ABSTRACT
The prevalence of obesity has increased in an alarming rate so much that it now occurs in children. Advancement of technology has made a lot of people’s lifestyle to be sedentary. There are a lot of programmes established to ensure people have a normal healthy body weight. This study explores the perception of undergraduates about various weight and obesity management strategies. The research was hypothesized that undergraduates significantly perceived (1) diet (2) physical activity (3) use of drugs (4) surgery as effective weight management strategies and that there is a significant difference between male and female participants in their perception of effectiveness on diet, physical activity and surgery as weight management strategies. The descriptive research was adopted for the study. The population of the study was undergraduates of the University of Lagos. The sample involved in the study were (400) undergraduates of the Faculty of Education. They were selected using the stratified random sampling technique. Data was gathered through a questionnaire which was analyzed using spss at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that a significant difference exists in their perception of drugs as an effective weight management strategy. On the basis of these findings, it was recommended that respondents are unaware of the dangers of surgery and drugs as weight management strategies. There is a need to inform through enlightenment campaign.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Research Hypotheses
Significance of the Study
Delimitation
Limitation of the Study
Operational Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Concept of Obesity
Prevalence of obesity
Obesity and Health
Causes
of Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Genetics
Obesity in Children in Nigeria
Weight Management
Strategies
Importance
of weight management
Aspects of weight management
Obesity and Pharmacotherapy
Obesity and Physical Activity
Obesity and Surgery
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION OF DATA
AND ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
SUMMARY
Conclusion
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Obesity
is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world. Today it is estimated
that there are more than 300 million obese people world-wide. Obesity is defined as
a condition of excess body fat and is associated with a large number of
debilitating and life-threatening disorders. According to Wold Health
Organisation (2002), obesity
is one of the largest health threats facing the world. Most researchers, Latner
and Stunkard (2000) agree that obesity is a consequence of chronic energy
imbalance.
The
prevalence of obesity is increasing in most parts of the world including
Nigeria, affecting men, women and children. Different methods of treating this
disease have been established in the various part of the world including
Nigeria. Some of these methods include pharmacotherapy, physical activity, diet
and surgery.
Body weight is a significant determinant of health and
disease both obesity and underweight have been associated with disease. WHO (1995)
affirmed that obesity has been associated with several non-communicable
diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and lipid disorders as well as with
increased morbidity and mortality among adults. Bakari and Onyemelukwe (2005) viewed
that underweight is associated with infections such as tuberculosis. In Nigeria,
there is a disturbing trend towards increasing adiposity (Treblay & Wilms,
2002). In developing countries, this has been attributed to the so called
nutritional transition. Flegal, and Carol (1998) found that in developing
countries, a double burden of obesity (suggesting over-nutrition) on the one
hand, and underweight (suggesting under-nutrition) on the other hand is not
uncommon.
Public health
campaigns to increase exercise levels and to reduce caloric intake have been
initiated in many countries both at the local and national level (Tremblay
& Wilms, 2002). Care must be taken to ensure that in such endeavours to
reduce overweight and obese levels a realistic and healthy body weight is the
goal of such campaigns (Flegal & Carol, 1998). This is particularly
important in order to avoid an increase in weight anxiety and restrained eating
with an increase in the number of campaigns aimed at increasing exercise levels
and reducing excessive food intake.
Statement
of the Problem
The
researcher has observed that there is an increasingly large number of
overweight and obese students among undergraduate of the University of Lagos.
Obesity is a public health problem because of its prevalence, review of
literature also indicated that as a solution to this problem, a number of
obesity and weight management strategies are being implemented across the
world. Some of these weight management strategies have been found to be
ineffective and replete with adverse consequences that are sometimes fatal. It
is therefore important that individuals have accurate information about weight
management strategies and their consequences. This study is designed to find
out what undergraduates of Faculty
of Education know about this strategies and how they perceive them.
Research Questions
The
following research questions will be answered in this study.
1. Will
undergraduates significantly perceive the use of diet as an effective weight
management strategy?
2. Will
undergraduates significantly perceive the use of physical activity as an
effective weight management strategy?
3. Will
undergraduates significantly perceive pharmacotherapy (the use of drug) as an
effective weight management strategy?
4. Will
undergraduates significantly perceive the use of surgery as an effective weight
management strategy?
5. Will the gender of participants significantly
influence their perception of the effectiveness of obesity and weight
management strategies?
Research Hypotheses
The
following research hypotheses will be tested in this study
1.
Undergraduates will not significantly
perceive diet as an effective weight management strategy.
2.
Undergraduates will not significantly perceive
physical activity as an effective weight management strategy.
3.
Undergraduates will not significantly
perceive pharmacotherapy as an effective weight management strategy.
4.
Undergraduates will not significantly perceive
surgery as an effective weight management strategy.
5. Gender will have no significant influence
on perceived effectiveness of obesity and weight management strategies.
Significance
of the Study
It
is hoped that curriculum planners and school administrators may be better
equipped to include knowledge about obesity and weight management strategy in
the curriculum to all students by considering such information when making
curricular, pedagogical or program decisions. The findings of this research may
serve as a basis for research work in the area of obesity and weight management
strategy thus provide data base for further research
Delimitation
This
study will be delimited to the following respect
1.
Undergraduate of Faculty of Education,
University of Lagos.
2.
Only
400 students served as participants in the study
3.
Four weight management strategies namely
a.
Pharmacotherapy
b.
Nutrition
c.
Physical activity
d.
Surgery
4.
Inferential statistics of chi-square and t-Test
Limitation of the Study
1.
Difficulty in getting even number of students in a particular level because
after receiving the questionnaire the researcher may find out that there were
carry over students in the class where questionnaires were distributed.
2.
The researcher faced the challenge of different students from different
departments taking a borrowed course which made it difficult to obtain
information from proportional number of participants from each level from the
departments.
Operational Definition Of Terms
Obesity:
is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent
that it may have an adverse effect on health.
Pharmacotherapy: is the treatment of obesity through
the administration of drugs.
Diet: modifying a healthful food intake.
Physical activity:
is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that require
energy expenditure.
Surgery:
the branch of medicine that treats diseases, injuries,
and deformities by manual or operative method. e.g gastro bypass surgery.
Weight management:
involves various methods of keeping body weight at a healthy level.
Strategy: practice necessary to keep one’s weight
at a healthy level.
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