ABSTRACT
Scholars’
preoccupation with the teaching and learning of English language among other
languages in this part of the world is founded as it is the language of
instruction in schools as well as the lingua franca in many African nations,
Nigeria included. Given that students and their teachers do not exist in isolations
of the society influencing students' performance in English language as a
subject in the secondary school.
Table of Contents
v
Cover
page
v
Title
page
v
Certification
v
Acknowledgement
v
Abstracts
INTRODUCTION Pages
1.1 Background
of study 1-4
1.2 Statement
of problem 4
1.3 Objectives
of study 4-5
1.4 Research
question 5-6
1.5 Significance
of study 6
1.6 Definition
of terms 7
Chapter Two
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Focus of Review 8
2.2 Review 9-14
2.3 Theoretical
Framework 14-17
Chapter Three
RESEARCH OF METHODOLOGY
1.1 Research Design 18
1.2 Population
of study 18
1.3 Sample
size 19
1.4 Sampling
Technique 19
1.5 Measuring
instrument 19
1. 6 Validity
/ Reliability 20
1.7 Method
of Data Analysis 20-21
1.8 Limitation of Methodology 21
Chapter four
DATA PRESEN ATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Description of Sample Size 22
4.1 Discussion
of findings 23-27
Chapter Five: SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
28
5.2 Conclusion
29
5.3 Recommendation
29-31
v
Appendix
32-33
v
Samples
of questionnaire 34-37
v
Bibliography
38-40
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
of study
Language
is a code, a vehicle through which thoughts and creativity are conveyed.
English language is not an exception. The arrival of Europeans at Badagry in
the early 18th century marked the beginning of modern or western
education in Nigeria. The Europeans were mostly English speaking concentrated
on enlightening the people, teaching them to read and write. As a means of spreading the gospel, they
therefore built school wherever land was available and there was adherents. The
primary objectives of the early missionary education were basically to convert
Nigerians to Christianity, to train pastors and few teachers to translate the
Bible. In order to accomplish the above
stated objectives, the missionaries discovered that unless Nigerians were
trained to read, write and communicate in English
effectively, nothing can be achieved. Hence, schools were established and
patterned along the British model. English language was the only medium of
instruction (lingua franca) provided by the missionaries. This united and has
continued to the heterogeneous groups in the country. The fact that English
language was used as a medium of instruction only in schools is the root cause
of the influence of the society on students' performance on the language.
Outside school, in different domains, indigenous language are more readily used
than English. Since English is not our
native language, students find it difficult in using it to express themselves
both in speech and in writing.
Like
any other language, English acquired through listening, speaking, reading and
writing the four language skills. However, it is saddening to know that
secondary students perform below expectation in English as subject and also
were English in the medium of instruction. In other words, students'
proficiency in English as far reaching effects than their ability to speak the
language well-a much criterion for judging language ability.
Of
all the language skills mentioned above (i.e. listening, speaking, reading and
writing), listening is more basic for the acquisition of language. Babies first
of all listen to sounds in their environment and attempt to produce them in
speech. Thereafter, they learn hoe to read, recognize for the sound they are
auditorily familiar with, and they learn how to write out these symbols. The quality of the sound and the expression
listened to directly determine the quality of output by a child. In the same way except for those who augment
with quality reading materials, students in secondary school produce nothing
more than what they up from the society. Listening skill of the student with regard to
English language is hampered because the students' immediate environment, at
home and in the general community with whom the students commune in English,
some of them do not speak good quality English, courtesy of unchecked
interference of the indigenous language as well as sub-standard education. Also
media, which could have been good avenues for enhancing the students' listening,
are not available in many homes. As for the homes in which they are available,
many students from such homes prefer programmes which are not particularly
suited to the enhancement of their English listening skills.
Teachers
The vocations of
the teachers place them at a vintage point in the experience of English
language that students have, as members or the society themselves, teachers are
able to witness how students come in contact with in language outside the school.
Outside the school domain, teachers are parents, guardians, church goers,
shoppers, and media consumer in turn, in acting their roles in these different
domains, they witness firsthand, the kind of exposure to English language which
students have in larger society because these are the domains in which students
interact with many other members of the society.
1.2 Statement
of problem
Every
man is a product of the society in which he lives and the traits he exhibits
ate almost always influenced by his society. For secondary school students,
their use of English derives from the exposure they have in the society at
large. Their performance in school is therefore linked with their interaction
within the society. The kind of influence which the society has on the students
and the performance of the latter based on this influence is the preoccupation
of this study. In order to approximately
ascertain the nature and extent of such influence, the students looked to the
teachers for direction.
1.3 Objectives
of study
In
determining the nature of societal influence on students; performance, the
study seeks to draw attention to the excesses caused by the society in the
process of the student cannot take leave of the society, suggestion are given as
to how such excesses may be managed and curbed. In essence the specific of the objectives of
the study are:
v
To
determine the frequency of students' use of the English language outside the
school.
v
To
determine the factors responsible for students' choice of English language
outside the school.
v
To
ascertain the people to whom students speak English outside the school.
v
To
seek ways in which English language can be improved in the society
1.4 Research Questions
i. How often
students use the English language outside the school and for what purpose?
ii. What
determines language choice in other domains apart from that of formal learning
in schools?
iii. Who are
those with whom students speak English outside the school?
iv. In what
way can English language use be improved in the society?
1.5 Significance
of study
English
is one subject needed by every students aspiring to study in a tertiary
institution in Nigeria. Despite the fact that the UTME and tertiary institution
authority have this stand clear and do not compromise on it, a lot of students
still find it difficult to pass the subject and therefore stand a chance to be
offered provisional admission. Exposing
the inherent pitfalls in society's influence on English language learning and
acquisition can help both the teachers and the students to tackle the problem
and better equip learners to perform optimally. Armed with this knowledge,
parents, teachers and other career givers will be made aware of the
opportunities available to them for helping children and wards to learn
appreciate the English language better and in essence improve their performance
not only at school but also outside school.
1.6 Limitations
of Study
In the course of
conducting this research work it is expected that the following will constitute
impediments to the effective conduct of the study
a) Time constraint within which the study
must be completed.
b) Financial constraint
c) Inaccessible and inadequate data
d) Also,
combining project work with several other activities is another stressful task
that may not allow me to cover research materials extensively.
Nevertheless, I believe
the above limitations will in no way affect the reliability and validity of the
research study.
1.7 Definition
and terms
Influence:- This may be
defined as the ability by a person or thing to affect another.
Performance- It can be
said to be an act or a way in which a thing or person performs.
Society- This is a group of people considered to share certain characteristics
by virtue of their living together.
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