ABSTRACT
This project examined the Contribution of Financial
Institutions in Nigeria to the Growth of Manufacturing Industry. The research adopted ex-post
facto research method. Data was
basically collected by secondary means through CBN Statistical Bulletin. Data
garthered span 2005 to 2014.
Three hypotheses were formulated and tested
with the used of regression analysis and T-test. Based on the result of the
analysis, the three null hypotheses were rejected and the alternate hypotheses
accepted. It was thereby concluded that; Interest rate has significant impact on manufacturing output; Bank credit does not have
significant impact on the output of the manufacturing Sector in Nigeria; that bank
credit has significant impact on the output of the manufacturing Sector in
Nigeria and there is significant relationship between manufacturing output and
economic growth of Nigeria.
Recommendations were proffered to
Bank to give credit to the manufacturing sector of the economic as it is
contributing significantly for the growth of GDP in Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE -
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the
Study
1.2 Statement of
the Problem
1.3 Objective of
the Study
1.4 Research
Questions
1.5 Statement of
Research Hypotheses
1.6 Significance of
the Study
1.7 Scope of the
Study
1.8 Limitations of
the Study
1.9 Operationalization
of Variables
1.10 Definition of
Terms
References
CHAPTER TWO - LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Conceptual
Framework
2.3 Theoretical
Framework
2.4 Empirical Framework
References
CHAPTER THREE - RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Population of
the Study
3.4 Sample
Representation
3.5 Sample
Technique
3.6 Re-Statement of
Research Questions
3.7 Re-Statement of
Research Hypotheses
3.8 Method of Data
Collection
3.9 Instrument of
Data Collection
3.10 Validity and
Reliability Test
3.11 Method of Data
Analysis
3.12 Model Specification
CHAPTER FOUR - DATA
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Presentation of
Data
4.3 Test of
Hypotheses
4.4 Analysing the
Model
4.5 Discussion of
Results
CHAPTER FIVE -
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.0 Introduction
5.1 Summary of
Findings
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
References
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE SYUDY
There has been a growing concern on
the decline of the output of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria in recent
times, despite the fact that the government embarked on several strategies
aimed at improving industrial production and capacity utilization of the
sector. This worry is understandable in view of the fact that it has been
generally acclaimed, through the Kaldor’s first law, that manufacturing sector
is regarded as the engine of growth of the economy (Libanio, 2006). The
unimpressive performance of the sector in Nigeria is mainly due to massive
importation of finished goods and inadequate financial support for the
manufacturing sector, which ultimately has contributed to the reduction in
capacity utilization of the manufacturing sector in the country. Enebong (2003)
argued that the level of the Nigerian manufacturing organisations’ performance
will continue to see a decline because as it is now, the manufacturers will
have even more problems in assessing raw materials due to stiff competition
from the foreign firms.
Even the financial sector reform of
the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) in 1986, which was meant to correct
the structural imbalance in the economy and liberalize the financial systems
did not achieve the expected results. As Edirisuriya (2008) reported, financial
sector reforms are expected to promote a more efficient allocation of resources
and ensure that financial intermediation occurs as efficiently as possible.
This also implies that financial sector liberalization brings competition in
the financial markets, raises interest rate to encourage savings, thereby
making funds available for investment, and hence lead to economic growth
(Asamoah, 2008). Therefore, it is logical to assume that financial
liberalization enhances funds mobilization and accessibility, which are
required for firms’ performance and economic growth.
However, this research project has
been designed to examine the contributions of financial institutions to the
growth of manufacturing industry.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study was motivated by the
challenges pose by the lack of sufficient bank credits to meet the increasing
needs in the manufacturing sector of the Nigerian economy. There is no iota of
doubt that bank credits is very crucial and essential in revitalizing the
manufacturing sector. As important as bank credits is to the sector in
spite the continuous policy strategies to attract credits to the sector, most
Nigerian enterprises have remained unattractive for bank credits For instance,
as indicated in central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) reports, almost throughout the
regulatory era, commercial bank’s loans and advances to the manufacturing
sector deviated persistently from prescribed minima. Furthermore, the
enhanced financial intermediation in the economy following the financial
reforms of the 1990s notwithstanding, credits to manufacturing as a proportion
of total banking credits has not improved significantly averaging 15.7 percent
between 1990 and 1994 and 25.8% between 1995 and 2000. Consequently, many
manufacturing firms in the country have continue to rely heavily on internally
generated funds, which have tended to limit their scope of operating.
The above problems can be summarized
as follows;
i.
High
interest rate on Bank lending to the manufacturing sector.
ii.
Financial
institutions have not played vital role in revitalizing the manufacturing
sector. The output of the manufacturing Sector has in Nigeria?
iii.
The
economic impact of the manufacturing industry is not felt has most products are
still imported into the country for consumption
1.3 OBJECTIVE
OF THE STUDY
The main objective of this study is
to examine the contribution of financial institutions in Nigeria to the growth
of manufacturing industry. However, other specific objectives include:
i.
Examining
the impact of interest rate on manufacturing output of the manufacturing sector
ii.
To
assess the impact of bank credit on the output of the manufacturing sector in
Nigeria.
iii.
To
assert the relationship between manufacturing output and economic growth of
Nigeria
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
In order to achieve the purpose of
this research study, the study will attempt to provide answers to the following
research questions.
i.
How
does interest rate impact the manufacturing output of the manufacturing sector?
ii.
To
what extent does bank credit impact the output of the manufacturing Sector in
Nigeria?
iii.
What
is the extent of the relationship between manufacturing output and economic
growth of Nigeria
1.5 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH
HYPOTHESES
Hypothesis is a tentative answer to a
research question. It is a conjectural statement about the relationship that
exist between two or more variables which needs to be tested empirically before
they can be accepted or rejected. To provide answer to the research questions
arising from this study, the following hypotheses are postulated.
Hypothesis One
Ho: Interest
rate does not have significant impact on manufacturing output
H1: Interest rate does has significant impact
on manufacturing output
Hypothesis Two
Ho: Bank
credit does not have significant impact on the output of the manufacturing
Sector in Nigeria
H1: Bank credit
has significant impact on the output of the manufacturing Sector in Nigeria
Hypothesis Three
Ho: There
is no significant relationship between manufacturing output and economic growth
of Nigeria
H1: There is
significant relationship between manufacturing output and economic growth of
Nigeria
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
This research work tends to examine
the contribution of financial institutions to the growth of manufacturing
industry. An insights on the empirical relationship between financial sector
reforms and manufacturing output, can assist the government in formulating
accommodating policies to enhance industrial production and economic growth.
The study contributes to knowledge in
three ways: First, it reveals the current situation of manufacturing sector in
Nigeria. Second, the link between manufacturing output and economic growth will
also be established. Finally, the determinants of manufacturing output will be
identified. Thus, the appropriate policy towards accelerating growth through
manufacturing sector can be formulated and implemented.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research work is to examine the contribution
of financial institutions to the growth of manufacturing industry. The scope of
the study is the entire manufacturing sector of Nigeria economy in large. The
geographical location of the research in Nigeria. The study covers data for
period 2005 – 2014. The organization of the research is Nigeria Breweries Plc.
The sample size would be limited to one
hundred which will be drawn from the population. The simple sampling technique
will be used in drawing the sample.
1.8 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
In the course of conducting this
research work it is expected that the following will constitute impediments to
the effective conduct of the study
Access to Data:
inability to access relevant information is a foreseen challenge to the success
of this research. The tax authourity may not reveal data or a true information
which they which they may choose to keep for themselves.
Time Constraint: this study would have choose to cover a larger scope to consider the
thirty-six state tax authority which would yield a more reliable result but due
to the limited time available, the scope is limited to Lagos State tax
authority.
High
cost of running a large area: Also the financial implication of covering
the entire nation could be a predicament to the success of this research.
Nevertheless, I believe the above
limitations will in no way affect the reliability and validity of the research
study.
1.9 OPERATIONALIZATION OF
VARIABLES
In testing the validity of the
already stated hypothesis, this model will be used; manufacturing output is a
function of commercial banks and interest rate. Mathematically this can be
expressed as:
Moutput
= f (COML,IR)
Where
Moutput
= manufacturing output
Coml
=commercial bank loans
IR =commercial
bank interest rate
The
ordinary least square model is based on the following function.
Moutput
= b0 + b1COML + b2IR + U
Moutput
= Dependent variable
COML,IR
= Independent variables
b0
= Regression constant
b1,
b2= Unknown parameters or coefficients
U =
stochastic error
1.10 DEFINITION OF TERMS
BANKING SYSTEM: a network of commercial, savings, and
specialized banks that provide financial services, including accepting deposits
and providing loans and credit, money transmission, and investment facilities
FINANCIAL CONTAGION: A situation in which a faltering economy in one country causes
otherwise healthy economies
in other countries
to have problems
INTERBANK: The
financial system and trading of currencies among banks and financial
institutions, excluding retail investors and smaller trading parties
GLOBAL ECONOMY: The international spread of capitalism,
especially in recent decades, across national boundaries and with minimal
restrictions by governments.
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: An organization, which may be either
for-profit or non-profit, that takes money from clients and places it
in any of a variety of investment vehicles for the
benefit of both the client and the organization
LIBERALIZATION: The removal or reduction of restrictions or barriers on the free exchange
of goods between nations.
COMMERCIAL BANK: A financial institution that provides services such as accepting deposits
and giving business loans.
HUMAN CAPITAL: The
set of skills
which an employee
acquires on the job, through training and experience,
and which increase
the employee's
value
in the marketplace.
MONEY MARKET: A segment of the
financial market in which financial instruments with high liquidity and
very short maturities are traded
BOND MARKET: The environment in which
the issuance and trading of debt securities occurs
EQUITY MARKET: The
market in which shares are issued and traded, either through exchanges or
over-the-counter markets.
RELATIONSHIP BANKING: A banking philosophy that aims to
establish long-term relationships with customers and reduce the customer's
desire to go elsewhere for banking services.
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