -- -- - - -10
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Result and Discussion - - - - - - - - -11
4.1 Discussion - - - - - - - - - - -17
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations - - - - - -19
5.1 Summary - - - - - - - - - - -19
5.4 Conclusion - - - - - - - - - -19
5.3 Recommendations - - - - - - - - -20
Reference - - - - - - - - - -21
Questionnaire - - - - - - - - - -24 -
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Anemia is a common complication in
pregnancy. Anemia in pregnancy is the major causes of maternal and foetal
mortality in Africa and Asia (Margaret F. Myles: the Modern concept of obstetric
and neonatal care 5TH edition).
Anemia in pregnancy may be due to deficiency
in iron and folic acid, this deficiency happen to be the most important causes
of non hemorrhagic anemia is rated while in East Africa, folic acid anemia is
common in high altitude areas but iron deficiency anemia may be due to
inadequate intake or absorption of folic acids.
Deficiency in diet may be due to landrace,
superstition and taboos which are most part of our cultural heritage in the society.
(Richard J. Wagman (et,al.) medical
and health encyclopedia). Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy is a worldwide
problem and no country should be hold responsible. Its existence, or expect
other to control its existence for them, for a leading cause to maternal
mortality within the society. It is vicious in character because it affects the
heart of the mother which can easily lead to death (Margrate F. Myles: the
modern concept of obstetric and neonatal care 5th edition).
Unfortunately the number of mother
being victimize by this condition has been rated alarming in our society, there
has been a growing awareness among a doctors in general and observation in
particular about the problem of anemia. In pregnancy (Margret F. Myles: the
modern concept of obstetric and neonatal care 5th edition).
The department of medicine and
obstetric have been alerted by social and medical complication resulting from
iron deficiency of anemia in pregnancy. The condition known to be physically
and mentally harmful which phases different kind of dangerous to both the
mothers and foetus iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy is a condition affecting
pregnant mother and foetus which is characterized by Oedema, pallor swelling of
ankle joint dysphoea developed (Richard J. Wagman (et,al.) medical and health encyclopedia). Though the problem of
anemia in pregnancy has being drastically reduce in the developed countries
unlike un-developing countries with high rate of illiteracy socio-economic
problem. Malnutrition starvation, and lack of adequate equipment in the health
facilities to run their services. Antenatal visit having said that maternal
death good yardstick for assessing the quality of obstetric carries obvious
that the smaller the rate of material death in a community the better the
quality of medical care (Margret F. Myles).
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY AREA
Dutse general hospital was establish
in 1972 as Dutse comprehensive health centre and was promoted to general
hospital in 1985 Dutse general hospital was commission by the military Governor
of the Kano state. Air Commander Hamza Abdullahi on 8th August 1985 during General
Muhammadu Buhari regime according to Dutse general hospital has 250 beds. The
facility has the total attachment populations of 275,962 and 258 staff with the
following breakdown.
86 nurses, 30 JCHEW, 32 CHEW, 8
doctors including NYSC and 102 other the hospital offer the following services out
patient care, accident and emergency, laboratory services, TB Dots,
ophthalmology, Antenna! care postnatal.
Physiotherapy services immunization,
scanning, X-ray, caurisehus and testing of HIV, out reach services family
planning RVD management and care of PMTCl' services surgeries, nutritional
health record, dental services quality assurance blood banking.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The prevalence of anemia in Dutse
general hospital has been variously studied with no reliable statistics by
region through estimates exist. In Dutse general hospitals specifically, there
are no documented studies on prevalence. However, pregnant women attending antenatal
clinics are routinely puts on iron supplementation in their second through to
their trimester of pregnancy but the burden of disease remain high as
determined by anemia related fetal and martanal mortality and morbidity. This
study will seek to determine the prevalence of anemia in Dutse general hospital
as well as its associated etiological factors. The result of this study as well
as its recommendation will help put in place policies to effectively
investigate and manage anemia in pregnancy and therefore reduce burden of
disease.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
General Objective
“To determine the risk and method of
preventing anemia among pregnant women attending ANC in Dutse general hospital.
Specific Objective
-
Identify the risk factors associated with anemia among
pregnant mothers.
-
Identify the method of preventing anemia among
pregnant mothers.
-
To health educates mothers in the important of ANC
thereby reducing MMR following anemia condition.
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The research study is restricted to
the inadequately;
a. Of anemia in pregnancy among women
of child bearing age.
b. The study will select only two
responsible in the community.
c. The study is also limited to the
available resource found in the research process.
1.6 RESERCH QUESTION
a. What is anemia?
b. What is the complication
associated with anemia in pregnancy?
1.7 DEFINATION OF TERM
Anemia:
Deficiency of red blood cell of hemoglobin.
Iron deficiency: low hemoglobin
Hemoglobin: A
substance contained within the blood cell and composed of the pigment
hemoglobin.
Hypotension:
Anemia deficiency in blood plasma.
Albuminuna:
presence of albumins in urine alumina.
Eclapsia:
severe manifestation of toxemia in pregnancy.
Toxemia:
Presence of toxin in the blood.
Hemorrhage:
The escape of blood from the vessels either externally or internally.
Menstruationt:
The flow of blood from the uterus ones in a month.
Hypoma:
Diminished amount of oxygen in the tissues.
Oedema:
Accumulation of fluid in the body tissue.
Helmintiasis:
Condition resulting from infestation with worm.
Dystopia:
Difficult or abnormal labour.
Hypothermia:
Deficiency of muscles tone.
Insomnia: In
ability to sleep
Oophoritis: an
inflammation of the every
Poly uria: Frequent passing of urine
Micturation:
Urination
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