THE IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS (A STUDY OF ILORIN SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KWARA STATE.)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study

Statement of the Problem

Research Questions

Research Hypotheses

Purpose of the Study

Significance of the Study

Scope and Limitations of the Study

Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Concept of Educational Facilities

Theoretical Perspectives on School Facilities and Student Achievement

Libraries and Academic Performance

School Building and Academic Performance

Laboratory and Academic Performance

Social Constructivism

Studies of Urban School Facilities and Student Achievement

Student Performance and Motivation

 Effects of School Conditions

Other Factors Affecting Academic Performance

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

Population of the Study

Sample and Sampling technique

Research Instrument

Validity and Reliability of the Instrument

Procedure for Data Collection

Method of Data Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS OF DATA AND DISCUSSION

Rate of Response

Presentation of Tables and Analysis of Data 

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary of Findings 

Conclusion

Recommendations

REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study

Education, in every human community, is an indispensable instrument for human, empowerment, progress and effective national development. This suggests that a nation that lacks a sound educational culture and philosophy stands the risk of decay whereas a nation that sees to the development of its education is bound to achieve great success.

The national policy on education and the latest education reform of the government in area of secondary education has the broad aims of human capital development that aimed at preparing students for useful living within the society and preparing them for higher education. However, a cursory look at the secondary schools in recent times suggests that the schools are not living up to expectation in the provision of functional qualitative education in the three domains of learning; viz: cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains.

It appears that over the years, the emphasis of secondary school education have been on the cognitive domain (academic performance) at the expense of the two other domains (affective and psychomotor). Meanwhile, Bandele (2002) argued that the affective and the psychomotor domains exert great influence on the cognitive domain as well as making the beneficiary of the education system live a fulfilled life and contribute meaningfully to the development of the society.

It has been generally observed that one major obstacle bedevilling the secondary schools is the students’ involvement in the anti-social vices thereby making the schools ineffective in the affective domain. Students’ anti-social vices manifest in form of absence from school, lateness to school, insubordination to school authority among others. Many students, these days, appear to be lazy, dishonest, and always search for shortcuts to success.

Personal experience has also shown that most secondary school leavers lack requisite technical skills to be able to function effectively in the society. It appears that the schools seem not to consider the importance of sports to the development of individuals and to nation-building. Sporting activity (which is a very good index of psychomotor domain) is not just a routine or an annual fund-raising activity for schools but a very good avenue for talent hunt.

The ineffectiveness of schools in these two domains of learning (affective and psychomotor) have been attributed to a number of factors such as parental factor, societal factor and school factors but school factor appears to be prominent. The school factor considered in the study is the school facilities. Availability of school physical facilities and the conduciveness of the school learning environment have been said to be potent factors influencing students’ achievement in the affective and the psychomotor domains.

Personal visits to some schools have shown that the school physical facilities have not been in good shape. In some cases, students sit on the ground to receive lessons. Many of the classrooms, laboratories, libraries, playing grounds are in a terrible state of despair.

Statement of the Problem

An overwhelming number of poor and minority students in Nigeria are being educated under deteriorating educational facilities not conducive to increasing student motivation and/or academic achievement.  In the absence of appropriate and decent/safe educational facilities in which most urban students can access the tools to confidently pursue their education, it is becoming almost impossible to expect tremendous gains in areas of student conduct, motivation and achievement.

Research Questions

This project aims at how teaching facilities affects the performance of students in some selected public secondary school. In order to achieve this, the following research questions are very essential.

1.                Are there enough educational facilities in schools?

2.                Are there materials or educational facilities relevant for academic performance?

3.                Do educational facilities have impact on the academic performance of students?

Research Hypotheses

Since the study is focused on impact of educational facilities on academic performance of secondary school students, the hypotheses highlighted will be used in our analysis.

1.                Educational facilities in secondary school is not enough (H₀), while (H₁) is the reverse.

2.                There are no materials or educational facilities relevant for academic performance (H₀), while (H₁) is the reverse.

3.                Educational facilities has no impact on academic performance of secondary school students (H₀), while (H₁) is the reverse.

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of educational facilities on academic performance of secondary school students in Ilorin South Local Government Area of Kwara State. While we do not have the data to identify the specific mechanism by which compliances is linked to educational outcomes, from existing research, we know that school buildings in poor shape lead to reduced learning. Based on the findings, recommendations were made on how to improve the performance of the students.

Significance of the Study

This study is meant to help educators and education planners realize what problems students are subjected to. Since there is the rapid desire for education by an increasing population of Nigeria, it will go a long way to identify the area of need of students in term of adequate educational facilities.

The study is meant to identify these problems and how much effect it has on the performance of the students since these facilities exist to facilitate and stimulate the instructional programme of the school system they should be provided and maintained.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study will be limited to a few selected secondary schools under Ilorin South Local Government Area of Kwara State. The study covers the following schools

1.                Government Day Secondary School, Jebba Road, Ilorin.

2.                Government Day Secondary School, Tanke, Ilorin

3.                Government Day Secondary School, Kulende, Ilorin.

4.                Saint Anthony’s Secondary School, Oloje, Ilorin.

5.                Lower Niger Basin Staff School, Ilorin.

The study will be limited to the above five Government Day Secondary Schools in Ilorin South Local Government Area of Kwara State.

Definition of terms

Academic Performance: This means the level of attainment on what the students have been able to achieve in terms of success in examination. It may be either excellent or poor performance.

Facilities: These are materials that make it possible or easier to do something, such facilities in teaching like desks, chairs, libraries etc. for easy learning process.

Equipment: Things needed for a particular purpose. School equipment like modern equipment, learning technology for writing on.

Adequate: Enough in quantity or good enough in quality, for the purpose or need for effective academic performance.

Significance: This is the importance of something or educational equipment

Laboratory: This is a room or building used for scientific research, experiments testing etc.

Teaching: This is the passing of knowledge from an experienced person to an inexperienced person.

Effective: This is producing the result that is wanted or intended.

Education: This is the process of teaching and learning to improve knowledge and develop skills of an individual to the society.

Classroom: This is where teaching and learning takes place.

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