ABSTRACT
Fraud
has been identified as the major cause of distress and unprogressive nature of
most business organisation in the country.
Even though, there are intelligent people who work round the clock to
fault the system; but there are more intelligent people who build on fraud
check devices hence the computer.
It
is the aim of this study to find out the role of computer in fraud detection
and prevention in business organization (A Case study of First Bank of Nigeria
Plc.) The work has five chapters,
chapter one contain the body of the topic which included the problems studied,
why the study was carried out and the definition of terms.
An
extensive review of related literature on computer as it relates computer
crime, types, Computer fraud, Types, role of Computer in fraud detection and
prevention are highlighted in chapter two.
Chapter three
dealt with the design of the study, the methods used in the distribution and
collection of the questionnaires and the treatment of the data.
The
data got from the research survey were analyzed interpreted and the hypothesis
tested in chapter four.
Finally,
the summary of findings, conclusion on the research and recommendation are all
in chapter five.
If
Banks and other business organisations in the country would put the findings
and recommendations to use, the incessant incidence of fraud will not only be
detected and prevented but the customers will be satisfied with the services,
which will bring a continuos increase in profit there by making the problem of
the banks a thing of the past.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title
Page … … … … … … … … ii
Certification
… … … … … … … … iii
Acknowledgement … … … … … … … iv
Table
of content … … … … … … … … v
Abstract
… … … … … … … … vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction
1.1 Background of
the study
1.2 Statement of
problems
1.3
Research
questions
1.4
Objective
of the study
1.5
Significant
of the study
1.6
Scope
of the study
1.7
Research
hypothesis
1.8
Definition
of concepts
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Literature
review
2.1 Computer
Definition
2.2
Classification
of computer
2.3
Computer
crime
2.4
Types
of computer crime
2.5
Computer
Fraud
2.6
Fraud
and Banking industry
2.7
Nature
of fraud
2.8
Types
of Fraud
2.9
Role
of computer in Fraud detection
2.10 Damages computer fraud can cause
2.11 Role of computer in fraud prevention
CHAPTER THREE
3.0
Research
Methodology
3.1 research
Design
3.2 Area
of the study
3.3
Population
3.4
Sampling
size and sampling techniques
3.5
Method
of data collection
3.6
Method
of collection – data
3.7
Validation
of instrument.
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
Presentation
and analysis of data
4.1 Table
and charts
4.2
Interpretation
of tables and charts
4.3
Test
of Hypothesis
4.3.1 Summary of findings.
CHAPTER
FIVE
5.0
FINDINGS,
RECOMMENDATION, CONCLUSION
5.1 Discussion
of findings
5.2
Conclusion
5.3
Recommendation.
Bibliography
Appendix
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
The computer machine and computer
technologies are both human oriented.
Though, the computer is brilliant and
intelligent, it cannot compete with human. This is to say that the computer
technology excellence of intelligence is desirable from the human elements that
interact with the system and technology to make it work. It is whatever this
human elements commends the computer to do that is does. Computer is absolutely harmless except it is
imbued with the tendency to harm.
Computer
is basically defined as an electronic machine which accepts data form an input
devices, perform arithmetic and logic
operations in accordance with defined data and finally transfer the processed
data to an output device through the central processing unit (CPU) either for
further processing or to be produced as a final result.
Computer
technology has come to be accepted as an indispensable in novation if fraud
detection and prevention in the banking industry.
Fraud
has for a long time now remained the cancer-warm that is biting hard on the
back bone of banking industry. The effect of this phenomenon has led to the
liquidation of many banks in Nigeria.
It
has been the major cause of the ugly development in our Banking industry now
refereed to as ‘DISTRESS’
The
development which records high occurrence of our banks has caused a big
question mark on the credibility of Nigerian in both with and outside the
country. The need to combat the double
–headed monster by all means gave rise to the issue of cultiviatism of the
banking industry especially in the areas susceptible to fraud.
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Since 1986 when structural
adjustment programme was introduced, the banking business changed. As the number of branches grow form sixty
five in 1985 to one hundred and fifty five in 1994, the techniques of
delivering bank services changes.
In November 1990, societe
general Bank launched their first Acitomated teller machine (ATM) with trade
name SGBN’S Aim’s cash point 24. The
followed by first bank of Nigeria Plc in December 1991 with their ATM called
“First cash” located in six branches in Lagos.
The House journal of
first Bank of Nigeria (1991) affirmed that prior to AIM, other forms of
electronic banking existed notable among which were computers. The
computerization of Enugu (Main) branches in April, 1989 and also the recent
introduction of local Area network (LAWS) or the 26th of October,
1999 and the Reengineering projects which will usher in the wide Area net work
(WAN) before the next millenium.
But how far has the
computer networking of these banks improved the long stay of customer on the
counter; could manual application of interest on savings accounts, commission,
on turnover and overdraft account handled automatically by the system? Can
management always extract up to data information or account position of the
operation at a particular point in time.
The state of the banks
services t customers are such that customers are made to stay helplessly on the
counter for hours, only to be attended to by neatly dressed impolite bank
cashier. The security checks are simply
cumbersome and bank staff wishing to stay on their employment vigorously follow
these procedures.
Then
bank manager and he staff seem not to
bother as they profiled form chars queues generate. It created in them an area of self importance
and a customer who is time conscious will have to see him/her in his/her
company officer for behind the counter deal.
However,
there is no doubt that the fear of fraud slaved down bank services and has
militated against performing any feast in the art of quick and excellent
quality service.
The
experience of the banks is that any money that goes out by mistake does not
come back and there are many people who are prepared to rob the bank through
fraud. But computer has helped a lot in
the detection and it prevention in banking industry.
Based
on personal experience and views of others on the role of computer in fraud
detection and prevention in banking
industry in Nigeria, the researcher was motivated to evaluate the role of
computer in fraud detection and prevention in banking services. A case study of
first bank of Nigeria Plc Enugu main branch.
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
It has been observed that many people has
been manipulating money and embezzlement
of fund in Business organization as in first banks of Nigeria Plc Enugu
branch. Observation also shows that
people prefer manipulated money to their main salary which lead to the
liquidation of the organization .
Handling such until the inversion of computer. What then are the role of
computer in fraud detection and prevention in business organization ? This
fundamental question underlines the problems of this study.
This research work seeks to identify the
major problems confronting the banking system and its is distributed towards
the following statement of problem.
1.
One
major problem in the banking industry is the rate of financial fraud which is
evidenced by poor accounting recording and poor remuneration.
2.
Another
problems could be to determine the consequences of financial embezzlement in
the banking industry which could lead to poor profit base, retrenchment and the
bank being distressed.
3.
The
inability of then to ascertain who actually are the fraudsters which include
the officials of the banks, customers and the society at large.
1.3
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
To guide the study, the following research
questions were raised.
1.
What
is the role of computer on fraud detection ?
2.
How
can computer be used to prevent fraud ?
3.
What
are the causes of fraud in business organization ?
4.
What
are the causes if fraud in business organisation ?
5.
What
are the consequences of fraud in business organization ?
1.4
OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The
objectives of this study are as follows
1.
To
find out the role f computer in fraud detection.
2.
To
determine how computer can be used to prevent fraud.
3.
To
identify the causes of fraud.
4.
Suggesting
measures of preventing fraud.
5.
To
ascertain the consequences of fraud in business organization.
6.
To
make recommendation based on the findings.
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.
The significance of this study lies on the
great importance attached to the computer in business organization from the
findings of this research, people will know
the importance of computer in fraud detection and thus prevention.
This work is significant
in the sense that it will be an eye opener to the pubic at large. Another significance is that people will know
that there is no means of manipulation of fraud where computer is
installed. Interested organization,
business centers, institution and many others having know the role of computer
will make use of computer in their organization for them to curb this fast
growing problem will benefit from the study.
It will help the
organization to know when their money is embezzled.
1.6
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study covers a period of five years,
that is from 2003 backwards. This period
was chosen because the problem of fraud in banking appears to be more prevalent
in the this period.
First Bank Plc Enugu of
Enugu State has been chosen as the study area.
1.7
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
NULL HYPOTHESIS (HO)
HOI: There is no significant difference on the views of senior
and
junior staff of first bank of Nigeria, Okpara Avenue
on
the extent of improved customers services because
of
computer installation.
HO2: There is no significant difference between the
staff on
the
extent to which management information system is
adequate
without computer.
HO3:There is no
significant difference between the staff on
the
extent to which computer installation has helped in
the
achievement of the objectives.
HO4:There is no
significant difference in the views of Senior
and Junior staff of first bank of
Nigerian Plc Okpara
Avenue
on the adequacy of human and non-human
resources
for implementation of computer installation.
1.8
DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS.
These are the definitions
of terms used in the study.
COMPUTER: Computer is an electronic device with in built programs which
enable it to receive, store, process and procedure large amounts of data for
the execution of a more range of arithmetic and logical operation.
CRIME: Crime is any act of commission or
omission believed to be socially harmful to a group and thus forbidden by the
designated authority of that group under threat of punishment states another
way or a specific element or act of human behaviour which vary in time and
place which is considered repayment or harmful enough to be forbidden by the
group and this subject to a penalty.
FRAUD: Criminal deception or act of manipulation of fund by criminal
act.
PREVENTION: Serving or designed to prevent, precautionary.
THIEF: Person who steab, especially secretly and without violence
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