ABSTRACT
The aim of this research project is to know the
essence of radio commentaries and its impact on the listeners.
The project stars with information
which given insight into the historical
back ground of news commentaries.
It processed to examine the impact
news commentaries creates to this listens and the distinguishing features. It then derives into detailed exposition of
relevant literature formation of research question and hypothesis.
The research question was formulated
to properly address the problem on radio commentary in relation to its
listens. Questionnaire were administered
to the sampled respondents. The findings on the study reveled that news
commentaries have less impact on some resident of the country as a result of
low level of awareness and illiteracy.
The research recommended that radio
news commentaries should create enough awareness to control the effect of
illiteracy level of respondent and also further studies should be
encouraged.
TABLE
OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the study
1.2
Statement of problem
1.3
Objective of the study
1.4
Significance of study
1.5
Research question
1.6
Research hypothesis
1.7
Definition of terms
1.8
Assumption
1.9
Limitation of the study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Source
of literature
2.2
The review
2.3
Summary of literature review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research method
3.2
Research design
3.3
Research sample
3.4
Data collection
3.5
Data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
Data analysis and result
4.1
Data analysis
4.2
Result
4.3
Discussion
CHAPETR FIVE
Summary & recommendation for
further study
5.1
Summary
5.2
Recommendation
5.3
Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix
Questionnaire
CHAPETR
ONE
INTRODUCTION
The
history of radio news commentary in Nigeria dated back to the 1930’s when what
was known as radio receiver was just a wooden box and as amp liter. The audience has thrilled by these live
commentaries run by various pioneer commentators.
Ever since the tradition of running
radio commentary has remained with radio to this day.
In
presidential democracy such as ours news commentary whether on the radio newspaper or television do not only
serve as surveyor of public opinion but also serve as a requisite for bridging
the credibility gap between government and the governed.
Perhaps, it might be necessary to
draw a line of distinction between news and news commentary. A news caster
presents straight news without additional comment. While a news talk provides background
information to the new. Writing on the
uses of radio, Richard Aspinall said that:
“with limits radio can
persuade and effectively influence
large audience thereby contributing
substantially to the thinking of the nation”
in the Nigeria media house today
news commentary has become a ferment feature.
Airtime is allowed to news commentary immediately after major news-
bulletins perhaps as an attention gaining strategy. The media house not only give air space to
commentaries written by its own staff but also uses those written in the
additional headlines of various new
papers this giving freedom of expression a chance.
Today the media house news-
commentary not only interpret the news but sometimes comment on societal
problems but what happens to the problems or issues of the society and the
views expressed by the news- talk after these Tracie broadcasts as in the media
house?
Do they influence the attitude and
an opinion of the country’s listening public?
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Perhaps
50 percent of each radio news commentary listeners who forget to fund their
radio during commentary do so are more accustomed to the news paper additional
page to which they can easily refer may be and may be not we shall find cut
through survey in the subsequent chapters.
Owing to the fact that news-
commentary are aired to listeners and
are not seen we have therefore taken it upon ourselves to present at least
except of two news commentary aired by ESBS
and FRCN
Is it not often said that seeing is
believing? Indeed sight or vision is an indispensable in learning and retention
–vision is said to aid the memory to produce previously retained content. And for quick remembrance of past new-talks
by respondents these excerpts shall serve as basis for our analyses. We shall present them to our respondents for
answers
1.2 STATEMENT
OF PROBLEM
A country
like Nigeria with diverse culture and human resource & need radio
commentaries or news talk capable of interpreting events bordering global and
societal issues. Obviously these news-commentary are staunchly provided to
listeners on a daily basis
Unfortunately about 80% of radio
listeners ignore news- talk once they have listened to actual news broadcast
but radio listeners are 100% attentive to sport commentaries. If all radio
commentaries are said to interpret events occurring earlier on illuminating the
hidden fact (news behind the news) to the layman then it is to be preferred to actual broadcast.
Moreover generally the Nigeria
audience seems not to appreciate radio commentaries as their western
counterpart who listen to radio and write feedback to their radio stations such
as BBC which in turn offers them a round
the clock service.
1.3
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The
foregoing objectives apart the present study must be seen to be significance or
relevant to mass communication at least on two grounds.
First, it focuses on Nigeria media
consumer on news- commentaries which is a medium essentially designed for news
broadcast and its obligatory effort interpreting new to its listeners through
commentaries.
The second point or relevance of
this study is its typology. Being an audience research this study seeks to
emphasis that communication without feedback is incomplete. We might wrap up this relevance of feedback in the words of Quall and Brown
“ In any commumcation system
feedback from receivers to a communicator is
a necessary ingredient fro maximum efficiency. Ti is the only true indicator of the
effectiveness to reach the people and it provides the only safe basis for
alteration of any format”
1.4
RESEARCH QUESTION
1.
Do the news commentary ever steer a middle
course at times disagreeing with government policy and at the other time
selling it
2.
To what extent have the suggestion and
opinion offered by the news talk as solution to societal problems been adopted
in the society.
3.
What are the criteria fro selecting among
others the news talk to be aired?
4.
Considering the frequency that news talk
are and have the purpose tended to induce
the desired effect
5.
How often are the suggestions and opinions
contributed in the news talk adopted by
the lecterns
6.
Does Nigeria radio news talk influence the
attitude and opinions of the listening public?
7.
How many media consumer listen to and make
use of any Nigeria news talk
1.5
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
To provide some dues as the
direction of this inquiry the following hypothesis have been put forward to us.
H1: Radio
audience in Nigeria do listen to new talk because the letter are
Mere repetition of actual broadcast.
H0: Radio
audience in Nigeria do not listen to new talk because the letter are
Mere
repetition of actual broadcast
H2: Things
are likely to continuously exhibit this trend toward Nigeria radio
News
talks so long as strong foreign counterparts exist.
H0: Things
do not continuously exhibit this trend toward Nigeria radio
News
talks so long as strong foreign counterparts exist.
H3: That
spot commentaries are livelier and therefore more interesting than
New talk
H0: That spot commentaries are
not livelier and therefore more interesting than new talk.
1.6
DEFINITION OF TERM
We are obligated to define the
conceptual and key operational definitions are given blow:
i.
Commentary
ii.
Listeners
iii.
ESBS and FRCN
iv.
Effectiveness
v.
Method of presentation
CONCEPTUAL DEFINITION
i. Commentary: This offer listener information on current issues or
research of current relevance which helps in directing the minds of the entire
audience including those in authority and subjects.
ii. Impact: According
tot the oxford paper- back dictionary it means idea in as much as this is
valid? Impact here shall be operationally seen to be effective in result of
radio news talk. It provides such
detailed and in-depth opinion as would enable the listeners to interpret the
significance of news
iii. Listener: These are the audience of radio
news talk.
iv. ESBS and FRCN: ESBS stands for Enugu state broadcasting
service and FRCA stands for federal radio corporation of Nigeria
v. Effectiveness: This means that ESBS /FRCN commentaries are achieving
the intended result aims and objective to which it was established
vi. Method of Presentation: This is the technique to which
commentary is delivered to the target audience through radio.
1.7
ASSUMPTION
All the
studies of the research work will be passed on survey method. The survey
research method will be adopted because in any experimental research the
researchers have studied without injecting extraneous variables. On the other hand the survey research usually
involved studying the attitudes of pole, which cannot be predicted.
It is therefore believed that at
the end of this research work a reliable and depended able result will be
achieved.
1.8
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
We shall
not hesitate to state the inherent factors which we encountered in the course
of our research that may likely influence our working sampling result one of
these factors is that of all our intended diversified respondents only the ones
belonging to the middle class or upper stratum of the society responded
positively to listening to news- talk or commentaries. And this makes the result slanted to only the
opinions of this class of people.
Another limitation was that of the
“ fear syndrome” in Nigeria respondents, some people whom other wise would have
been good material for our research we discovered were reluctant to make any
comment for fear of being quoted so we are only making use of the available and
willing respondents.
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