ABSTRACT
The
study investigated the effects of study habit on the academic performance of
students’ using some selected senior secondary schools in Mushin Local
Government Area of Lagos State as a case study. The study employed a
descriptive research survey type. One hundred and twenty (120) students were
randomly selected from six senior secondary schools in the area. The instrument
utilized for the study was a questionnaire named “Study Habit and Study
Attitude Scale”(SHSAS). Three hypotheses
were tested and the result showed that the study habits of the students, method
of study, and the school environment, student personality and peer group all
affect the academic performances of students in secondary schools. Data was
analyzed using Pearson moment
correlation.
Based
on the findings, appropriate parental counseling programme needs to be
organized for parents that will educate them on how to motivate their wards to
cultivate good study habits in order to enhance their academic performance.
Hence, it is suggested that similar research with relevant research methodology
should be used in carrying out research in other states of the federation to
ascertain the degree of conformity which this research have on the study habit
of all senior secondary school students in Nigeria.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
Page
Cover page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement
iv
Abstract v
CHAPTER
ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background of study 1
1.1 Statement of the problem 7
1.2 Purpose of study 8
1.3 Research questions 8
1.4 Research hypothesis 9
1.5 Significance of the study 9
1.6 Scope of limitation of the study 9
1.7 Definition of terms. 10
CHAPTER
TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.0
Introduction 11
2.1 Theoretical
framework of the study 12
2.2 Habit
Formation and Significance 17
2.3. Concept of
Study Habits 20
2.4 Concept of
Academic Performance 29
2.5 Factors
influence academic performance of secondary school
student 31
2.6 Other
Dimensions of Study Habits 42
CHAPTER THREE:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 51
3.2 Research
Design 51
3.3 Sample
and Sampling Procedures 51
3.4. Area
of Study 52
3.5 Instrumentation 53
3.6. Validity 54
3.7 Reliability 54
3.8 Mode
of Data Collection 55
3.9 Data
Analysis Procedure 55
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
4.1 Introduction 56
4.2 Findings and Analysis of Results 56
4.3 Test of the Research Hypotheses 56
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION
OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND
5.0 Introduction 64
5.1 Discussion
of findings 64
5.2 Conclusion 70
5.3 Recommendation 72
REFERENCES 74
Appendix 79
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Research on the correlation between study habit and students
academic performances has for long received attention from scholars and
educational agencies.
1.0.1 WHY
IS THIS STUDY NECESSARY
In every school setting, students are perpetually in search of
academic success, the success of academic performance is their ultimate goal.
However studies of school performances indicates that most students are under
achievers, Dizney 2003 and Okegbile 2007. A major reason for students under
developed potentials may be in their lack of learning strategies. This study
therefore is to investigate the influence of study habits on academics
performances of students using secondary schools in Mushine Local Government as
a case study.
1.0.2
IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICS
The relative importance of teaching and learning physics has
increased dramatically over the years. The importance of Physics cannot be
over-emphasized as it forms the basis for technological advancement of any
nation. (Jubril 1986) said science is most powerful tool for man's development.
it has been identified as an instrument per excellence in solving
socio-economic problems of good health facilities, agriculture, employment,
poverty and many other problem betting development in under-developed nation
like Nigeria.
Physics is a branch of science that deals with energy and matter
and their interactions. It is sometimes referred to as the science of
measurement and its knowledge has contributed greatly to the production of
instruments and devices of tremendous benefits to the human race. The study of
physics can lead to several scientific fields and professions such as
engineering, manufacturing, mining and construction industries. Apart from
this, knowledge of physics plays a very significant role in the development of
any nation. Much as Nigeria advocates for and pursuing development in
technology, the results has been both unsatisfactory and encouraging (Adebayo
2008). The drastic drive in Nigeria towards technology is contained in her
National polocy in Education(2004)
1.0.3
CHALLENGES IN LEARNING PHYSICS
Some of the challenges that physics education is facing in our
society today are as follows;
i. Lack of competent teachers to the profession: one of the
greatest problems faced by physics teachers is that of recruitment and
retention of competent people into the teaching profession(Adeyinka2010). The
future of any nation lies in the hand of effectively trained and professional
teachers. But now, teaching is considered as the last hope of the hopeless, i.e
the profession of those who do not have better things to do(Aliyu2011)
ii. Inadequate laboratory facilities: laboratories in our
schools are not well equipped.
iii. Poor students' motivation: the enrolment figure of most
student in our schools are in social sciences and humanities which surpasses
that of student of physics and other core science courses.
Other factors limiting effective learning of physics include;
- Lack of teaching aid
- Poor/un-committed students
- Lack of good textbooks
- Curriculum
- Lack of proper orientation to the students
1.0.4 WHAT
ARE PAST RESEARCHER'S EFFORTS TO CURB THESE CHALLENGES?
Education is known to have always played important roles in the
life of man. Aggrawal(1997) says, “Education is a continous and lifelong
process. It is the process of development from infancy to maturity. It includes
the effect of everything which influences human personality” Iram (1999) quoted
the definition of education from Singh (1997) as , “Education is broad term,
the life long process of acquiring new knowledge and skills through both formal
and informal exposure to information, ideas and experiences”
Some psychologists thought that a child’s mind was a clean state
and a teacher could write anything on it . Others were of the view that a child
was just like a lay and a teacher like a porter who could make anything out of
it.
It is an understatement to say that the standard of education in
Nigeria has fallen. However it has been realized that the students who possess
mental abilities sometimes do not perform well in their academic work either
because they do not know how to study effectively or do not use the most
effective method of studying. Many questions have raised by teachers, parents
and students themselves on why students perform so poor academically. Even the
state government have shown some concern over this in recent time by
introducing low cost books for primary and secondary schools. Although this was
meant to create the desire to study by the students, it has not helped the
situation much because students do not read this books. Many of the students
complained of lack of understanding.
There is no doubt that these complaints evidently point to one
fact, that is lack of effective study habits. It is this problem however I wish
to investigate as it appears to be one of the root causes of dwelling standard
of our educational system today.
The extent of the student’s learning in academics may be
determined by the grades a students earns for a period of learning. It is
believed that a grade is a primary factor that indicates such learning.
However, many experiences and study found out that there are also several
factors that would affect grades. Not a single factor can definitely point out
as predicting grades. It has been interplay of so many factors – gender, IQ,
study habits, age, year level, parents educational attainment, social status
,number of siblings ,birth order, etc. infact almost all of the existing
environmental and personal factors are a variable of academic performance.
studying is important in our lives, especially to the lives of students. Each
student as a unique individual has different abilities, approaches and way of
thinking, interests and way of studying lessons. these individual differences
have significant influences on one’s learning style and acquisition. Each
students has different method and ways of studying and this methods are
sometimes helpful but some are not as effective as the others(Oppapers,2010).
These ways of studying are the routinely or habitual way of
studying the learner. It accustomed method of approach to units of students
learning with its consistency in ignoring, destruction of his effectiveness to
the specific materials being studied and the effects which he exerts throughout
the process. Every year, there are a lot of comments from educators, schools
administrators and parents who are a loss on how to improve their students and
children study habits. This require the teacher to promote a new mindset of
learning style theories to appreciate each students as a unique individual,
instead of trying to force all students into one fixed or pre-set model. Good
study habits help the students to gain much affective learning that profit even
more. Students who perform well in classes and who are academically outstanding
are proofs that they have good study habits. This is because study habits
involves using organizational techniques of learning which exercise the
particular talents and aptitudes of the students.
However, at this point I would like to investigate the possible
relationship of study habits and factors affecting it to the academic
achievement of secondary school students in few selected secondary schools in
Mushin local Government area. The investigation of this area thus becomes a real
and compelling motivation for me to conduct this study.
1.1
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study is intended to find out the factors affecting study
habit of a few selected secondary schools in Yaba local Government area in
Lagos state. It is also aimed at answering the following questions
1] What is the profile of the respondents according to
a] Time management
b] Learning skills
c] Study skills
2] What extent of influence did the independent variable have on
students study habits
3] Did the independent variables significantly influence
students study habits
Due to the increasing nature of poor academic performance of
secondary school students, especially in external examinations like WAEC and
JAMB, many educationist tend to shift the blame on the teaching methodology
adopted by the teachers and lack of fund from the government to provide quality
textbooks. However, these might not be the main reasons why students perform
poorly in examinations. It is clear from all indication that most secondary
school students have poor study habit which might lead to poor academic
performance.
As true as this might sound, it is yet to gather adequate
research evidence to prove that it is a key factor on why students fail.
1.2 PURPOSE OF STUDY
The primary aim of this study is to examine the effect of study
habit on students academic performance.
This general aim is expressed in the following specific
objectives which are to;
1) Assess the study habit of students in secondary school.
2) Compare the academic performance of students who have
developed a study habit and those who do not have a study habit.
3) Examine factors influencing students study habit.
4) investigate the effect of study habit on students academic
performance.
1.3
RESEARCH QUESTION
The following questions were raised to guide the study:
1. Is there any relationship between students study habit and
academic performance of students?
2. What is the nature of relationship between students study
habit and their family background?
3. How important is the method of study on academic performance
of students?
m4. does the school environment, student personally and peer
group affect the study of habit of students?
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
Three hypotheses were
formulated based on the research questions
Ho1: There is no significant relationship between students study
habit and academic performance.
Ho2: There is no significant relationship between method of
study and academic performance of students.
Ho3: There is no significant relationship between the school
environment, student personality and peer group and the study habit of
students.
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
This will be useful to many people who may not know the factors
that could make or mar student’s academic performance. There the study is significant
in this regard.
-It attempts to combine study skills with study habits and how
they both affect academic performance of students.
-It will provide valuable information about the effects of poor
study habit on the academic performance of students
- It will serve as resource materials for others who want to
carry out research in related field
1.6 SCOPE
AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study centers on the effects of study habits on academic
performance of student in senior secondary schools. The scope of this research
project is restricted to yaba local government area of Lagos state.
Availability of time and sourcing of good materials posed as hindrance to the
timely completion of this project work.
1.7
DEFINITION OF TERMS
STUDY
HABIT:
This is a behavior style that is systematically formed by
students towards learning and achievement.
STUDY
SKILLS
These are peculiar strategies developed by the students in
studying.
ACADEMIC:
This has been variously defined but for the purpose of this study,
horn by (1991) define academic as that which has to do with school college
studies or learning in other words designate the intellectual; aspect of
education particularly the final subject deals with organized knowledge.
ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE.
This refers to the performance that falls within specified
standard is usually called pass mark and the pass mark is score above average
which student are considered having passed and below which students are
considered having failed
STUDENT:
A person who is learning or studying at a place of higher or
further education.
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