ABSTRACT
The project examines the effect of change in consumer attitude to
the sales volume target of a consumer product for profit maximization. This
methodology used for the purpose of this research work is survey and data
presentation and analysed based on percentage. The major findings of the
research are product and is the best marketing mix variable has an impact on
the industrial survival, Nigerian companies didn't yields positive result for
the development of national economy, the business is the strategy of our day to
day life the change of product design and brand color may change the consumer
attitude which increase in maximizing profit or the organization. Business can be
effective when it practice consumer change behavior based on the above findings
I recommended that the private organization should try to adopt a good
marketing market share and profit. t also tries to practice the effect of
change in consumer attitude to the sales volume target of consumer product
which to profit maximization. The government should provide subsidies and
credit to our private organization to enhance the marketing activities. It
should provide infrastructure facility which include power supply, road, water
etc and adopt a good policy that will regulate the operation of the private
organization in the country or employment opportunity and national prosperity.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page - - - - - - - - - - i
Approval Page - - - - - - - - - ii
Dedication - - - - - - - - - - iii
Certification - - - - - - - - - - iv
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - v
Abstract - - - - - - - - - - vi
Table of contents - - - - - - - - - vii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 1
1.1 Background of the study - - - - - - - 2
1.2 Statement of the problem - - - - - - - 5
1.3 Research question - - - - - - - - 5
1.4 Objectives of the study - - - - - - - 6
1.5 Significance of the study - - - - - - - 6
1.6 Scope and limitation of the
study - - - - - - 7
1.7 Definition of terms - - - - - - - - 8
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature review - - - - - - - - 9
2.1 Consumer attitude - - - - - - - - 9
2.2 Consumer buying behavior - - - - - - - 12
2.3 The environ mental models of
buyer behavior - - - - 14
2.4 Consumer rights - - - - - - - - 15
2.5 The principles of consumer
rights - - - - - - 17
2.6 The consumer responsibilities -- - - - - - 18
2.7 How to change consumer attitude - - - - - - 19
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research methodology - - - - - - - 21
3.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 21
3.2 Population for the study - - - - - - - 21
3.3 Sample size - - - - - - - - - 22
3.4 Method of data collection - - - - - - - 23
3.5 Sources of data collection - - - - - - - 23
3.6 Sampling technique - - - - - - - - 24
3.7 Apparatus - - - - - - - - - 25
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data presentation and analysis - - - - - - 26
4.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 26
4.2 Presentation of data and
analysis - - - - - - 26
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, Conclusion and
Recommendations - - - - 40
5.1 Summary - - - - - - - - - 40
5.2 Conclusion - - - - - - - - - 41
5.3 Recommendation - - - - - - - - 41
References - - - - - - - - - 42
Appendix - - - - - - - - - 43
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
The ascertainment of raw materials selection is
of basic importance to small scale industries in particular, because it is one important element of production. Raw Material selection
of a particular job depends on the price at which material is purchased.
Manufacturing industries
especially small scale industries incur different types of selection to produce a unit of output. Such selection includes material selection, labour selection and
other selections. Among them materials selection, are most important because in
many enterprise such selections are greater than all other selection combined
together. Material is one of the most important elements of production apart
from the selection of labour to produce the product.
The combination of material
selection together with the selection of labour helps to determine the total
selection of a product, and the eventual and actual sales price of a company
product. Material selection in production industries are used to help and
understand the value of inputs and output in a production process by
tracking and categorizing the information according to rigorous (accuracy) of
accounting system. Corporate management can determine with a high degree of
accuracy, the selection per unit of production and other key performance
indicators.
Management
of the organization needs this information in order to make and form decision
about production level, pricing, competitive strategy, future investment and a
host of other concern. Such information is primarily necessary for internal
use, or management accounting for decision making because material selection is
very important in the life of any production enterprise being it the-large
industry or small scale business which is our concern in this research. Thus
whole aspect and exercise of material selection in an enterprises are
classified under; valuation of purchase and pricing of material issues etc.
1.1
BACKGOUND OF
THE CASE STUDY AREA
Danmodi Food
processing limited was established in 2007 at Gambawa quarters, along
hospital road in Kafin Hausa Local
Government, Jigawa state, Nigeria.
The company
started with a small scale grinding-machine operated for commercial use with
only three staff, year later, the company became expanded to rice processing firm and employed more than
thirty-staff. The Company and Allied
Matters Act (CAMA) 1990, with Alh. Umar Namadi and Dr. Abdullahi Namadi as
directors respectively.
However, the
company as a small scale firm has five functional departments that run its
production activities. These include the; Administration, production,
marketing/sales, account and lastly maintenance departments, each carrying out
different functions for the company.
1.2 STATEMENT OF
THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
All over the
world, inadequate access to finance in one of the major problem in habiting the
establishment and growth of small business firms. The finance problem of the
small business firms is more serious in the developing countries then develops
countries, developing countries like Nigeria.
There is
need for improve ways of financing the small business firm, but at the same
time this need are difficult to safety.
For long
time, the medium and large scale firms have been receiving more financing at
the expenses of the small firms while the Nigerian industrial Development Bank
(NIDB) and the Nigeria Bank for Commerce and Industries (NBCI) reserve their
financial assistance for the medium and large scale enterprises, the small
business firms cannot be said to have such special development institution set
society to enter for their financial need.
The small
scale business/industries in Nigeria have other problem apart from that of
financial managerial include lack of infrastructure, facilities, mobility to
attack skilled manpower, poor making and in accurate accounting record keeping.
Increase
emphasis a self-reliant approach to development and great attention paid to
aspect of development other then investment and output growth.
Therefore,
this research work is intended to find out the role of raw-material selection
in small scale industries.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main aim
of this research is to point out the role of raw materials selection in a small
scale industry, and also use the following specific objective;
i.
To determine whether raw material selection
plays any role in small scale industries.
ii.
To examine the effect of poor selection of
material and control procedure in determining effective profit.
iii.
To identify why most of the small scale
business are not select their product properly and effectively.
iv.
To highlight the problems that is facing
small scale industries as a result of improper selection of raw-materials.
v.
To suggest ways and proper solution in
which the knowledge of material selection in selection the product can assist
in solving the problem being faced by small scale industries and hence improved
their growth and development.
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
A hypothesis
is a set of preposition to explain the subject under study in short and brief
statement or words. It is also a set of general aspect of the problem
understudy.
The null
hypothesis: is usually
denoted by the symbol H0, and alternative hypothesis is usually
denoted by the symbol H1, the formulation of hypothesis lead to
tentative assumption, of the problem to be investigated.
i.
Null Hypothesis
H0:-
Material selection does not play an important role in
economic development of small scale industries in Nigeria.
ii.
Alternative Hypothesis
H1:
Material selection plays an important role m the economic development of small
scale industries in Nigeria.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The
significance of research or study is to enable the researcher to highlight the
role of material selection in the industrialization development in Nigeria and
also this research would be significant to Danmodi Food Limited management as
it enable them to understand the environment with which they operate and it
would also offer practical solutions to the problem encountered by small scale industries. This research work
would however be beneficial to some or all of the following:
i.
Shareholders
ii.
Management
iii.
Staff
iv.
Students
v.
Potential investors
vi.
Academic institutions
vii.
Government
1.6 SCOPE AND
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This
research work is intended and aimed to cover up the role of raw material
selection in small scale industries. It is however restricted to some selected
small scale industries in Jigawa State. The research work would pay its
attention to “Danmodi Food processing Limited Kafin Hausa as the area of the
study.
The content
of this project is
limited to the role of material selection in small scale industries, in Nigeria other
limitations are
explained vividly as
i.
Academic Activities
The fact
that exams are taking place during the conduct of this research work
constrained my research work, as it is not easy to cover wide areas.
ii.
Time
Time is one
of the major factors that constrained the research work, because the research
is to be conducted in specified period of time and so covering large area is
not possible which lead to narrowing the scope of my work to Kafin Hausa Local
Government where the
company is located.
iii.
Finance
One other
problem faced in time of conducting this research work is finance, lack of
funds as a student during the process of conducting this research as well as
high transport fare from one place to another prompted me to limit my research
work.
1.7 DEFINATION OF THE TERMS
i.
Role: This can be
defined and seen as the type of functions or duties that a particular something
or somebody plays in a particular field.
ii.
Raw: This refer
to a product or material that is not yet processed or cooked
iii.
Material: The term
materials include physical commodities used to make the final end product in a
manufacturing industry. It is however define as any commodities item used by a
particular company or industry to produce another product or to change it and
transform into finished goods.
iv.
Selection: The process
of choosing from group things, usually according to a system.
v.
Small Scale
Industry: In Nigeria,
small scale industries is defined as a small business whose total asset in
capital equipment and work capital are less than ₦50,000 and employing fewer
than 50 full time workers.
According to Bangkok,(1959)
defined it as that firm operated mainly with hired labour usually not exceeding 50 workers without the use of
motive power or 20 workers where motive power is used.
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