ABSTRACT
This study was on oxidative stress status of rat fed with Pentraclethra
macrophylla, otherwise known as African oil bean seed oil in English or Ugba
in Igbo. Sixteen male rats were distributed into four groups. 1
(control), then group 2, 3, and 4 as test groups. They were fed with their
formulated meal (5%, 10%, 20% inclussions) for 28 days. Group 1 was the control
and were fed with the normal feed, while group 2, 3 and 4 which were the test
groups were fed with test feed formula.. The parameters determined were MDA
concentrations and catalase activity. Serum MDA significantly increased
(p<0.05) while the catalase activity significantly decreased (p<0.05).
This finding may be clinically significant to individuals with predisposition
to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other degenerative
diseases.
TABLE
OF CONTENT
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table of content
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Aim and objective
Chapter Two
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Classification of oil
bean
2.2 Composition of seed
2.3 Fatty acid composition of
African oil bean seed
2.4 Pharmacological uses
2.5 Anti nutrient in health
2.6 Oil bean and humans
2.6.1
Oil bean seed and animals
2.7
Oxidative stress
2.7.1
Malondialdehyde
2.8
Catalase
Chapter
Three
3.0 Materials and methods
3.1 Materials
3.2 Collection and
identification of plant materials
3.3 Animals
3.4 Preparation of oil bean
seed meal for animal feeding
3.4 .1 Oil bean seed meal
inclusion diet preparations
3.4.2 Oil extraction
3.5 Formulation of oil bean
seed meal diet
3.5.1 Oil bean seed based
treatment diet (g/100g Diet)
3.5.2 Chemicals/Biochemicals
3.6 Phytochemical screening
3.6.1 Test for tannins
3.6.2 Test for alkaloids
3.6.3 Test for saponin
3.6.4
Test for flavonoids
3.6.5
Determination of phenols
3.7
Determination of fatty acid composition
3.7.1
Determination of anthocyanin
3.8
Collection of blood sample
3.9 Test for
malonaldelyde
3.9.1 Catalase assay
Chapter Four
4.0 Result and discussion
4.1
Figure i fatty acid composition of extracted oil of pentraclethra macrophylla
32
4.2 Figure ii malondialdehyde
concentration of test and control animal
4.3 Figure iii catalase
concentration of test and control animals
Chapter Five
5.0 Discussion
5.1 Recommendations
References
CHAPTER
ONE
THE
OXIDATIVE STRESS STATUS OF RATS FED ON OIL BEAN
SEED
MEAL
1.0.
INTRODUCTION
Ugba also called ukpaka is a popular food delicacy in
Nigeria especially among Igbo ethnic group. It is rich in protein and is
obtained by a solid state fermentation of the seed of African oil bean tree (Pentaclethra
macrophylla Benth).
The natural fermentation of the seed which at present is
still done at the house-hold level, renders the production nutritious,
palatable and non-toxic (Enujiugha, 2002).
Its production, like many African fermented foods depends,
entirely on mixed fermentation by microorganism from diverse source.
Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth is
a large woody plant abundant in the rain forest areas of west and
central Africa. It’s origin in Nigeria is believed to be around
1937
(Ladipo, 1984); where it is found in the South Nigeria, (Mbajunwa et al.,
1998).
―Ugba‖ Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth belongs to the
Family Leguminosae and sub-family Microsoideae (Keay, 1989 and
NFTA, 1995).
Ugba seeds are irregular and oval; they are flat, black and
hard pods. It is composed of oil, protein and small amounts of carbohydrate
(Obeta, 1982).
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
(i)
To determine the concentration of
Malondialdehyde (MDA, which indicates the peroxidation status) and
(ii)
The activity of Catalase (a marker
of antioxidant status) in the serum of rats fed graded doses of African oil
bean seed meal
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